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Biomedical subjects

W T Butler

Publications and source records attributed to W T Butler.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The carbohydrate composition of experimental salivary pellicles.

The carbohydrate compositions of pellicles formed in vivo and others formed in vitro from submandibular, parotid, and mixed (submandibular-parotid) saliva were determined using gas-liquid chromatography. Samples of the total pellicles as well as the relatively acid-soluble supernates and acid-insoluble sediments were collected, analyzed, and compared. The differences in carbohydrates composition between the supernates and sediments, particularly in the in vivo and in vitro mixed salivary pellicles, suggest that the total pellicle is composed of more than one component. In each instance obvious differences in composition between th pellicle and the saliva from which it was formed indicated that pellicle formation is a highly selective process. Glucose:galactose ratios of approximately 1:1 were found in each of the total pellicles. These data suggest that at least one pellicle component is an unusual glycoprotein in that it contains high levels of glucose. The total submandibular salivary pellicle and both its fractions were remarkably similar in carbohydrate composition to the counterparts formed from parotid saliva alone. The data strongly suggest that there are present in both submandibular and parotid saliva similar glycoproteins that are selectively deposited onto etched enamel as the initial pellicle.

Amino Sugars↗
PubMed1975

Proteins of the periodontium. Identification of collagens with the [alpha1(I)]2alpha2 and [alpha1(III)]3 structures in bovine periodontal ligament.

Insoluble collagen was prepared from bovine periodontal ligament. Isolation and characterization of CNBr peptides originating from the alpha1(I), alpha2, and alpha1(III) chains showed that the tissue contained both type I and type III collagens. Further evidence for the presence of type III collagen was obtained by the isolation of alpha1(III) chains from pepsin-treated ligament collagen, with properties similar to those of human alpha1(III) chains. Estimates based on the amounts of certain CNBr peptides indicated that about one-fifth of the collagen of periodontal ligament is type III, the remainder being type I collagen.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Mineralization of dentin, bone and tendon in vitro.

Bovin dentin, bone and tendon slices, and rat bone, readily mineralize to variable degrees after demineralization by (EDTA) at pH 7.4, but they fail to mineralize after dimeralzation with acetic acid (HAc) at pH3.0. The demineralized dentin, but neither bone nor tendon, contained organically bound phosphate. The EDTA-demineralized dentin contained less phosphate than HAc-demineralized dentin. HAc-demineralized rat dentin contained high levels of phosphate. Since the EDTA- and HAc-demineralized rat dentin contained widely different levels of phosphate, yet both mineralized, it was concluded that phosphoprotein had little effect on nucleation. The reason why HAc-demineralized tissue other than rat dentin failed to nucleate and mineralize was not clarified.

Acetates↗
PubMed1974

Blastogenic suppression and alloantibody activity of sera from renal allograft recipients.

To evaluate whether immunological enhancement plays a role in adaptation to renal allografts, we studied sera from transplant recipients to determine whether those which suppressed mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) responses in vitro contained alloantibodies reactive with donor cells. Sera from five of nine renal transplant recipients consistently and specifically suppressed autologous autologous MLC responses to donor cells without impairing the blastogenic responses to third-party leukocytes, soluble antigens, or nonspecific mitogenic agents. In three of the five cases the suppressive activity of the serum was striking; in two cases the effect was less marked but still readily demonstrable in studies designed to evaluate the dose of serum which provided optimal suppression of MLC responses. Serum from one of the recipients nonspecifically suppressed blastogenic activity both to donor cells and other stimuli. No alloantibody reactive with donor leukocytes was found in any of the sera which exhibited suppressive activity in MLC, whereas in one patient, serum which contained antibody reactive with donor cells did not suppress MLC response to that donor. These findings suggest that, if the serum factors which suppress MLC responses in vitro are enhancing antibodies, they are not detectable even with very sensitive techniques either because they are present in very low concentrations, belong to immunoglobulin classes other than IgA, IgG, or IgM, or are complexed with donor antigen in such a way that their ability to react with fresh donor cells in vitro is blocked.

Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic↗
PubMed1973

Effects of corticosteroids on immunity in man. I. Decreased serum IgG concentration caused by 3 or 5 days of high doses of methylprednisolone.

To study the effects of methylprednisolone on immune mechanisms in the absence of other immunosuppressive agents or immunologically mediated diseases, we gave 17 normal adult male volunteers 96 mg of methylprednisolone daily for 3-5 days and compared results with 12 untreated controls who were studied simultaneously, 86% of treated volunteers had significant decreases in the concentrations of serum IgG. 2-4 wk after methylprednisolone, the treated volunteers had a mean decrease in IgG of 22% compared with a decrease of only 1% in untreated controls. Likewise, significant decreases in IgA concentration occurred in 43% of treated volunteers, whereas significant decreases in IgM occurred in only 14%. The lowest immunoglobulin levels occurred during the 2nd wk after a 3 day course of methylprednisolone and during the 3rd wk after a 5 day course of drug. Slightly decreased plasma concentration of [(125)I]IgG was seen in six of seven volunteers who received a 5 day course but in only one of four who received a 3 day course of drug. However, an increase in the rate of plasma clearance of IgG occurred only during the treatment period itself. During the period when the serum concentration of IgG was falling, the specific activity of IgG in the serum was relatively higher in treated men than in controls indicating decreased entry of newly synthesized IgG into the circulation. These findings suggest that a short course of methylprednisolone treatment causes a pronounced and sustained decrease in serum IgG due to increased catabolism during drug administration and to decreased synthesis during and for a variable time after drug administration.

Adult↗