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Biomedical subjects

W Taillard

Publications and source records attributed to W Taillard.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Muscle in hallux valgus.

Muscle imbalance is cited widely as a major factor in the production of hallux valgus deformity. The authors, therefore, performed muscle biopsies in 57 patients (53 women and four men; average age, 45.3 years) to examine the histology and ultrastructure of the intrinsic muscles about the great toe. The biopsy study was correlated with gait analysis. In 53 biopsy specimens the muscles were found to be histologically abnormal, presenting myogenic and neurogenic alterations. Furthermore, ultrastructural examination showed enlarged mitochondria with paracrystalline inclusions in 31 of the 57 cases. Gait analysis showed an abnormal rollover pattern in 70% of the gait cycles examined in 19 symptomatic hallux valgus patients (18 women and one man), while in 19 asymptomatic volunteers (16 women and three men) 80% of the cycles examined were normal. The surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the intrinsic muscles also was abnormal in the patient group when compared with the volunteer group; five different patterns of electrical activity were found. These findings may be interpreted as a result of chronic ischemia caused by the elevated pressure occurring within the foot during gait.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Girdlestone's hip resection. Clinical and electromyocinesigraphic study].

Forty-five patients with unilateral excision of the femoral head and neck and 2 patients with bilateral excision were studied with a follow-up of 6 months to 6 years. In 36 cases the hip excision was performed after a total hip prosthesis. We have personally monitored 22 patients. The others either died or suffered from other general diseases not related to the operation, making it impossible to check their locomotor apparatus. Two criteria were studied in particular: walking and pain. Fifty-five percent of the patients can walk well with one cane, 31% with two canes, and 14% require assistance to walk. Thirty-one can stand and walk without pain, 55% have some discomfort when fatigued, and 14% have constant pain. Electromyocinesigraphic examination was performed in 6 patients in order to study the automatic function of the muscles when the patient was standing and walking. We found the following: (1) no innervation of the hip abducters with high activity of the rectus anterior during the standing phase of the leg operated upon; (2) abnormal symmetrical and permanent activity of the erectores trunci during the usual standing posture and during walking; (3) increased activity of the hip abductors of the nonoperated leg when standing and walking.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Standing and walking with walking aids - an electromyokinesigraphic examination (author's transl)].

Study of the variations of the automatic electrical activity of the shoulder, trunk and lower extremities muscles with different types of walking aids (Cane, elbow-crutches, shoulder-crutches, tricycle). Electromyocinesigraphic recordings have been made in 10 normal men and women age 24 to 35. The variations of their posture and walking pattern according to the weightbearing with different types of aids have been studied and are discussed.

Canes↗
PubMed1977

[Pseudospondylolisthesis and chondrocalcinosis].

Degenerative spondylolisthesis L4-L5 progressing rapidly toward a surgical intervention for a sciatica in a 52 years old female. The radiography, as well as an anatomo-pathological study, showed an erosive osteoarthrosis of the vertebral articular processes. The disc biopsy revealed a chondrocalcinosis which was also found in the knees on radiological examination. This observation provides, at the spine, a special example of "erosive osteoarthrosis with chondrocalcinosis".

Chondrocalcinosis↗
PubMed1977

[Grafting of preserved homogenous cancellous bone. Results of 90 operations (author's transl)].

Description of a simple technique for the removal of homogeneous cancellous bone from heads of femur removed during replacement of the hip-joint. The material has been preserved for one year at -20 degrees C and can be used after simple washing. Results in 89 grafts are analysed: They all took perfectly at the site of grafting. There was no rejection, no local or general allergy. Risk of infection was not increased. The technique is simple and useful where much cancellous bone is needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder].

Study of 55 cases of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder treated by the operation of Bankart and Putti-Platt during 10 years. A new dislocation after the operation was present in one single case. The authors opinion is that the most important point of the technique is the correct reinsertion of the anteroinferior part of the capsule. If the glenoidal labrum is detached from the rim, the Bankart technique must be combined with the Putti-Platt. A comprehensive review of the results demonstrates that the patients are rarely disturbed by the limitation of external rotation of the operated shoulder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Osteoplastic hip buttress in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip].

The results of 40 acetabuloplasties of the hip for osteoarthritis have been studied over a follow-up period of 6 months to 7 years. 12 patients have been treated by shelf arthroplasty alone and 26 by the same operation combined with intertrochanteric osteotomy. These operations, which are suitable for use in patients too young for a total hip prosthesis, give very satisfactory results in 80% of the cases, but the patients must be carefully selected. The clinical and radiological criteria on which this choice is based, and the technical peculiarities of the operation, are described.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1975

[Statics and dynamics after total hip arthroplasty. An electromyographic study (author's transl)].

The weightbearing of the hip of 147 patients after total prosthesis operation was controlled by the two wages method. In most of them the weightbearing becomes normal in a few months after the operation. In 39 patients with 48 total prostheses an electromyographic examination of the erectores trunci and the glutaei as well as the quadriceps of both legs in standing and walking was performed. In standing the patients demonstrate an hyperactivity of the paravertebral muscles and glutaei before as well as after the operation. They cannot find the normal standing posture with its typical lack of activity of the back, pelvis or leg muscles. In standing on one leg as well as in walking the innervation of the glutaei is diminished. In many cases it becomes normal after the total hip operation. Only in 1/3 of the cases we can observe a fully normal electrical activity of the glutaei with the classical "fan sign" which corresponds to the normal rotation of the pelvis during the stand phase. The erectores trunci demonstrate before and after the operation the same anomalies of innervation.

Aged↗