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Biomedical subjects

W Rau

Publications and source records attributed to W Rau.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Influence of several chelating agents on the distribution and binding of cadmium in rats.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 109CdCl2 (3 mumol Cd/kg) and killed between 1 h and 200 d afterwards. Metal concentration in the critical organs, i.e. liver and kidneys decreased very slowly. Within the cells Cd is found mainly in the cytosol and--at very early times--in the nuclei. Within the cytosol of the liver most of the metal is initially bound to proteins with high molecular weight but as early as 3 h after incorporation more than 90% is bound to metallothionein which is always the main binding site in the kidneys. Of the chelating agents tested only BAL and Puchel were able to reduce the body burden significantly. Both are lipophilic substances. Puchel cannot reduce the kidney Cd burden but removes Cd from the liver only while BAL is effective in both organs. Both chelating agents exert their effects at doses which are too near to the LD50 to be considered as safe enough for human use.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

[Functional anatomy of stomach circulation: localizing factors in the pathogenesis of stomach ulcer].

Comparative vertebrate anatomy shows that acid secretion and wall stress processes typically occur in different compartments. In the human single-chamber stomach both processes are physiologically separated in time. If both processes take place in one hollow organ at the same time, focal ischemia will occur. Using the microsphere technique a submucous steal-phenomenon, which the effect is due to, has been reproduced experimentally. A network model of the human gastric vascular bed produces borderline infarcts at the preferred sites of human gastric ulcer.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Experimental conditions for the reproduction of a submucous steal phenomenon in the dog stomach].

The influence of pentagastrin on gastric blood flow has been investigated using 9 mu-microspheres in dogs. As soon as 6 min after the onset of a pentagastrin infusion blood flow rises in all gastric probes in fasted animals. In dogs, fed two hours previously, such a response can only be seen in the corpus-mucosa areas. Blood flow in the antrum mucosa specimen falls beneath its initial value. This gastric steal-phenomenon takes place at the level of the submucous plexus, as has been shown earlier.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Sonography and computed tomography before and after liver resection and transplantation].

The diagnostic value of sonography and CT was studied in 259 patients. In the diagnosis of solid tumours, CT is superior to sonography, whereas ultrasound is more useful in the investigation of cystic lesions. In estimating the extent of intrahepatic tumours, the falciform ligament is more useful than a line from the cava to the gall bladder, both for CT and ultrasound, although in this case CT shows the extent of tumours more accurately. 3.7% of the ultrasound and 2.3% of the CT examinations were of limited value because of unavoidable technical problems.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

[Formal cause of stomach ulcer].

Analysing gastric circulation we find that the hemodynamic effects of acid secretion and wall stress during contractions are capable of producing malperfusion of discrete areas. A computer-aided simulation of digestive cycles on a simplified gastric model shows an ischemic lesion, corresponding with the phenomenology of human gastric ulcer. A steal-phenomenon, which the effect is due to, has been produced experimentally.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Sonography, urography and angiography in kidney carcinoma. A comparative study].

In a comparative study the validity of angiographic, sonographic and urographic findings for evaluation of 204 renal tumors was investigated. Angiography showed 97% correct results, sonography 96% and urography 93%. Mean tumor size was 8.4 cm. 25% of all tumors caused renal vein occlusion. On the one side there is a striking correlation between tumor growth and vein occlusion, and on the other side between vein occlusion and urographic silent right kidney. 20% of all tumors had metastasized at the time of diagnosis. In 4.5% of all cases we found a left sided symptomatic varicocele of the left side with invasion of the left renal vein by tumor masses.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

[On the treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid (author's transl)].

Treatment of carcinoma of the thyroid includes, in addition to possible total surgical removal of thyroid and tumour tissue, obligatory radio-iodine treatment as well as administration of thyroid hormone in high dosage. Patients with anaplastic carcinoma as well as those with differentiated carcinoma which has broken into vessels or capsule or metastasized, are additionally given percutaneous radiation treatment. Cumulative survival rate for papillary thyroid carcinoma, treated according to this schema, was for women 95% after three years, 83% after five and 53% after ten years. Corresponding survival rates in men were 93%, 78% and 20% respectively. Rates for follicular thyroid carcinoma in women were 87% at three years, 75% at five and 50% at ten years. In men corresponding figures were 94, 77 and 50%. Dividing patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (210) into various risk groups, those with papillary and follicular carcinoma manifesting at an age under 45 years had a better prognosis than that after 45 years. Worst prognosis was with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, when survival rates at one, three and five years were 41, 28 and 18%, respectively.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[The effect of cimetidine on oxygen consumption and blood flow in the gastric fundus wall after dissection of the left gastric vessels: an experimental study on pigs (author's transl)].

Determination of the regional gastric blood flow in pigs with tracer microspheres indicates maximum blood flow in the fundus mucosa, even after dissection of the left gastric vessels. Excessive aerobic metabolism in this region was proved by measuring the arteriovenous oxygen difference. Fundus oxygen consumption was significantly depressed by cimetidine; change of blood flow distribution, a disadvantage for the seromuscular fundus layer, was inhibited.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Hemodynamics of the gastroduodenal circulation (author's transl)].

The regional blood flow of the dog's stomach and upper part of the duodenum is measured by radioactive microspheres. A complete surgical interruption of vascular connections between antrum and corpus changes blood flow distribution, as measured 2 weeks after operation. We find a significant fall of flow to the mucosa of the corpus and the muscular layer of the antrum. Mucosa and muscularis of the canine stomach are supplied by different sources: The arteries of the muscularis, which show extramural origin, are mainly supplied by the left gastric vessels. The gastric mucosa--even of the corpus--shows main blood supply from the arteries of the gastroduodenal region. Gastric secretion shows normal response on stimulation by Pentagastrin. Thus an accidental vagotomy is excluded as a possible cause of the registered flow changes. The effect of Pentagastrin on the gastroduodenal circulation is interpreted an an occlusion of arteriovenous shunts.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Localisation of an extra-adrenal phaeochromocytoma with stenosis of the renal artery (author's transl)].

Compression of the left renal artery occurred in an eleven-year old girl with arterial hypertension, the compression being caused by an extra-adrenal phaeochromocytoma. Localisation of the arteriographically not identifiable phaeochromocytoma was achieved by examining the blood in stages for the presence of catecholamines from the vena cava. This examination revealed enhanced norepinephrine levels in the left renal vein. Today the following possibilities are utilisable for localising a phaeochromocytoma: diagnosis via ultrasound, axial computer tomography, stepwise withdrawal of blood from the tributaries to the vena cava superior and inferior for determining the catecholamine content. The indication for performing arteriography after preliminary treatment of the patient with alpha-receptor blockers, has become an exception.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed1979

[Catheter dilatation of arterial stenosis after renal transplantation (author's transl)].

Post-anastomotic arterial stenosis after renal transplantation requires active intervention in order to save the transplant. As an alternative to a taxing surgical reoperation selective transluminal catheter dilatation was performed in one case and severe stenosis was removed. Rapid normalisation of blood pressure and recovery of excretory function should encourage further such therapeutic attempts in stenoses in these high-risk patients.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1979

[Angiomyolipoma, a precursor of hypernephroma? (author's transl)].

Presentation of an eleven year follow-up of a case of angioblastoma of the cerebellar hemisphere and multiple bilateral renal hamartomas in a female patients. Malignant degeneration of these hamartomas was detected early due to regular and careful follow-up examinations.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

[Angiography in extracranial vascular processes (author's transl)].

Anatomy and technique in angiography of extracranial vessels is discussed based upon 1321 own cases. Most frequently catheter technique is used. Main indication is cerebral vascular insufficiency, less often aneurysm, trauma and tumor. Results of angiography are discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Composition and photoinduced biosynthesis of the carotenoids of a protoplast-like Neurospora crassa "slime" mutant.

A spheroplast-like "slime" mutant of Neurospora crassa (lacking a rigid cell wall) was found to synthesize an identical spectrum of carotenoids as wild type strains except for beta-carotene. Furthermore strict photoregulation of the biosynthesis of these pigments as well as the characteristics of photoinduced carotenogenesis were also nearly identical in the mutant and in the wild type.

Carotenoids↗
PubMed1975

[Inhibition of bacterial neuraminidases by different anions (author's transl)].

It was shown that neuraminidase of Vibrio comma is inactivated by Ca..-binding anions like citrate, EDTA, oxalate, phosphate or tartrate. There is, however, no inhibition of the newly described enzymes of Erysipelothrix insidiosa and Streptococcus viridans. Pyruvate and, to a lesser extent, also citrate inactivate all the neuraminidases investigated independently of their activation by Ca..ions.

Ascorbic Acid↗