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Biomedical subjects

W Straub

Publications and source records attributed to W Straub.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Computed tomography in the evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma.

The role of computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of victims of blunt abdominal trauma remains controversial. This study was done to assess the reliability of CT in the evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma at our institution, to determine if the incidence of nontherapeutic laparotomy has decreased with the use of CT scan and to review the time necessary to complete the scans. Of the 325 patients studied, 37 per cent were found to have abdominal injury on CT scan. Thirty patients required laparotomy; ten of these were nontherapeutic. Excluding transport time, abdominal CT scan required 55 +/- 20 minutes to complete. Abdominal CT was accurate when read by attending physicians (97.5 per cent). Major shortcomings included the commitment of time and personnel, transfer of the patient from a critical care area and reliance on experienced interpretation.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1990

The ophthalmology of Fabricius Hildanus in the 17th century.

Wilhelm Fabricius, born in Hilden, near Düsseldorf, (Fabricius Hildanus) lived from 1560 until 1634. He had been working as physician and surgeon in Switzerland. He left a voluminous literature posthumously edited as 'Opera observationum et curationum medicochirurgicarum'. It is a compendium of 600 extremely interesting pathological cases, some of them in form of letters to close colleagues. Ophthalmology is represented by quite a big chapter, one of them reports a successfully performed exenteratio orbitae because of a tumor. Further parts, for example, describe special ophthalmic twizzers with certain fixing mechanisms and some kind of an operation table equipped by an adjustable prop for the operator's arm. Fabricius points out that after perforation of the eye the loss of aqueous humour is not consequently noxious. He, too, demonstrates the treatment of a symblepharon and describes amongst other therapies the first successful magnetic extraction of an iron foreign body out of the eye in ophthalmic history.

Germany↗
PubMed1990

[Prophylaxis of cystoid macular edema after cataract surgery. Observation of an application of Chibro-Amuno].

Report on the safety and efficacy of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor Chibro-Amuno 3 for the prevention of cystoid macular edema in 1,263 eyes operated on for cataracts by 70 different surgeons. The patients received the preparation from the day before the operation up to 12 weeks after. The number of women who underwent surgery was nearly twice as high as that of men. There was a frequency peak in age between 75 and 84 years. In 88.5% of all patients, removal of the lens was followed by implantation of an artificial lens, most commonly by a posterior-chamber lens. Extracapsular extraction was performed on nearly 70% of the eyes. Following intracapsular extraction, no artificial lens was implanted in only 13% of the cases. Complications occurred most frequently after phacoemulsification. Cystoid macular edema was found in only 17 patients (1.34%), and a related loss of vision occurred in 2 eyes. Preoperative risk factors appear to have played a role in the development of cystoid macular edema. We observed that it is more likely to develop after intracapsular than after extracapsular extraction. Furthermore, the risk increases with increasing surgery time, and a correlation exists between operation-related complications and the development of Irvine-Gass syndrome. Side effects were observed in 10% of the cases, most of them conjunctival complaints. Corneal damage attributed to Chibro-Amuno 3 healed without complications. Overall, the safety of the preparation is judged to be good.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Therapy of corneal erosions and 'dry eye' with Solcoseryl and Vitasic eye drops.

A comparative study of Solcoseryl eye drops versus Vitasic eye drops has been carried out under controlled conditions (randomized and double-blind) on a total of 94 patients. 52 had corneal erosion, 30 had dry eye syndrome, 8 cases could not be evaluated. In addition, 2 eyes with photophthalmia were treated with Vitasic and 2 showing keratitis with Solcoseryl. There were no adverse reactions other than 2 instances of stinging with Solcoseryl and 1 case of severe irritation after Vitasic. The patients were examined on days 0, 1, 3 and 7. Results showed a consistent superiority of Solcoseryl eye drops in respect to speed of healing of corneal erosions and moistening of the cornea in the 'dry eye' syndrome which reached statistical significance in some parameters.

Actihaemyl↗
PubMed1984

Our experience with Solcoseryl Eye-Gel in the treatment of corneal lesions. A randomised double-blind study (with 1 color plate).

A comparative study of Solcoseryl Eye-Gel versus a 2.4% cysteine eye-gel was carried out under controlled conditions (randomised and double-blind) on a total of 61 patients with corneal lesions (52 foreign body injuries, 9 corneal erosions). The results showed a marked superiority of Solcoseryl Eye-Gel with respect to more rapid healing and also with respect to the possible subsequent development of a corneal macula.

Actihaemyl↗
PubMed1984

Accuracy of computerized tomography in determining hepatic tumor size in patients receiving liver transplantation or resection.

Computerized tomography (CT) of liver is used in oncologic practice for staging tumors, evaluating response to treatment, and screening patients for hepatic resection. Because of the impact of CT liver scan on major treatment decisions, it is important to assess its accuracy. Patients undergoing liver transplantation or resection provide a unique opportunity to test the accuracy of hepatic-imaging techniques by comparison of findings of preoperative CT scan with those at gross pathologic examination of resected specimens. Forty-one patients who had partial hepatic resection (34 patients) or liver transplantation (eight patients) for malignant (30 patients) or benign (11 patients) tumors were evaluable. Eight (47%) of 17 patients with primary malignant liver tumors, four (31%) of 13 patients with metastatic liver tumors, and two (20%) of 10 patients with benign liver tumors had tumor nodules in resected specimens that were not apparent on preoperative CT studies. These nodules varied in size from 0.1 to 1.6 cm. While 11 of 14 of these nodules were less than 1.0 cm, three of 14 were greater than 1.0 cm. These results suggest that conventional CT alone may be insufficient to accurately determine the presence or absence of liver metastases, extent of liver involvement, or response of hepatic metastases to treatment.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1983

[Prevention of cystoid macular edema using indomethacin eye drops].

The effect of 1% Indomethacine solution on the development of post-operative macular edema was examined. Starting from the day of the operation, the patients received 1 drop of either the solution or the placebo 4 times daily for 3 months. Using fluorescein angiography it was demonstrated that post-operative macular edema developed with a significantly lower incidence in patients treated with the prostaglandine inhibitor Indomethacin than in the control group. There was no noticeable difference between the 2 groups with regard to side-effects.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1982

Radiation and risk for thyroid cancer: atypical findings of a community thyroid recall program.

Screening of 553 persons for thyroid disease by scan and physical exam was performed. Group I (245) had documented irradiation, with most (85%) receiving 300 R for lymphoid hyperplasia. Group II (308) had only a history of prior irradiation. Abnormal glands were found in 17 of 245 (7%) of Group I with 7 of 245 (3%) having nodular disease. No cancers were found in six of eight (75%) persons with nodular disease having surgery. Abnormal glands were found in 45/308 (14.6%) of Group II with 16/308 (5.2%) having nodular disease. Twelve of 16 (75%) with nodular disease from Group II had surgery and three thyroid cancers were found; in addition, one person from this group had a history of prior surgery for thyroid cancer. The incidence of thyroid cancer in Group I was 0%, Group II was 1.3%, and the combined incidence was 0.7%. The relatively low incidence of thyroid cancer observed is attributed to the relatively late average age at time of irradiation; 22 years for Group 1, 13 years for Group II.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1981

[Steroid withdrawal syndrome. A current problem of outpatient medicine].

In contrast to a widespread belief, the authors consider a single measurement of serum cortisol concentration in the early morning to be a reliable and simple outpatient screening method for detecting spontaneous or iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency. In patients on steroids the method allows detection of iatrogenic damage to the adrenals while steroid therapy is still continuing. Important guidelines for the conduct of a planned attempt to withdraw steroids can thus be obtained. Routine use of early morning cortisol measurements has greatly improved clinical knowledge about the multifaceted steroid-withdrawal syndromes (SWS). The symptoms of classical adrenal insufficiency in the form of SWS are described, as are the often atypical signs and symptoms occurring when the disease initially calling for steroid treatment is still active during attempts to lower the therapeutic dose. In addition, attention is drawn to SWS due to psychological causes.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1980

Electroresection of the prostate in patients treated with heparin.

A comparison was made of blood loss under controlled heparinization and that occurring under normal conditions during electroresection of the prostate. Mean blood loss in patients treated with heparin amounted to 429.4 +/- 524.8 ml. and in the control group it was 391.8 +/- 451.4 ml. The difference is not significant. Therefore, a transurethral operation does not require interruption of anticoagulation therapy in cardiovascular patients.

Anticoagulants↗