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Biomedical subjects

W Reed

Publications and source records attributed to W Reed.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Primary head and neck reconstruction with a simultaneous ipsilateral pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and a deltopectoral flap.

Patients with large advanced tumors of the head and neck that are resectable may be reconstructed by using the combination of an ipsilateral pectoralis major myocutaneous flap and an ipsilateral deltopectoral flap. Preoperative planning is necessary. The PM flap must be elevated and care taken not to interfere with the internal mammary perforating arteries. The lateral chest incision must be made low enough to provide adequate skin and soft tissue in the DP flap. These two flaps provide adequate tissue with a reliable blood supply to reconstruct these large defects.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

The cytoskeleton of the apical border of the lateral cells of freshwater mussel gill: structural integration of microtubule and actin filament-based organelles.

The coexistence of densely packed microtubule- and microfilament-based elements in the apex of ciliated epithelial cells, such as the lateral (L) cells of freshwater mussel gill, suggests that with this system it may be possible to define structural connections and interactions that permit integrated cytoskeletal responses to known physiological stimuli. In this study we examine the structure of the L cell apex in detail. The central elements of the elaborate cytoskeleton of the cortex are the basal bodies whose specialized accessory processes are points of integration and the focus of cortical microtubule and microfilament networks. Each basal body supports a cilium and interacts with adjacent basal bodies and with the cell periphery via a dual set of fibre-containing flat trabeculae, both of which are attached to a special organizing centre, the basal foot cap. The distal trabecula is composed of microtubules and the proximal of microfilaments. Connecting the trabeculae, at vertices in the filamentous grids, are core bundles of microfilaments from apical microvilli. In this way, a zig-zag pattern that characterizes microvillar organization at the cell surface is generated. At the cell periphery, the microfilaments from basal foot caps join a peripheral band of microfilaments that underlies the cell border and is associated with four special sites, one in each corner of the cell. Mussel gill epithelial cells contain a polypeptide that resembles actin in its mobility in sodium dodecyl sulphate/10% (w/v) polyacrylamide gels and its affinity for DNase I. Decoration with heavy meromyosin demonstrates that many microfilaments of the L cell apex contain actin, including the microvillar core and peripheral band microfilaments. Actin-associated proteins are also present in these epithelial cells. The actin filaments of the peripheral band are organized to support contraction of the cell border, which would also affect each element of the cortex. This structural complexity, combined with the limited number of modes of interaction between various elements, suggests that the L cell apical cytoskeleton endows the cell with significant positional and morphogenetic information that could be used to compute organellar and cytoskeletal lengths, spacing and changes upon stimulation.

Actins↗
PubMed1983

Serotoninergic differentiation of quail neural crest cells in vitro.

The in vitro differentiation of quail neural crest cells into serotoninergic neurons is reported. Serotoninergic neurons were identified by two independent methods, formaldehyde-induced histofluorescence and indirect staining with antiserotonin antibodies. Serotonin-positive cells first appeared on the third day in culture, simultaneously, or slightly prior to the first pigmented cells and adrenergic neurons. Comparable numbers of serotoninergic cells were found in crest cell cultures derived from vagal, thoracic/upper lumbar, and lumbosacral levels of the neuraxis. The neural crest origin of the serotonin neurons was further corroborated by the demonstration that cultures of somites, notochords, and neural tubes (three tissues adjacent to the neural crest and thus the most likely contaminants of crest cell cultures) did not contain serotonin-producing cells, and that mast cells were absent in crest cell cultures. The identification of serotoninergic neurons in quail neural crest cell cultures makes an important addition to the number of neural crest derivatives that are capable of differentiating in culture. Furthermore, it suggests that the in vitro culture system will prove a valid approach to the elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern neural crest cell differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Acute renal failure associated with increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Anuric renal failure developed in four patients in association with increased intra-abdominal pressure from postoperative hemorrhage. Polyuria and resolution of the renal failure occurred in each patient in response to operative decompression of the abdomen. Renal failure secondary to increased intra-abdominal pressure has been previously produced experimentally in dogs by the intraperitoneal installation of graded amounts of saline. This is the first report of this type of renal failure in clinical practice.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

Septate junction disruption and surface reorganization by non-lethal Ca2+ shock.

Using potassium pyroantimonate as a Ca2+ chelating agent, we have been able to open the belt desmosome that mechanically couples adjacent ciliated lateral (L) gill epithelial cells of freshwater mussels. Subsequent transfer of the mechanically uncoupled epithelia to solutions containing millimolar Ca2+ results in dramatic alterations in cell shape and partial disruption and apical reorientation of L cell septate junction. The calls remain viable throughout the procedure as determined by the persistence of ciliary activity, although disruption is accompanied by a separation of neighboring groups of cilia and a switch from metachronal to synchronous L cell ciliary beat co-ordination.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Use of a semiquantitative microscopic method for detecting bacteriuria.

We evaluated a microscopic examination for bacteriuria, performed by experienced observers and by 25 house officers who were less practiced in the technique. Simulated urine samples containing known concentrations of Escherichia coli with or without polymorphonuclear leukocytes were examined uncentrifuged in a wet mount with a methylene blue stain. The experienced observers were able to determine whether a sample contained greater or less than 10(5) organisms per milliliter with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. The house officers demonstrated a lessened discrimination, and leukocytes in the samples altered their decisions as to whether samples contained significant numbers of bacteria. Experienced observers can successfully use the microscopic examination as a rapid and inexpensive diagnostic tool to diagnose significant bacteriuria.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1977

Left heart myxomas.

Separate left ventricular and left atrial myxomas were detected with echocardiography in an asymptomatic young adult with a systolic murmur. Successful surgical removal of both tumors was performed without complications. The value of echocardiography in evaluating heart murmurs of uncertain origin is demonstrated by this unique case.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Coronary bypass surgery after renal transplantation.

Aortocoronary bypass surgery was performed in three patients with incapacitating angina pectoris who had previously had successful renal transplantation. All patients had initial symptomatic improvement. Although two have mild angina pectoris, there is objective improvement in their exercise tolerance and in ischemic ST-T changes on treadmill exercise testing. One patient, who also had resection of a left ventricular aneurysm, remains free of angina but is symptomatic from congestive heart failure. There were no postoperative complications. To our knowledge, these three cases are the first in which aortocoronary bypass surgery has been performed successfully in patients who have had renal transplantation. Anticipated problems with infection in view of the immunosuppressive therapy and renal problems postoperatively were not encountered.

Adult↗