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Biomedical subjects

W Rose

Publications and source records attributed to W Rose.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Thymosin beta4 enhances endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis.

When human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) differentiate into capillary-like tubes, there is a five-fold upregulation of the mRNA for thymosin beta4 (Tbeta4) (Grant et al. J Cell Sci 1995; 108: 3685-94 [1]) and this endogenous expression plays an important role in endothelial cell attachment to and spreading on matrix components. We now show that exogenous addition of thymosin beta4 (in the ng-microg range) to HUVEC in culture can induce several biological responses. These responses include increased tube formation in vitro. Additionally, exogenous thymosin beta4 enhances vascular sprouting in the coronary artery ring angiogenesis assay. Measurements of these vascular sprouts show a doubling of the vessel area (via increased branching) with as little as 100 ng of synthetic thymosin beta4. These processes appear to involve the binding of thymosin beta4 to an unknown cell surface receptor and internalization of the protein. This cell surface-binding appears not to be mediated through the thymosin beta4-actin binding domain LKTET. An increase in thymosin beta4 cytoplasmic staining in HUVEC exposed 10 microg of the peptide appears to occur without increased mRNA translation. In summary Tbeta4 induces an increase in cell-matrix attachment, proliferation, tube formation, internalization of the peptide and rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton. The data now defines both an autocrine and paracrine role for thymosin beta4 in vessel formation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Neuropeptide Y: a novel angiogenic factor from the sympathetic nerves and endothelium.

Sympathetic nerves have long been suspected of trophic activity, but the nature of their angiogenic factor has not been determined. Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a sympathetic cotransmitter, is the most abundant peptide in the heart and the brain. It is released during nerve activation and ischemia and causes vasoconstriction and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Here we report the first evidence that NPY is angiogenic. At low physiological concentrations, in vitro, it promotes vessel sprouting and adhesion, migration, proliferation, and capillary tube formation by human endothelial cells. In vivo, in a murine angiogenic assay, NPY is angiogenic and is as potent as a basic fibroblast growth factor. The NPY action is specific and is mediated by Y1 and Y2 receptors. The expression of both receptors is upregulated during cell growth; however, Y2 appears to be the main NPY angiogenic receptor. Its upregulation parallels the NPY-induced capillary tube formation on reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel); the Y2 agonist mimics the tube-forming activity of NPY, whereas the Y2 antagonist blocks it. Endothelium contains not only NPY receptors but also peptide itself, its mRNA, and the "NPY-converting enzyme" dipeptidyl peptidase IV (both protein and mRNA), which terminates the Y1 activity of NPY and cleaves the Tyr1-Pro2 from NPY to form an angiogenic Y2 agonist, NPY3-36. Endothelium is thus not only the site of action of NPY but also the origin of the autocrine NPY system, which, together with the sympathetic nerves, may be important in angiogenesis during tissue development and repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The central New Jersey neonatal brain haemorrhage study: design of the study and reliability of ultrasound diagnosis.

Over a 34-month period, 1105 newborns weighing between 501 and 2000 g at birth were enrolled in a prospective study of the aetiology and consequences of neonatal brain haemorrhage. The three participating hospitals care for approximately 85% of births in the study weight range in Middlesex, Monmouth and Ocean counties, New Jersey. Cranial ultrasonographic imaging through the anterior fontanelle was carried out a mean age of 4.9 +/- 2.2 hours, 25.5 +/- 4.8 hours and 7.2 +/- 0.8 days to detect haemorrhage and other brain lesions. In 93.2% of study infants, scans were read by two independent expert readers (blind to the clinical status of the child) with submission of the scan to a third reader in cases of disagreement. Confirmation of both presence or absence and, when present, scan of first diagnosis of germinal matrix and/or intraventricular haemorrhage (GM/IVH) by two independent readers was achieved in 76.3% of study infants. The first two readers agreed as to presence or absence of GM/IVH in 82.4% of infants (Kappa = 0.56). Interobserver agreement was affected by the reported scan quality and by the number of scans available, but not by the hospital of origin, race or birthweight of the infant.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1989

[The secretory performance of eccrine sweat glands from the nephrologic viewpoint--II: Middle molecules].

By means of gel-chromatographic investigations in the serum, sweat, urine and ultrafiltrate of healthy test persons, patients with renal insufficiency at the stage of the compensated and decompensated retention and of patients undergoing dialysis in the eccrine sweat substances in the area of so-called molecules of medium size from 1,100 to 2,050 Dalton are made evident. On account of the well-known heterogeneity of the gel-chromatographically separated fraction the concentration of the molecules of medium size is not unequivocally to be determined. It is, judged according to the peak hights of the chromatograms, less than 1/12 of the concentrations in the serum and the urine, but approximately corresponds to the content in the ultrafiltrate of patients undergoing haemodialysis. In patients with renal diseases the secretory possibility of the eccrine sudoriferous gland for molecules of medium size is not disturbed. A compensatory increased secretion of medium-size molecules via sweat in chronic renal insufficiency is not to be proved. The method of the gel-chromatography and the importance of the medium-size molecules for the pathogenesis of uraemia are critically discussed.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1989

[Nail-patella syndrome].

In a case report the rare nail-patella-syndrome is presented. Typical and pathognomonic signs are: nail aplasia or dystrophy, iliac horns, hypoplasia or aplasia of the patellae, elbow dysplasia and a nephropathy with electron microscopic demonstrable collagen-like deposition in the glomerular basal membrane. The clinical relevance is determined by the course of the renal disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Nephrologic emergencies].

Nephrological emergencies are occurrences which may cause acute renal failure by various reasons. Useful support in diagnosis and introduction of treatment offers a classification in prerenal, renal and postrenal etiologic categories in which the prerenal type is most more frequent than the two others. Mitigated courses without decrease in urinary production are now observed increasingly. The clinical term acute emergency indicating a situation immediately life threatening refers in nephrology especially to pulmonary edema, hyperkalemia and hypertensive crisis respectively. Their life saving treatments are described.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

Interobserver variability in neonatal cranial ultrasonography.

The reliability of cranial ultrasound diagnosis in the premature neonate was examined using data from an ongoing multicentre study of the epidemiology and long-term consequences of neonatal brain haemorrhage. First week ultrasound films (obtained at 4 hours, 24 hours and 7 days) from 60 study subjects were randomly selected for independent review by two groups of experienced interpreters, and results were recorded separately for observations (i.e. presence or absence of an abnormal echodense area on a film) and interpretations (i.e. presence or absence of haemorrhage or ventricular dilatation) in each hemisphere. Because of deaths in the first week of life, the total number of films examined was 138. Concordance on the presence or absence of an abnormal echodensity was examined for each individual film for three areas of interest: the germinal matrix, the ventricles and the parenchyma. Concordance on the presence or absence of haemorrhage or ventricular dilatation was examined only for the seventh-day film, or the final film prior to death. Finally, concordance was analysed with the diagnostic interpretations grouped into categories thought to differ prognostically for long-term outcome. In general, concordance was poorest for germinal matrix lesions and best for parenchymal lesions. Concordance was lower for observations made on each individual film than it was for interpretation of the final film in each case. Fifty-five of 60 cases (92%) were assigned to the same major prognostic category by both readers. Ultrasound review conferences were held periodically and there was evidence that concordance in ultrasound reading and interpretation improved during the course of the study.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1988

[The elderly dialysis patient].

By the experience of two smaller dialysis centers the prognosis and problems of dialysis therapy in older patients are described. The age in the onset of dialysis treatment ranged from 45 to 54 years. In the beginning of dialysis the average life expectancy of older patients is markedly lower in comparison with younger patients, but remarkable in single cases with more than 4 and 5 years. The problems of adaptation and complications do require much attention and allowance. Contra-indications to dialysis therapy in older patients could not be explained. The demand for a stronger consideration of this patient group in planning of dialysis capacity is established through an international comparison and a possible rehabilitation of the patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of chronic renal failure associated with hereditary acroosteolysis by repeated hemodialysis].

We report the case of a 22-year old male patient with terminal renal failure consecutive to hereditary osteolysis affecting the tarsal and carpal bones associated with chronic glomerulonephritis. This is one of the first cases where prolonged survival was obtained by repeated haemodialysis and kidney transplantation. The various clinical features of this syndrome are described, together with its possible repercussions on bone abnormalities induced by repeated haemodialysis of kidney transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Secretory performance of eccrine sweat glands from the nephrologic viewpoint].

The question is of nephrological interest, whether the secretory product of eccrine sudoriferous glands apart from the well known function for thermoregulation is useful as excretory product for the therapy of renal insufficiency. In 17 healthy subjects and 39 patients with renal insufficiency thermal sweat was obtained by exposition in the sauna and four-tub bath. Control of the trainability of sweating in 23 patients during six weeks in the Kneipp cure sanatory. For the daily fluid balance remarkable quantities of sweat could be achieved. The sweat performance is trainable. The content of soluta in the sweat of patients with renal insufficiency surmounts that of healthy test persons. The excretion of nitrogen metabolites, electrolytes and acidity is quantitatively different and is analysed individually. Apart from the reliable methods of the conservative and invasive therapy of the uraemia the thermically stimulated sweating can be recommended as an adjuvant therapeutic regime.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗