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Biomedical subjects

W Thorn

Publications and source records attributed to W Thorn.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Sodium pyruvate infusions in patients with alcoholic liver disease. Preliminary report.

Pyruvate has been shown to benefit cellular energy metabolism and to reduce free radical formation. Concerning gastrointestinal side effects of orally administered sodium pyruvate, in this pilot study we investigated the therapeutic effectiveness of sodium pyruvate infusions in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Fifteen patients with ALD received sodium pyruvate infusions for: (1) 10 days (54-86.4 g pyruvate daily, 150-180 mg/min., 6-8 h); and (2) 15 days (50-54 g daily, 100 mg/min., 6 h). Sodium pyruvate treatment resulted in significantly decreased serum AST (p<0.03), ALT (p<0.03), AP (p<0.004), GGT (p<0.05), and total bilirubin (p<0.04). Improvement of liver function was also evident from the significantly decreased Combined Clinical and Laboratory Index (from 6.50+/-0.71, to 3.92+/-0.84, p<0.001), and Liver Damage Score (from 3.83+/-0.71 to 2.75+/-0.58, p<0.01). The two therapy schedules used showed similar results. Unchanged serum pyruvate, lactate, and glucose confirmed the good utilization of pyruvate. Tolerance of sodium pyruvate treatment was very good in 26.09% and good in 68.94% of the observations. Our results showed good therapeutic effectiveness and good tolerance of sodium pyruvate infusions in patients with ALD. This is possibly due to the rapid gain of ATP and GTP, required to redress defective cells, and to antioxidant action of pyruvate.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Directed enzymatic synthesis of linear and branched gluco-oligosaccharides, using cyclodextrin-glucanosyltransferase.

Cyclodextrin-glucanosyltransferase, in a kinetically controlled reaction, transfers one maltohexaosyl residue from cyclomaltohexaose (alpha CD) to HO-4 of an acceptor to form a linear or a branched gluco-oligosaccharide. The primary transfer product can be isolated in yields up to 45% and in high purity, if the reaction is stopped at an early stage. With increasing time of incubation, secondary and tertiary transfer products are formed by stepwise addition of maltohexaosyl units. At equilibrium, a mixture with almost equal proportions of oligosaccharides is obtained. Glucose and malto-oligosaccharides of any chain length carrying a free 4-hydroxyl group and with HO-1 free or substituted, and regardless of the configuration at C-1, may serve as acceptors. Substrates with galacto or manno configuration were not utilised by the enzyme. The selectivity of the enzyme with respect to the site of chain elongation in branched acceptor molecules has been investigated. The technique described here may be applied to prepare linear gluco-oligosaccharides of any chain length of branched oligosaccharides of the amylopectin type.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1991

Influence of carbohydrate moieties of human serum transferrin on the determination of its molecular mass by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis and staining with periodic acid-Schiff reagent.

The influence of carbohydrate moieties of transferrin (Tf) on the determination of its molecular mass (MM) by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (PAGGE) was investigated. Iron-free native human serum transferrin (Tf) of 99% purity and partly or completely carbohydrate- and N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA)-free molecule forms were analyzed. The MM differences before and after enzymatic cleavage were found not to agree with the theoretical difference. From amino acid and carbohydrate analysis the MM of Tf was determined to be 79,570 Da whereas by denaturing and nondenaturing PAGGE MM of 77,000 Da +/- 1000 Da were found. After enzymatic cleavage of the two carbohydrate chains of Tf the difference between the calculated MM and the value reported in literature increased to 7000 Da (nondenaturing PAGGE) and 9200 Da (denaturing PAGGE). Following enzymatic cleavage of the 4 NANA molecules (MM 1237 Da) we obtained the relatively largest difference between the value given in the literature and that determined by PAGGE, namely MM 3300 Da on nondenaturing and 4000 Da on denaturing PAGGE. The differences due to the removal of the other carbohydrates were negligible. In addition we tested the periodic acid-Schiff reagent to stain iron-free Tf, containing different carbohydrate residues. The shortest carbohydrate moiety necessary for Tf staining corresponds to two identical carbohydrate chains of the structure (Asn)-GlcNAc-GlcNAc-beta-Man-(alpha-Man-)-alpha-Man.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

Investigation of a glycoprotein-protein mixture from urine of anemic patients by analytical isotachophoresis.

Nine glycoprotein-protein fractions prepared of erythropoietin-active crude urinary protein and separated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50, ion exchange chromatography on Sephadex DEAE A-50, gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 and Sepharose 6B were investigated by analytical isotachophoresis. 7 to 38 components could be separated of every chromatographic fraction investigated using chloride as leading and glycinate as terminating electrolyte. Improvement of resolution is possible by variation of buffer system conditions.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1978

[Contents of glycogen, glycolytic activity and contents of metabolites in the atrioventricular system of bovine hearts (author's transl)].

In the atrioventricular system (AVS) consisting of the compact node, the penetrating bundle and the branching bundles of about 250 bovine hearts there were made several studies: 1. In quickly removed and fixed specimens (distal AV-node, penetrating bundle) determination of a metabolic state with respect to glycogen, glucose, lactate, ATP, ADP, AMP, creatinephosphate, total creatine, gluc-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate, dihydroxyacetonphosphate and pyruvate. 2. Determination of glycogen contents and glygolytic activity in AVS and its parts for ischemic times up to three hours. 3. The determination of metabolic contents in samples of connective tissue in atrium and ventricle of bovine hearts. The AV-nodes are poor in glycogen comparable with glycogen content of central nervous system and other ganglia. Penetrating bundles of Hiss and branching bundle belong after liver to the glycogen richest parenchyma of animal tissues. Even after ischemia of 3 h only a part of glycogen was recovered as lactate. The greater part of glycogen must be considered as a structural element of Hiss bundle and branching bundles of the ventricles.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1978

Partial purification procedure for human urinary erythropoietin by preparative isotachophoresis.

Human urinary erythropoietic-active crude protein was isotachophoretic fractionated in a LKB Uniphor apparatus equipped with a plastic column using polyacrylamide as a stabilizing medium, phosphat ions as leading and glycinat ions as terminating electrolytes and Ampholine carrier ampholytes (pH: 5--7) as spacers. The exhypoxic polycythemic mouse method to assay erythropoietic activity showed that the majority of the hormon was sharply resolved. Under these conditions preparative isotachophoresis demonstrated a higher purification factor compared to other biochemical preparation-methods.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1978

[Quantities of plasma polyps in the blood of male and female guinea pigs after application of monoiodinoacetate, acetylosalicyclic acid, nitrogen-containing excretory substances, and histamine (author's transl)].

Released cell protrusions designated as plasma polyps (PP) were quantificated from human blood of normal, male and non pregnant female, individuals by means of "inverted centrifugation" [4], and from blood of male and female, non pregnant and late pregnant, guinea pigs also. As control blood was taken from guinea pigs during nembutal narcosis or after narcotizing them by blows on the neck. In further series we examined the formation of PP after intravenous application of monoiodinoacetate (MIA) and acetylosalicyclic acid (ASS) with and without additional Na-pyruvate as an intermediary product of glucose metabolism. The influence of histamine and nitrogen-containing excretory substances was examined after intraperitoneal injections. The blood of normal individuals sporadically contained PP. The control animals (male and non pregnant female guinea pigs) showed about 1 X 10(6)PP per ml blood, late pregnant about 2 X 10(6). Doses of 12.5 mg MIA increased the number of PP from 2 X 10(6) up to 4 X 10(6), whereas additional Na-pyruvat doses kept the PP level at 1 X 10(6) the one of control animals. 21.4mg ASS administered to late pregnant guinea pigs increased the PP number up to 4 X 10(6)/ml blood. This effect was prevented by Na-pyruvat substitution. Intraperitoneal injection of excretory substances caused a moderate increase of PP to 1.8 X 10(6)/ml blood in average.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Automatic column chromatographic analysis of saccharides and uronic acids.

Using n-proponal/water as the eluting solvent, a flow rate of 50 ml/h and a 90 degrees C column temperature, the separation of a complex mixture of 11 monosaccharides could be much improved over the procedure described by v. Wilm and Sordé using isopropanol/water, 70--100 ml/h flow rate and temperatures of 83--90 degrees C. With a small total error of 3%, the saccharide analysis lies in the region of reproducibility that has also been reached in amino acid analysis. The limit of detection for saccharides lies at 1 x 10(-9) mole/ml.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1977

A simple test for erythropoietin.

In Gelfiltration on Sephadex G-100 crude protein prepared from the urine of anemic patients incubated with 59Fe+++ -ions was separated and a distinct fraction isolated having high erythropoietic activity and a high 59Fe+++ -absorption. Increased amount of erythropoietin resulted in a higher incorporation of 59Fe+++ -ions in this fraction. From this we propose to replace the time consuming and very expensive bioassay for erythropoietin in poly-cythemic mice by gelfiltration of the material under investigation preincubated with 59Fe+++ -ions to test the Fe+++ uptake in the forementioned fraction.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

[In-vitro formation of plasma polyps in the human placenta and their isolation by means of "inverted centrifugation" (author's transl)].

1. Histological observations on sliced human placenta shaked in Krebs-Ringer-solution showed an high plasma polyp formation by the syncytiotrophoblast without any monoidoacetate or sodiumfluoride poisoning [1]. 2. The high plasma polyp formation of placenta slices incubated with gased (96% O2, 4% CO2) Krebs-Ringer-solution and shaked at 37 degrees C decreased rapidly and lasted up to 40 min. 3. Perfusion of the placenta intervillosum with fetal serum added Krebs-Ringer-Solution gave results in plasma polyp production up to six times higher than serum free Krebs-Ringer-solution perfusions. 4. Plasma polyp isolation and concentration by one step is discribed applying the inverted centrifugation technique: Plasma polyps migrate centripetally in Krebs-Ringer-solution containing 6% Ficoll (Pharmacia) and were concentrated in the tip of a tube invertedly placed into a swing-out-rotor.

Centrifugation↗
PubMed1976

[The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol, monoiodine acetate, sodium fluoride and hypoxia on the formation of plasma polyps in the placenta of guinea pigs (author's transl)].

Plasma polyps can be found at the end of a normal pregnancy. Following NaF and MJA-intoxication, there is an extreme increase of plasma polyps. This accelerated formation can be prevented by the injection of Na-pyruvate and often the number of polyps can be reduced below the norm. 2,4-Dinitrophenol intoxication and breathing of hypoxic gas mixture (2,5% O2, 5% CO2, 92,5% N2) do not lead to increased plasma polyp formation. This proves, that it is not hypoxia, not an energy deficit secondary to separation of oxydative phosphorylation and not cardiac insufficiency leading to secondary ischemia which are responsible for the extreme increase in the number of plasma polyps following the injection of MJA and NaF.

Acetates↗