Cell filtration by isolated rat liver.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
W Rittgen
Publications and source records attributed to W Rittgen.
Comparison of S100 protein and MIA protein as serum marker for malignant melanoma.
BACKGROUND: Detection of S100 beta in serum has been shown to be a significant prognostic marker for malignant melanoma in earlier studies. Melanoma inhibiting activity (MIA) has recently been detected as a new serum marker for malignant melanoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, serum levels of S100 beta protein and MIA were measured over a time period of up to 18 months in 271 serum samples from 65 melanoma patients at different stages of disease, during chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. In addition, 46 sera of control patients were analysed. The aim of this study was to compare both potential markers. S100 beta was measured using the immunoluminometric assay LIA-mat Sangtec (Byk Sangtec Diagnostica) with a cut-off level of 0.12 microgram/l. MIA was determined by the MIA ELISA kit (Roche) using a cut-off level of 6.5 ng/ml. RESULTS: In 53 patients a direct correlation of S-100 values and clinical course could be observed (81.5%), whereas in 48 patients MIA-values and clinical course (73.8%) showed an association. S100 beta levels were incorrectly elevated in 5 out of 25 sera, "false positive" (20%)) and were in 8 out of 40 sera not elevated despite the detection of metastases "false negative" (20%)). Assessing the MIA levels, 2 out of 25 probes were false positive (8%) and 13 out of 40 probes false negative(32.5%). CONCLUSION: Our data strongly suggest that S100 and MIA represent serum tumor markers that are valuable both in therapy-monitoring and in detection of tumour progression.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
Cellular predictive factors for the drug response of lung cancer.
The main objective of this study to analyze which of 31 cellular factors (resistance proteins, proliferative factors, apoptotic factors, angiogenic factors, proto-oncogenes) most accurately predict the resistance of non-small cell lung carcinomas. To this purpose, we used a short-term in vitro test that measures changes in the rate at which radioactive nucleic acid precursors are incorporated into tumor cells after the addition of doxorubicin to determine the response to doxorubicin in 94 non-small cell lung carcinomas. The results obtained by the short-term test were related to the various cellular factors which were in turn determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. A significant correlation was found between the data obtained by the short-term test and the expression of P-glycoprotein 170 (P = 0.00004), glutathione-S-transferase-pi (P = 0.0002), metallothionein (P = 0.0008), thymidylate synthase (P = 0.002), O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (P = 0.008) and lung resistance-related protein (LRP, P = 0.03). There was only a weak correlation between heat shock proteins (HSP70) and no correlation between the expression of topoisomerase II or catalase and the short-term test results. To measure the proliferative activity, the following were determined: PCNA, cyclin A, cyclin D and cdk2. Only a weak relationship was found between the expression of cdk2 (P = 0.04) and PCNA (P = 0.05) and the doxorubicin response in vitro. Of the investigated pro-apoptotic factors (Fas/CD95, Fas ligand, caspase-3), only Fas/CD95 is significantly associated with the drug response (P = 0.007). The apoptotic index also reveals a significant correlation (P = 0.03). Angiogenesis, as measured by the microvessel density and the angiogenic factors, is inversely correlated to the resistance of non-small cell lung cancer. Platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) exhibit a significant relationship to the drug resistance (P = 0.0006 and P = 0.004, respectively). Of the investigated proto-oncogenes (Fos, Jun, ErbB-1, ErbB-2, Myc, Ras), only ErbB-2 is weakly associated with the in vitro short term test. In order to determine whether combining factors can result in improved predictive information, combinations of the factors (pairs, triplets) were analyzed. The systematic investigation of these combinations yields an improvement in the predictive information. With one factor up to 76.6% of the tumors, with two factors up to 85.4% and with three factors up to 89.5% of the tumors could be correctly diagnosed.
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗