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Biomedical subjects

W Rödl

Publications and source records attributed to W Rödl.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Double contrast small bowel examination--a methodologic comparison using transnasal and peroral probes].

A new flexible probe to be introduced through the nose was used for the intubation of the jejunum for double-contrast small bowel enema. The new probe has a diameter of only 2.8 mm and was better tolerated than the normally applied Camus probe. Nevertheless, the failure rate (intubation of jejunum not successful) with the new probe as compared to the Camus probe was higher (17% versus 1%). We, therefore, conclude that the new probe should mainly be used by experienced examiners.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1989

IGM-containing immune complexes and antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with Sneddon's syndrome.

We report three patients with a Sneddon syndrome in whom predominantly small (500-900 kD) IgM-containing serum immune complexes were detectable. Furthermore, antiphospholipid antibodies and increased von Willebrand factor antigen were found in the sera of two cases. Especially the data demonstrating small circulating immune complex as suggest that Sneddon's syndrome, a rare vasculitis disorder, might immunologically be characterized by circulating IgM-containing immune complexes which, in addition, could play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease entity. The elevated antiphospholipid antibodies as well as the increased von Willebrand factor antigen in the sera of the investigated patients have to be considered as nonspecific vasculitis-associated phenomena.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Tissue reactions under piezoelectric shockwave application for the fragmentation of biliary calculi.

The tissue reactions that occurred during piezoelectric shockwaves for the fragmentation of biliary calculi were investigated in 10 surgically removed stone containing human gall bladders and in acute (six dogs) and chronic (six dogs) animal experiments. Before and after shockwave (500, 1500 or 3000) in the anaesthetised dogs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic imaging (MRI) and laboratory tests were done; treatment was carried out under continuous ultrasonographic control. Shockwave applications to the human gall bladders resulted in disintegration of the stones with no macroscopically or microscopically detectable tissue changes. In acute animal experiments, small haematomas were observed in all six animals at surfaces, but also inside the liver and gall bladder (max diameter 25 mm). Perforation or intra-abdominal or pleural bleeding did not occur. In chronic experiments, no macroscopic, and only slight microscopic residual lesions (haemosiderin deposits) were seen three weeks after shockwave. In almost all instances, the lesions were detected by CT, MRI, and ultrasonography, while laboratory tests were negative.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Piezoelectric lithotripsy of gallstones. Initial clinical experiences].

Piezoelectric lithotripsy was undertaken on 50 patients with gallbladder stones, none of them requiring anaesthesia, analgetics or sedatives. Stone fragmentation was achieved in all patients during the first treatment. In 44 patients the maximum fragment size was less than 50% of the initial stone diameter. The mean maximum fragment size after the first treatment was 4.3 mm (+/- 3.3 mm). After a follow-up of 0-2 months in 14 of the 50 patients and of 2-4 months in 6 of 13 patients, no more stones could be seen by ultrasonography. After an average period of 8 weeks, 17 of 50 patients were free of stones. Piezoelectric lithotripsy did not have any severe side effects besides a mild pancreatitis in one patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Leiomyosarcoma of the splenic vein].

The differential diagnosis of disease processes of the pancreatic tail involves considerable difficulty, despite the use of sonography, computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography. In most cases, morphological changes are due to pancreatic tumors, inflammatory disease or lymphoma. We report on a case of leiomyosarcoma of the splenic vein with local invasion of the pancreatic tail simulating a pancreatic tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[The CREST syndrome].

If a patient has peri- and intra-articular calcinosis, as well as acro-osteolysis and esophageal hypomotility, and rheumatic symptoms, Crest syndrome should be considered as a manifestation of progressive systemic sclerosis. In connection with relevant symptoms on the skin and visceral involvement, radiological studies offer the possibility of classifying progressive systemic sclerosis more accurately.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1987

Intralymphatic interleukin-2 treatment of a hemophiliac AIDS patient with defective interleukin-2 production.

To improve immune functions in an interleukin-2 (IL-2) deficient hemophiliac AIDS patient suffering from severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, treatment with IL-2 was started in addition to standard antimicrobial therapy. Highly purified IL-2 was administered subcutaneously and then repeatedly intralymphatically in a manner similar to pedal lymphography. No toxicity was observed. The patient temporarily improved clinically as well as with regard to immunological functions. Particularly the in vitro response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) could partly be restored, and skin tests revealed improved response to recall antigens. These findings indicate that IL-2 can be administered safely and effectively by the intralymphatic route and may--in addition to antibiotics--be of value in AIDS patients with severe opportunistic infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Multiple peripheral pulmonary nodules preceding rheumatoid arthritis.

The case of a young woman is reported, presenting multiple peripheral lung nodules, preceding the onset of classical rheumatoid arthritis 3 months later. The nodules observed seemed to be of pleural origin because they all had contact with the pleura which was partly thickened as demonstrated by computer-assisted tomography. The histopathology of material obtained by an open-lung biopsy revealed rheumatoid necrobiotic nodules. Although very rare, rheumatoid arthritis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules of unknown origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Intralymphatic interleukin 2 treatment in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: preliminary experience in three cases.

Patients with opportunistic infections during the course of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were analyzed for cellular immune functions and found to be severely immunocompromised. In particular, interleukin 2 (IL 2) production appeared to be defect not only qualitatively but also quantitatively. In some of these patients, exogenous IL 2 improved immune response in vitro. Intralymphatically administered highly purified natural IL 2 was given repeatedly (over a time period of ten days) to three of these patients. In two cases, such a treatment course was repeated later. Clinical response - at least in some patients - appeared to be of temporary benefit. Shortly after termination of IL 2 application in two patients an increase of lectin responsiveness as well as improved reactivity in skin testing was noted, encouraging further exploration of IL 2 as an immunostimulatory drug in AIDS patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Value of small bowel double contrast enema in clinical interventions].

The double contrast enema is the most effective morphological screening method for the evaluation of the whole small bowel. Its sensitivity is 85%, its specifity 96.7%. In specific clinical problems the number of pathological roentgen findings rises: from 34.4% when all indications are taken into consideration to 58% in indications specific to the small intestine such as Morbus Crohn or the malabsorption syndrome. Search for tumours and the double contrast of the small bowel in unclear gastro-intestinal bleeding are unproductive. The weak point of this screening method is the lower part of the small intestine. Therefore, the selective peroral or retrograde analysis of the terminal ileum supplement the contrast method. A precondition for good results is an adequate technical standard. Besides the clinical results some technical results are therefore discussed such as contrast medium quantities, examination and X-ray time, radiation exposure and influences on the image quality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of choledochal cysts. The methodological value of imaging procedures].

For 10 cases in which we detected cysts in the choledochus ourselves comparing traditional radiological methods (infusion-cholegram, ERC, scintigraphy, barium meal examination, angiography) with recent imaging procedures (ultrasound, CT, NMR) the following sequence of procedures proved to be favorable: Screening methods are ultrasound and infusion-cholegram. CT and NMR furnish good presentations of the intra- and extrahepatic dilatations of the bile duct. ERC still represents the best methods for demonstration of an extrahepatic cyst of the choledochus. Hepato-biliary functional scintigraphy is performed as a supplement. Barium meal examination and coeliacography furnish a small diagnostic contribution only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Differential diagnosis of liver diseases in the nuclear spin tomogram].

In evaluating nuclear magnetic tomography for the diagnosis of liver disease, one must differentiate between circumscribed and diffuse lesions. Nuclear magnetic tomography provides additional information for lesions which are echogenic on ultrasound and can differentiate between metastases, haemangiomas and hamartomas. In diffuse parenchymal disease measurement of relaxation time can differentiate between fatty liver, cirrhosis (alcoholic, primary biliary), haemochromatosis (cirrhotic transformation) and hepatoma. NMR spectroscopy is a method for the future.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in the study of the liver and its diseases].

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tomography has already attained a position in clinical use beside the established techniques ultrasound (US) und computerized tomography (CT) for the examination of the liver and its related diseases. In assessing its methodical significance one has to differentiate between focal liver lesions and damages of the liver parenchyma. Focal lesions may be identified with NMR just as safely as with US and CT. However, NMR produces additional information, especially in the echo-dense lesions in US, where both NMR and angio-CT can differentiate between echo-dense metastases, haemangiomas and fatty tumours. In damages of the liver parenchyma NMR seems to become the method of choice. Quantitative tissue differentiation is possible by determining the relaxation times. In fatty degeneration of the liver focal fatty infiltration and circumscribed cirrhotic changes can be discerned. It is possible to identify cirrhoses directly and not merely by indirect criteria as is the case with US and CT. NMR can also differentiate between aethylic (prolonged T1) and primary-biliary cirrhosis (shortened T1). Haemochromatosis may be identified with CT, the accompanying secondary cirrhotic change, however, can only be detected by NMR. In liver cell carcinoma, e.g. secondary to cirrhosis, cancer nodes and cirrhotic regeneration nodes may be differentiated. Whole body NMR spectroscopy is still under research. Once it is perfected for clinical use it will change the entire laboratory medicine.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗