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Biomedical subjects

W Seitz

Publications and source records attributed to W Seitz.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Endocurie therapy of breast cancer III. Concept and method at the Radiotherapy University Hospital, Vienna--Initial results].

We recently introduced the implantation of Iridium 192 as a method of local treatment of breast cancer in Austria. The afterloading technique is described. This modality should be used as a boost to the "high-risk" areas following conservative breast surgery and combined with megavoltage external irradiation. Interstitial implantation may also be used as a primary form of treatment. A report on 35 patients is presented, 25 of whom underwent a curative schedule for T1-2, N0-1 tumors. 10 patients were treated individually. The aesthetic results are very pleasing. There were no severe complications and no early local recurrences. The interpretation of the results can be only in the form of trends because of the short follow-up time of 1 year.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1984

Cardiac valve orifice equation independent of valvular flow intervals: application to mitral valve area computation in mitral stenosis and comparison with the Gorlin formula and direct anatomical measurements.

An orifice equation is developed which relates the effective mitral valve area (A), the average mitral valve pressure gradient (dP), the cardiac output (Q) and the heart frequency (f) through considerations of momentum conservation across the mitral valve. The form of the new equation is A = (4.75 X 10(-5)Qf/dP, where A, Q, and dP are expressed in cm2, ml X min-1 and mmHg respectively. Mitral valve areas computed with the new orifice formula are found to correlate with those computed by the Gorlin formula in conditions of equilibrium associated with the resting state at a level of r = 0.95, SE = 0.15 cm2, with autopsy measurements at a level of r = 0.85, SE = 0.18 cm2 and with direct anatomical measurements of excised valves at a level of r = 0.78, SE = 0.41 cm2. The results suggest that the new formula may be considered as an independent orifice equation enjoying a similar domain of validity as the Gorlin formula. The new equation offers the possibility of deriving additional useful haemodynamic relationships when used in combination with established cardiological formulas.

Hemodynamics↗
PubMed1984

[Modification of cardiac circulation and respiratory parameters by alfentanil].

In 93 patients (ASA I) undergoing orthopaedic operations respiratory and haemodynamic effects of alfentanil (steady state: spontaneous breathing halothane, N2O/O2) were measured. After injection of alfentanil apnoea was found be readily antagonized by Naloxone. A significant decrease of arterial pressure and heart rate occurred simultaneously independent of dose level. The decrease of arterial pressure could be prevented by pre-injection of atropine. Therefore an increased vagal tone must be responsible for depression of haemodynamic parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Therapeutic use of amezinium methylsulfate--a new, long acting, sympathomimetic--in paraspinal conduction anesthesia].

Cardiovascular effects of the new sympathomimetic ameziniummetilsulphate were investigated in 25 patients compared with a control group (n = 25). During spinal/epidural anaesthesia 5 mg amezinium was given i.v. if blood pressure dropped greater than 20 mmHg. from starting-point. A significant recovery of blood pressure (epidural anaesthesia: syst 21%, diast 9%; spinal anaesthesia: syst 13%, diast 6.6%) and a decrease in heart rate (6.8% resp. 4,5%) were thought due to peripheral vasoconstriction. Amezinium proved a stimulating drug for alpha- and beta 1-receptors by stabilising the systemic blood pressure in spinal/epidural anaesthesia.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1983

Method for computation of cardiac output in mitral stenosis independent of left ventricular dimensions and kinetic state: correlation with cardiac catheterization via the Fick method.

An hydraulic orifice formula offering the possibility of quantifying cardiac output in conditions of mitral stenosis is tested using potentially noninvasive portions of catheterization data from patients evaluated for obstructive mitral valve disease. The equation studied is V = (1/21) R A T2, where V is the cardiac output (ml/min), R is the heart frequency, A is the mitral valve area (cm2), and T is the diastolic filling interval (sec/min). The mitral valve area was determined by the Gorlin formula, and R and T were measured from the pressure tracings recorded at cardiac catheterization. The degree of correspondence between the equation tested and the measured cardiac output as determined by the Fick principle technique is characterized by r = 0.87, SE = 450 ml/min, N = 10. The results suggest that the new formulation may offer a noninvasive method for estimating the cardiac output status of patients with mitral valve disease once mitral valve area is measured either at catheterization or by two-dimensional echocardiography.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

[Behavior of central venous pressure in different types of anesthesia under the administration of various coagulation inhibiting substances].

In a prospective study right atrial pressures and parameters of blood coagulation were monitored during anaesthesia and postoperatively in 60 surgical patients. 30 patients received spinal anaesthesia. 30 patients were intubated for general anaesthesia. One third of the patients in each group were injected with heparindihydroergotamine s.c., another third was infused with dextran 6% 500 ml, the remainder received no medication. Following dihydroergotamine s.c., right atrial pressures were increased, due to raised venous vascular tonicity and augmented venous return, which causes enddiastolic ventricular volume to rise. Dextran 500 ml had the same effect in right atrial pressures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Changes in ventricle dynamic data in geriatric patients during spinal anesthesia. Results of a polymechanocardiographic study].

Systolic time intervals were performed in 14 elderly patients after spinal anaesthesia. The following parameters were measured or calculated: Heart rate (HR), total electromechanical systole (QS2), pre ejection period (PEP), isometric contraction time (ICT), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), 1/PEP2, PEP/LVET and pdiast/RS1. There was a significant increase of the relation of the pre ejection period to left ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET), while there were lower values for 1/PEP2 and pdiast/RS1 ratio. The data suggest that compensatory cardiac activity following spinal anaesthesia in geriatric patients is remarkable diminished in contrast to young people.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Sonographic determination of the irradiated pulmonary volume in case of irradiation of the thoracic wall].

In order to determine the irradiated pulmonary volume, comparative examinations by sonography and computed tomography were made in ten patients submitted to postoperative radiotherapy for mammary carcinoma. The physical and anatomical conditions of sonographic volumetry are discussed. In all cases irradiated with tangential contralateral fields, the irradiated pulmonary volume was less than 200 ccm (118 ccm on an average). The sonographic results did not differ essentially from those of computed tomography, so that the sonographic examination can be offered as a simple and sufficiently precise method of documentation within the frame of an individual therapy planning.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Maxillo-facial radiotherapy with moulds (author's transl)].

Intracavitary oral radiotherapy with moulds is indicated for superficial tumours and subclinical disease in combination with percutaneous irradiation. Large tumours do not get a satisfactory dose distribution for adequate treatment.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1982

[Surgical treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers in the elderly (author's transl)].

In the last 12 years, 239 patients over 65 years old with gastroduodenal ulcers have been operated on in the Surgical Clinic of the University of Mainz. The main indication was gastric ulcer (n = 161), followed by duodenal ulcer (n = 78), including an emergency operation in the event of bleeding and perforation. Mortality was 6.5% in patients with uncomplicated ulcers, 27.7% in those with complications. Billroth I or II stomach resection was performed most frequently. The perforation was oversewn, the abdomen washed and drained. Selective proximal vagotomy is a first-choice method only in the treatment of the uncomplicated duodenal ulcer. Operative results can be considerably improved by operating early on uncomplicated gastroduodenal ulcers. After the appearance of complications, the principles for surgery on old people should be closely observed, i.e. an operation as minor, short and safe as possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Cellular responses to extreme water loss: the water-replacement hypothesis.

The previously advanced hypothesis that desiccation resistance involves the replacement of water adjacent to intracellular surfaces with polyhydroxy compounds has been supported by experiments on cysts of the brine shrimp, Artemia, and in a model system of albumin--glycerol--water, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, microwave dielectrics, and density measurements. We have also considered other problems that cells face when large fractions of their total water content are removed. Observations by other investigators have indicated that a variety of mammalian cells can lose roughly 50% of their water and survive; for a given cell type death occurs if its volume is reduced below a certain minimum level. Membrane damage has previously been suggested to be a major cause of dehydration damage. We have proposed some additional plausible mechanisms that might also be involved.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

[Gastric bypass in incurable esophageal cancer].

Between 1977 and 1981, 70 patients were treated for esophageal carcinoma; 45 carcinomas were considered to be unresectable. In 11 of the 45, the site and stage of the tumor and the physical condition of the patient permitted palliative treatment with retrosternal gastric bypass. One patient died postoperatively. A gastric bypass enabled the remaining 10 patients to swallow normally and therefore led to significantly better quality of life. Only two patients survived for more than 1 year, the longest survival time being 15 months till now.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Endocrine reaction pattern in the course of a one-phase tramadol-N2O combination anesthesia].

The effects of Tramadol-N2O-anaesthesia on the per- and postoperative change in blood concentrations of cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, cyclic AMP, glucagon, antidiuretic hormone, PTH-peptide (44-68), glucose, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acids (FFA) were investigated in connection with elective orthopaedic surgery. Anaesthesia in man with Tramadol and nitrous oxide were found to be associated with a significant elevation of plasma cortisol and plasma prolactin in man. However, cortisol secretion during anaesthesia is associated with an inhibition in T4-T3 conversion. No significant alterations in plasma glucagon concentrations were observed. Generally, surgical trauma induced a significant increase in plasma cyclic AMP with intraoperative levels between 26.4 and 34.3 pmol/ml. At the end of surgery a significant fall in plasma PTH-peptide (44-68) occurred. There was also a significant change in plasma ADH levels following induction of anaesthesia. During surgery we found plasma ADH levels up to 56 pg/ml. In addition stress and surgical trauma increased blood glucose and FFA while plasma pyruvate and plasma lactate nearly remained unchanged. The data would suggest that the non-specific stress response attributed to anaesthesia may in fact be reflecting a response to relatively light anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Preliminary studies on iodine administration during parenteral nutrition].

Iodine deficiency is the main cause of endemic goiter. To estimate the iodine supply during parenteral nutrition, the iodine content of some important solutions used for infusions and routine parenteral nutrition has been assessed. It varied from 21 micrograms I/l to 68 micrograms I/l and is considered to be sufficient to supply the daily iodine requirement.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Haemodynamic effects of fentanyl in man during cardiac surgery (author's transl)].

In 93 cardiac patients the effects of low, mean and high fentanyl dosage--0.003 mg/kg, 0.015 mg/kg and 0.03 mg/kg--on haemodynamics, inotropic state and myocardial oxygen consumption were investigated during surgical procedures under basic neuroleptanalgesia. There was an increase in heart rate with the low fentanyl dosage, whereas mean and high doses lowered heart rate. Decreases in arterial pressure, left ventricular pressure, and perfusion pressure during extracorporal circulation as well are interpreted as peripheral vasodilatory effects. Most of the measured and calculated hemodynamic parameters such as PAP, dp/dtmax, CI, TSR decreased. There was, however, no decrease in myocardial contractility, when considering changes in heart rate, pre- and after-load and dp/dtmax. The decrease in heart work and myocardial oxygen consumption may be of advantage especially in patients with coronary heart disease.

Animals↗