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Biomedical subjects

W R Williams

Publications and source records attributed to W R Williams.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The likely region of overlap (LRO) method for physical assignment of loci.

Numerical analysis is applied to physical assignments of loci, providing point estimates, an LRO confidence interval, and a chi(2) test of consistency whether there is a smallest region of overlap (SRO) or not. Results are given for two examples and summarized for 81 loci in man.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1979

Morphological findings in idiopathic calcification of the ascending aorta and aortic valve affecting a young woman.

The pathology of a case of idiopathic calcification affecting the ascending aorta in a young woman is presented. A varying width of media throughout the aorta and extending into its proximaques of calcium, found in the acellular media, were confined to the ascending aorta. No inflammatory or reparative reaction was seen in the vessel wall. Electron microscopically, the calcium seemed to have an affinity for elastic tissue elements of all sizes and the mode of deposition appeared to be by 'avenues' of the microfibrillar component. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The hypothenar radial arch and parathenar loop in palmar dermal topology: sex, bimanual and regional variation in samples from the British Isles.

Consideration is given to the regular recording of parathenar distal loops (Pa) and hypothenar radial arches (Ar) in palmar dermal topology. Frequencies are given for four British populations (the North Pennine Dales, the Mid Welsh Borderland, Pembrokeshire and Ireland) and regional variation noted together with sex and bimanual differences. Both Pa and Ar occur infrequently in normal populations, generally in less than 5% of individuals, Pa significantly less than Ar. Both attributes are similar in that they are significantly more common on right than left hands and in females than males. Three out of twelve comparisons between the North Pennine Dales, Welsh Borderland and Pembrokeshire data attained formal significance, in each case in the males. The former two regions were distinguished for both Pa and Ar; the latter two for Ar. This is more than expected by chance at the 5% level.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1977

Mercury levels in freshwater fish of the state of South Carolina.

Samples of fish from freshwater sources of rivers, lakes and ponds all over the state of South Carolina were collected during the Summer of 1974 and 1975. The fish collected were Bass, Bluegill, Redbreast, Catfish, Shad, Carp, Crappie, Mudfish and Pike. Samples were analyzed using the flameless atomic absorption procedure outlined by Hatch and Ott, and Uthe et al as modified for use with Perkin-Elmer, Coleman MAS-50 mercury analyzer. Triplicate samples of fish tissue were analyzed by wet digestion method. The mean mercury levels in ppb were determined for baseline mercury levels. A significant finding of this report is that those species for which fish of widely differing weights were analyzed, larger fish had higher mercury levels. Mercury levels exceeding the U.S. Food and Drug Administration guideline of 500 ppb for fish tissues have been found in the Mudfish from Edisto River and Pike fish from Lake Murray. Higher levels of mercury occurred in the highly vascularized blood tissues of liver and kidney than in muscle. Carnivorous and bottom-feeding fishes are the most reliable indicators of mercury pollution.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy.

This paper describes a patient with typical post-traumatic Sudeck's atrophy of the right foot, who subsequently developed an atraumatic, painful osteoporosis of the left foot and right knee. It is suggested that cases of 'migrating osteolysis' and 'transient osteoporosis' of the lower limbs be grouped with classical Sudeck's atrophy as a reflex sympathetic dystrophy; Theories of pathogenesis have been reviewed and a possible theory of causation in atraumatic cases is presented.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changing isonymic relationships in Fylingdales parish, North Yorkshire, 1841-1881.

Lasker's coefficient of relationship by isonymy was used to analyse surname data taken from the 1841-1881 Census returns from Fylingdales parish, North Yorkshire. Relationships were measured between each of the occupational groups: mariner, fisherman, shipowner, farmer, agricultural labourer, alum works labourer and 'other'--with and between census years in each decade. Broadly, there is a clear differentiation of the population genetic structure in the parish over this whole period, and distinct clusters of 'maritime', 'agricultural' and 'other' jobs can be identified. In finer detail, the gradual breakdown of this pattern of genetic differentiation can be observed, as the fishing industry declined, the alum works closed, and as new farming families moved in to the parish.

England↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between diuretics and serum cholesterol in Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program participants.

The effect of diuretics, mainly chlorthalidone, on serum cholesterol was studied in 7,006 of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program (HDFP) hypertensive patients not on antihypertensive medication at baseline. Several investigators have reported that diuretic therapy increases serum cholesterol in treated subjects. However, data from two long-term studies indicated that no increase in cholesterol occurred after two years of diuretic treatment. In the present study, yearly changes in serum cholesterol in hypertensives treated with diuretics were observed. The results were in agreement with those reported from both short-term and long-term studies, in that a significant increase in cholesterol was observed in six months to one year into the study but not from the second to the fifth year of therapy. In fact, the serum cholesterol levels were the same as baseline values after two years of drug treatment and decreased slightly thereafter. In the untreated group, no change or a decrease in serum cholesterol was observed during the course of the study. The possible causes for changes in serum cholesterol concentration such as regression to the mean, change in body weight, baseline cholesterol concentration, and the action mechanism of diuretic drugs are discussed.

Adult↗