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Biomedical subjects

W Saunders

Publications and source records attributed to W Saunders.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic injections of naloxone or naltrexone suppress the acute food intake of food-deprived rats.

Experiments were conducted to determine the anorexigenic effects of ventromedial (VMH) and lateral hypothalamic (LH) injections of the mu-opiate receptor antagonists, naloxone and naltrexone, on food-deprived (20 h) rats. Lever pressing to obtain food pellets was measured in groups of hungry, male Sprague-Dawley rats following VMH, LH or subcutaneous (SC) injections of saline, naloxone or naltrexone. VMH injections of either narcotic antagonist (5 and 10 micrograms/microliter) and LH injections of naloxone (5 and 10 micrograms/microliter) decreased the total 90-min food intake, compared to saline controls, due to suppressed feeding especially during the initial 30-min interval. Rats given SC injections of naloxone (10 mg/kg) also decreased their food intake compared to amounts eaten after SC saline was given. Decrements in food consumption relative to saline controls were similar following VMH or LH administration of naloxone. Moreover, the anorexia observed following VMH naloxone administration was similar to that found after VMH injections of equal doses of naltrexone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Helium ion therapy for choroidal melanoma.

Eighty-two patients with choroidal melanomas were treated with helium ion charged particle irradiation. Seventy-eight of 82 patients have either remained stable or demonstrated tumor shrinkage. Forty-five of 46 patients followed for at least 1 year after therapy have demonstrated tumor regression with a mean tumor shrinkage of approximately 31%. No tumor-related mortality has been observed. The most effective method of choroidal melanoma management is unclear. Charged particle external beam irradiation may be more applicable and have less ocular morbidity than either radioactive plaques or photocoagulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Small-cell lung cancer: initial treatment with sequential hemi-body irradiation VS 3-drug systemic chemotherapy.

The therapeutic value of sequential hemi-body irradiation (HBI) as a primary treatment for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) was compared to 3-drug cyclic chemotherapy (CC) in a group of 64 patients with early and advanced disease. Thirty patients were randomized to receive sequential HBI and 34 to receive CC. All patients received a local radiation boost to the primary lesion. An overall response rate of 87% was obtained in patients treated with sequential HBI and 88% in patients treated with CC. In patients with early disease, the estimated median survival was 43 weeks when treated with HBI and 42 weeks when treated with CC, but in advanced disease the estimated median survival was 15 weeks and 44 weeks respectively. Of the patients with an initial complete response, the estimated median survival was 51 weeks for HBI and 62 weeks for CC. From these observations we suggest that sequential HBI treatment technique with local radiation boost is an efficient method of tumour control in patients with early small-cell lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Thyroid carcinoma after high-dose external radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease: report of three cases.

Three patients (two female and one male), who had received mantle irradiation for Hodgkin's disease eight, ten, and twelve years previously, developed papillary thyroid carcinoma. The radiation doses to the necks overlying the site of thyroid cancers were 3000, 4000, and 4100 rads, respectively. It has been stated that there is no risk of developing thyroid cancer with such high doses of external irradiation but apparently this complication will be encountered in a small number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Benign parotid enlargement in bulimia.

Bulimia is an episodic compulsive urge to overeat often followed by recurrent attempts to lose weight by self-induced vomiting. Seven young women with this eating disorder and associated benign bilateral painless parotid enlargement are described. The glandular swelling was generally intermittent, with parotid enlargement usually developing 2 to 6 days after a binge overeating episode had stopped. Several had hypokalemic alkalosis and a moderate elevation in serum amylase levels. None had clinical evidence of pancreatitis, and a parotid gland biopsy in one patient was normal. The clinician should be alerted to the association of benign parotid enlargement with this syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Domiciliary detoxification: a cost effective alternative to inpatient treatment.

In this study, 20 subjects who had home detoxification with supervision and support from the Western Australian Alcohol and Drug Authority Community Nursing Service were matched with 20 subjects who had inpatient detoxification in the Authority's detoxification facility. Subjects were interviewed between nine and 22 months (mean 15.5 months) after detoxification to compare client outcomes and the costs of home and inpatient detoxification. The results indicate that, for suitable clients, home detoxification was at least as beneficial as inpatient detoxification and that it was achieved at a much lower cost than inpatient care.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗