PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Schreml

Publications and source records attributed to W Schreml.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Growth of tumour-cell colonies from human solid tumours (author's transl)].

In-vitro growth of tumour-cell colonies of various human solid carcinomas was investigated. Cell-colony formation in-vitro was achieved from single cells in 46 of 81 tumour specimens. The proportion of tumour-cell colonies per number of cultured tumour cells ("cloning efficiency") thus was 1-8 per 1000. Tumour-cell colonies of various carcinomas differed in their morphological appearance, with characteristic cytological in-vitro. Growth of tumour-cell colonies opens up the possibility of performing cytostatic drug sensitivity tests on defined tumour-cell populations of a given individual tumour. Under the influence of various cytostatic drugs tumour-cell colony numbers could be reduced by more than 30% in 27 of 46 tested carcinomas compared with untreated controls.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1982

Adjuvant intermittent chemoimmunotherapy for primary breast cancer: a prospective study with immunologic follow-up.

In an interdisciplinary prospective study 50 patients surgically treated for breast cancer were treated with six monthly courses of aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy (adriamycin and cyclophosphamide) and were randomized to receive either immunotherapy with levamisole or no additional therapy. Probability of disease-free survival for the whole group is 54.9% at 42 months. There was no noticeable difference in disease-free survival for either pre- and postmenopausal women or for patients treated with or without levamisole. The addition of levamisole had no effect on the depression of in vitro immunologic functions during chemotherapy.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1982

Short-term and long-term effects of chemoimmunotherapy on granulopoiesis: adjuvant therapy of breast cancer.

The effect of adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy on normal human granulopoiesis has been studied. The short-term pattern of hemopoietic depletion and regeneration confirms that human bone marrow shows reaction to cytotoxic agents similarly to that observed in animal experiments. A regenerative response to the drug-induced depletion of the committed stem cell compartment occurs very early, thus suggesting local CFUC population size control of negative feedback from the early granulocytic compartments. Levamisole in that particular regimen did not influence the reaction pattern of granulopoiesis following cytotoxic drug exposure. A model of quantitative evaluation leads to a description of compartment changes which is compatible with the concepts of hemopoietic reaction to cytotoxic drugs. Of particular importance to the planning of adjuvant therapy is the observation of a long-term defect of granulopoiesis after discontinuation of chemotherapy. Studies like those presented here should be performed on any regimen of adjuvant therapy to select the least toxic regimen when several cytotoxic combinations with similar activities are available.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and BCNU chemotherapy in gastric cancer: 3-year results.

One hundred-three patients with a potentially curative operation of a histologically proven gastric cancer were randomly assigned to a control and chemotherapy group after stratification according to tumor stage II and III. Chemotherapy courses with 5-fluorouracil (10 mg/kg/day) and BCNU (40 mg/m2/day) for 5 days were administered eight times in 6-8 week intervals. Age, sex, and tumor location were matched in the chemotherapy and control groups. Five patients declined treatment after randomization. Three years after initiating the study, the tumor has recurred in 38 of the 103 patients. There were 21 recurrences of 54 controls and 14 recurrences of 44 patients who received chemotherapy, and 17 and ten deaths, respectively, due to tumor relapse. The results of our study to data show a high degree of statistical probability that adjuvant chemotherapy with the regime used has no influence on the recurrence-free interval and survival time in gastric cancer.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1982

Attempt at quantification of the cytotoxic drug-induced changes of the human bone marrow compartments.

In order to describe the changes of the human bone marrow compartments after repeated courses of adriamycin/cyclophosphamide in quantitative terms, 2 methods have been studied for their usefulness as indices of bone marrow cellularity: cell counts per ml of bone marrow aspirates obtained under standardized conditions, and cell counts per microliter of bone marrow spicules evaluated by morphometric techniques. Applied to a sufficiently large group of patients, both methods were useful to describe the cytotoxic drug-induced changes of the bone marrow compartments in accordance with the following indirect criteria: (a) the results in man are quite compatible with the changes of haematopoiesis described in animal experiments after cytotoxic drugs; (b) the changes of the peripheral blood cell pools - PMN and reticulocytes -, which can be assessed quantitatively, correspond to the changes of the respective bone marrow pools as determined by the described indices of cellularity; (c) this quantitative description of drug-induced changes in the human bone marrow compartments yields 'reasonable' results on the basis of both the mechanism of action of the cytotoxic drugs employed and the kinetics of the haematopoietic system studied.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1982

5-Fluorouracil, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea: effect on the human granulopoietic system.

The reaction pattern of the normal (nonleukemic) human granulopoietic system to single-agent treatment with 5-fluorouracil (FUra) and to a combination of FUra with two nitrosoureas, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (MeCCNU), was studied serially by morphologic and in vitro culture methods. The granulopoietic toxicity of FUra was acute and rapidly (by day 21) reversible. In contrast, the toxicity of the combination regimens was long lasting. Evidence exists that an early toxicity (that of FUra) and a delayed toxicity (that of the nitrosourea) were overlapping. Toxicity of BCNU and MeCCNU was most pronounced at the level of in vitro colony-forming units of the granulopoietic system (G-CFUc). G-CFUc compartments of bone marrow and peripheral blood continued to be reduced in size at the time of recovery of the peripheral blood granulocyte count from nitrosourea-induced toxicity. This finding may be responsible for the cumulative toxicity to the human hematopoietic system that frequently has been observed after repeated administration of nitrosourea compounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Heterogeneity in growth pattern and drug sensitivity of primary tumor and metastases in the human tumor colony-forming assay.

The human tumor colony-forming assay was used to compare primary tumors with their metastases. Cell suspensions were prepared from 38 primary tumors and from metastases taken simultaneously from the same patient. Considerable differences were observed. Cloning efficiency was significantly higher in the cell suspensions taken from metastases than from material from the primary tumor. In 10 paired samples which allowed in vitro drug sensitivity testing, the data showed no satisfactory correlation in resistance of sensitivity to cytostatic drugs between primary tumor and metastases. The regression coefficient calculated for the different cytostatic agents (Adriamycin, bis(chloro)ethylnitrosourea, 5-fluorouracil, 4-hydroxyperoxycyclophosphamide) varied between 0.02 and 0.1. The results indicate that experiments designed to analyze chemosensitivity of tumor cells in the tumor colony-forming assay should be interpreted with caution. In particular, in vitro sensitivity data obtained from the primary tumor may have severe limitations in planning treatment of metastatic disease.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Drug therapy for pain in cancer patients].

The treatment of chronic pain in cancer patients with analgesic drugs has been evaluated from the records of 70 hospital admissions. Frequently, dose, timing and mode of prescription did not correspond to the requirements for treating this condition, which are derived from pathophysiological and pharmacological consideration. The reported experience stresses the importance of principles in analgesic therapy for chronic cancer pain, in particular, regular and sufficient medication to relieve pain as well as anxious expectation of pain, and restraint from placebo medication.

Analgesics↗