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Biomedical subjects

W Ritzerfeld

Publications and source records attributed to W Ritzerfeld.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The release of gentamycin into the wound secretions from polymethylmethacrylate beads. A study with reference to the animal experiment.

Following implantation of Gentamycin PMMA beads, the concentration of antibiotics in the wound secretion was investigated in an animal experiment which corresponded to the clinically applied procedure. The measured concentrations of active substance over a period of 6 days were on an average 8 times higher than the maximum serum titers obtainable with systemic application of antibiotics, and consequently they exceeded by several dilution stages the minimum bactericidal concentrations of most of those bacteria which are responsible for infections of wounds and bones. The kinetics of release of Gentamycin out of the PMMA beads are presented, and compared with that of bone cement which contains antibiotics and which is used in endoprostheses. From the results, conclusions about the intraoperative techniques which should be realised have been drawn, conditions which are of decisive importance for the success of this new treatment for infections of the bone and soft tissue.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

Efficacy of two trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations in experimental pyelonephritis in the rat.

Co-trimazine, a new combination of trimethoprim and sulphadiazine intended for treatment of urinary tract infections, was tested and compared to co-trimoxazole in an experimental model of acute, obstructive pyelonephritis in the rat. The tests were carried out at four dose levels corresponding to the clinically recommended doses and to 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of the latter. The drugs were administered orally. Co-trimazine was found to have a greater antibacterial activity than co-trimoxazole and its use at a lower dosage than that of the latter appears warranted.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of cefaclor on experimental pyelonephritis (author's transl)].

A comparative study on the antibiotic activity of cefaclor and cephradine was performed in an infection and therapy model of acute pyelonephritis in the rat. Pathogens were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibiotics, which were administered orally, both had a pronounced effect in comparison to the untreated control group. Cefaclor was superior to cephradine in infections caused by K. pneumoniae.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Efficacy of bacampicillin and ampicillin in experimental pyelonephritis in the rat.

Bacampicillin and ampicillin were tested and compared with each other in a model of acute, obstructive pyelonephritis in the rat. The compounds were administered orally at five dose levels ranging from 50 mg/kg to 150 mg/kg. Bacampicillin was found to have a greater therapeutic activity than ampicillin, particulary at the higher doses, indicating that its improved absorption properties make it a therapeutically more effective compound than ampicillin.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1979

Antibiotic activity of cefazedone in experimental pyelonephritis.

The new cephalosporin derivative (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl]-acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen) has been tested for antibacterial activity in the infection and therapy model of acute E. coli pyelonephritis in rats. The reference substance was cephalothin. The tests showed a superiority of cefazedone which, however, could not be clearly confirmed by the significance test. Owing to its favourable pharmacokinetics in combination with good antibacterial activity, cefazedone can be added to the cephalosporins considered for use in clinical practice, especially so as the statistics for 1977 show that the causative agents of pyelonephritis which these drugs can often combat effectively are present in the majority of the urine strains: E. coli accounted for 45%, enterococci for 18%, and Proteus for 15% out of a total number of 6100 urine strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Cefoxitin and cefuroxim concentrations after intravenous administration in sputum of patients with chronic bronchitis (author's transl)].

On 24 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis the Cefuroxim and Cefoxitin concentrations in the sputum were investigated during 11 days after intravenous injections. The concentrations of Cefuroxim were above the minimal concentrations necessary to block growing of bacteria. Cefoxitin showed lower concentrations. Different pharmacokinetics for both of the test substances may be responsible for the different results.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Tetracycline levels in the sputum in chronic obstructive bronchitis (author's transl)].

After 3 control days, the tetracycline concentration in the sputum of 34 patients was measured daily on 7 days during treatment with the antibiotic. 14 patients took tetracycline (Hostacyclin) in normal doses (2X500 mg or 2X1000 mg) by mouth. 20 patients received rolitetracycline (Reverin) 2X275 mg i.v. daily. With considerable individual fluctuations, sputum concentrations were attained in all series ranging from 1.5 to 2.0 microgram/ml after intravenous administration and from 1.1 to 1.6 microgram/ml after oral dosage. The higher dosage administered orally had no greater influence on the sputum concentration. In each case, sputum levels were attained which lie above the necessary minimum concentrations (0.5 microgram/ml).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

[Penicillin V potassium in tonsillar tissue and serum (author's transl)].

1.2 mega U Penicillin V potassium was given to 20 patients 2 hours (group 1) and another 19 patients 3 hours (group 2) before tonsillectomy. After the operation biological determinations of the levels of active principle were made from tonsillar tissue and serum with statistical evaluation of the results (Spearman's rank correlation). There was a significant connection between the serum and tonsillar tissue concentrations (in children and adults) in both groups. The level of the active principle in group 2 was only slightly lower than in group 1. Many of the micro-organisms responsible for tonsillitis can be influenced by the concentrations found here, so that application of Penicillin V can often be expected to have a good therapeutic effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Pivampicillin and ampicillin in experimental E. coli pyelonephritis].

The antimicrobiol activity of 6-[D(--)-alpha-aminophenylacetamido]-penicillanic acid-(pivaloyloxymethyl)-ester (privampicillin) was tested in comparison to ampicillin during the acute ascending pyelonephritis of the rat caused by E. coli. Two groups of rats were treated with different drug concentrations; group I:3 times 70 mg/kg/day pivampicillin and 3 times 50 mg/kg/day ampicillin, group II: 3 times 70 mg/kg/day pivampicillin and 3 times 150 mg/kg/day ampicillin; controls were inoculated three times daily with 1.0 ml physiological saline. A higher activity of pivampicillin was found in the first group as proved by bacterial counting in the left and the right renal parenchyma as well as in the urine. In the second group the efficacy of ampicillin was increased.

Administration, Oral↗