Biomedical subjects

W Sanchez

Publications and source records attributed to W Sanchez.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Biochemical effects of nonylphenol polyethoxylate adjuvant, Diquat herbicide and their mixture on the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.).

This study examined the response of 7-ethoxyresorufine-O-deethylase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione content, level of thiobarbituric acid reactive compounds and circulating vitellogenin, in three-spined sticklebacks after 21 days of exposure to Diquat herbicide, commercial nonylphenol polyethoxylate adjuvant and mixture between Diquat and adjuvant. The results showed that adjuvant exerted more important oxidative effects than Diquat and that mixture effects were unlike to single additivity. This study argues for ecotoxicological risk assessment of adjuvants and mixtures of adjuvants and pesticides.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Impact assessment of various rearing systems on fish health using multibiomarker response and metal accumulation.

European sea bass were reared in three different systems: one flow-through (FTS), one recirculating (RAS), and one recirculating with a high-rate algae pond (RAS + HRAP). After 1 year of rearing, the final fish weight was 15% lower in the RAS compared to the FTS. The accumulation of a growth-inhibiting substance in the RAS is the main hypothesis explaining this difference. As in environmental risk assessment, fish bioaccumulation markers and biomarkers were used to demonstrate exposure to and effects of the rearing water in the three rearing systems. Thirty fish per system were sacrificed before their condition factor (CF) and liver somatic index (LSI) were calculated. Nine biomarkers, including ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were measured in liver and twelve metals including As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Zn, for which there are regulations regarding human consumption, were measured in liver and muscle. In all systems, CF and LSI were not significantly different and no correlation was found with biomarker activity or metal concentration. EROD and SOD activities were significantly increased in RAS. Accumulation of seven and four metals in muscle and liver, respectively, was significantly higher in the RAS relative to FTS. The HRAP prevented metal accumulation except for chromium and arsenic. Eight metal concentrations were significantly higher in liver than in muscle. Concentrations of toxic metals were similar to reported values and below FAO/WHO recommended values for human consumption.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Calciphylaxis causing necrotizing mastitis: a case report.

Calciphylaxis is a rare condition most commonly related to ESRD and hyperparathyroidism. We report a case of necrotizing mastitis caused by calciphylaxis following routine breast biopsy for microcalcifications. Early recognition of the potential for this condition should help in clinical management of patients with calciphylaxis.

Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

Israeli families immigration and intercultural issues: challenges to mental health counselors.

Israeli families who immigrate to the United States present certain sociocultural issues that need to be recognized in order to provide culturally relevant, respectful and empowering mental health counseling. Israeli families are further situated within the complex social, cultural, economic and political context of Jews in the United States, who are themselves rarely recognized as a minority group. The purpose of this article is to present some major themes observed in working with Israeli families. A brief case example and analysis are presented, along with some general guidelines for counselors working with Israeli families.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1998

Effect of anionic salts on selenium metabolism in nonlactating, pregnant dairy cows.

The objective of this trial was to determine whether anionic salts in the diets of nonlactating, pregnant cows for 14 to 21 d prepartum affected measures of Se status. One of three dietary treatments (control, anionic salts, and anionic salts plus Se) was administered to 34 nonlactating, pregnant cows using a completely randomized design with repeated measures. The anionic salts were delivered via gelatin capsules that were administered orally in two equal amounts per day, and the Se (3 mg/d) was administered via an intraruminal bolus. The incidence of milk fever among cows was not significantly different across dietary treatments. The severity of hypocalcemia as indicated by concentrations of ionized Ca in serum collected < 2 h postpartum was significantly lessened by dietary anionic salts. Supplementation of anionic salts to the diet did not significantly affect serum Ca concentrations at either 7 d prepartum or 7 d postpartum. Anionic salts did not affect concentrations of Se in blood; however, Se supplementation of the diets of cows significantly increased postpartum concentrations of Se in serum. No treatment effects were detected for concentrations of Se in either serum or whole blood of newborn calves. In conclusion, these data indicate that diets supplemented with anionic salts for 14 to 21 d prepartum and the supplementation of diets with Se had independent effects on concentrations of minerals in blood. Thus, anionic salts administered to prevent milk fever without danger of significantly reducing the transfer of Se from the dam to the calf and without compromising the Se status of the cow when the anionic salts are limited to administration for 14 to 21 d before calving.

Ammonium Chloride↗

PubMed1996

[Vaginal evisceration following radiotherapy and surgery for cervico-uterine cancer. Report of a case].

A 60-year-old woman with past history of perineorrhaphy due to vaginal prolapse; squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix stage IIB, treated with radiation theraphy at doses of 7500 rads administered as teletherapy and brachytherapy with Cesium 137. Ten weeks later a Piver II hysterectomy was performed, her posoperative morbidity was a vaginal abscess. Twelve years later, she developed a pulmonary metastasis. One year thereafter she had vaginal discharge of cetrinous fluid and prolapse of greater omentum through the vagina. She was treated by a midle exploratory celiotomy, primary closure of the vaginal defect and the pelvic floor was covered with an omental pedicle flap. The postoperative period was unremarkable.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Modified clearing technique to identify lymph node metastases in post-irradiated surgical specimens from rectal adenocarcinoma.

The aim of this study is to describe a modification of the original method of clearing lymph nodes in specimens from rectal adenocarcinoma and its yield in comparison to a control group whose specimens were studied by a manual technique. There were 32 consecutive patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. All patients received preoperative radiation therapy (PRT) at doses of 45 Gy, concomitant with 5-fluorouracil at the doses of 450 mg/m2 IV bolus, days 1-5 and 28-33 of PRT; 4-8 weeks later radical surgery with a curative intent was performed. Twenty two specimens were studied by a manual technique consisting of fixation in 10% formalin. Ten specimens were studied with the modified clearing technique consisting of administration through the inferior mesenteric artery of methylene blue; fixation with 10% formalin plus 0.01% of methylene blue; clearing the fat with a sequence of 95% alcohol-100% acetone-100% xylene. In the 32 specimens, 413 lymph nodes were found. Using the manual technique 104 lymph nodes were found (average 4.7 lymph nodes per specimen); 309 lymph nodes by the modified clearing technique (average 30.9 lymph nodes per specimen), (p < 0.0001). Using the manual technique 23 out of 104 lymph nodes (22%) contained metastases. All metastatic lymph nodes measured > 5 mm; 18 out of 23 metastatic lymph nodes were located on the perirectal area (level 2); and five were located in the root of the inferior mesenteric artery (level 5). Using the modified clearing technique 278 out of 309 (89%) lymph nodes measured < 5 mm; 15 out of 309 (4.8%) lymph nodes contained metastases; 9 out of 15 (60%) measured > 5 mm and were located on levels 2 and 5; and six, located on level 5, measured < 5 mm. The modified clearing technique is a quick, easy and reproducible method for identifying lymph nodes in post-irradiated surgical specimens. In comparison to the traditional manual method of searching for lymph nodes, it improves in the detection of small lymph nodes (< 5 mm), allowing better staging in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Impaired phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus in complete tetraplegics.

Accumulating evidence implicates the sympathetic nervous system as a modulator of immune function. Immune alteration has been observed in survivors of cervical level spinal cord injury, possibly because of dysregulation of the sympathetic outflow tracts. The majority of immune studies in the spinal cord-injured population have focused on lymphocytes. Because of the high incidence of infections in this population, we hypothesized that the immune alteration would extend to the cells of the myeloid lineage. This hypothesis was tested by analyzing the phagocytic and bactericidal function of circulating neutrophils in response to Staphylococcus aureus. A group of ten individuals with complete cervical spinal cord injury, a group of eight paraplegics with injuries below the majority of sympathetic outflow (T-10 and below), and age- and gender-matched controls for each subject were studied. In addition, a psychiatric screening for depression was completed by all subjects and controls. Paired t test revealed significantly impaired phagocytic ability in the tetraplegic group compared with their controls. The paraplegic group did not demonstrate these findings. Our results suggest that individuals who have sustained complete cervical spinal cord injury have alteration in immune function compared with neurologically intact controls, whereas those with lesions at or below T-10 do not. This in vitro finding may be related to infection after cervical spinal cord injury. The mechanism may involve dysregulation of the sympathetic arm of the autonomic nervous system.

Adult↗