Biomedical subjects

W Teder

Publications and source records attributed to W Teder.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Auditory attention and selective input modulation: a topographical ERP study.

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in subjects receiving tones (left ear 300 Hz, right ear 6000 Hz) at a rapid rate and trying to detect occasional higher-pitched stimuli in a designated ear. ERPs to attended stimuli showed enhanced negative amplitudes whose topographical distribution differed from that of the exogeneous N1 component. Moreover, the latter was considerably larger for low than high tones, whereas the attention effect had similar amplitudes for the two tones. Consequently, the attention effect, even when perfectly coinciding in time with N1, does not seem to be caused by modulation of the exogeneous N1 but rather by a separate process activated by attention. This suggests that attention does not modulate initial stimulus representations in audition.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1991

Attention effects on the auditory event-related potential.

Studies on selective-attention effects on the auditory event-related brain potential (ERP) are reviewed. Brainstem components of the ERP have not been shown to be sensitive to attention. On the other hand, attention effects in the middle-latency range (12-50 ms from stimulus onset) appear to occur under some conditions but it is not clear whether these effects are exogenous or endogenous. The predominant attention effect on the auditory ERP is the processing negativity, a slow endogenous negativity which often commences well before the exogenous (supratemporal) N1 component peaks (at about 100 ms post-stimulus), therefore giving the impression that this exogenous component is attention-sensitive. It is not yet settled, however, whether even these exogenous processes under some conditions might be modulated by selective attention.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability of life event assessments: test-retest reliability and fall-off effects of the Munich Interview for the Assessment of Life Events and Conditions.

This paper presents the findings of two independent studies which examined the test-retest reliability and the fall-off effects of the Munich Life Event List (MEL). The MEL is a three-step interview procedure for assessing life incidents which focuses on recognition processes rather than free recall. In a reliability study, test-retest coefficients of the MEL, based on a sample of 42 subjects, were quite stable over a 6-week interval. Stability for severe incidents appeared to be higher than for the less severe ones. In the fall-off study, a total rate of 30% fall-off was noted for all incidents reported retrospectively over an 8-year period. A more detailed analysis revealed average monthly fall-off effects of 0.36%. The size of fall-off effects was higher for non-severe and positive incidents than for severe incidents. This was particularly evident for the symptomatic groups. Non-symptomatic males reported a higher overall number of life incidents than females. This was partly due to more frequent reporting of severe incidents. The findings of the fall-off study do not support the common belief that the reliability of life incident report is much worse when the assessment period is extended over a period of several years as compared to the traditional 6-month period.

Adult↗