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Biomedical subjects

W V Kessler

Publications and source records attributed to W V Kessler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Absorption, distribution, and excretion of 14C-meglumine in rats and dogs after administration of 14C-meglumine salicylate.

Meglumine labeled with carbon-14 was administered orally as 14C-meglumine salicylate to rats and dogs to study its distribution and excretion. The compound was incompletely absorbed; that which was absorbed was rapidly excreted in the urine. Peak blood levels were about 5-10 mug/ml in rats and 2-8 mug/ml in dogs. Tissue levels were negligible at the end of the experimental periods. No evidence for N-demethylation or oxidation to carbon dioxide was obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Synthesis of 14C-meglumine salicylate and its disposition in humans after oral administration.

The synthesis of 14C-meglumine salicylate was accomplished by heating 14C-meglumine with salicylic acid, in equimolar ratios, in 2-propanol. The average radiochemical yield was 97.5%. Ten healthy adult male volunteers were given 1.2 g of the compound orally. Five took 1.2 g of 1-deoxy-1-[14C]-methylamino-D-glucitol salicylate (containing about 47 micronCi), and five others took 1.2 g of 1-deoxy-1-methylamino-D-[U-14 micronCi), and five others took 1.2 g of 1-deoxy-1-methylamino-D-[U-14C]-glucitol salicylate (containing about 45 micronCi). Urine and feces were collected for 5 days, and blood was sampled for 24 hr. The peak urinary excretion of meglumine and/or its metabolites occurred between 4 and 8 hr after administration (about 7.2% of the administered dose). Meglumine was excreted primarily in the feces (72.4% over 5 days) and, to a smaller extent, in urine (21.3% over 5 days). No activity was detected in blood. The excretion rate and percentage excreted were the same for both groups of subjects, suggesting that meglumine was not metabolized by N-demethylation or conversion to carbon dioxide. The highest blood salicylate level, 44.4 +/- 1.9 microng/ml, was observed 1 hr after administration. Urinary levels of salicylic acid and its metabolites were observed to be at a maximum at 8 hr. Total salicylate recovery was 94.7 +/- 1.5% in 48 hr. Salicyluric acid was the major metabolite, accounting for 69.5 +/- 3.6% of the dose. Salicylic acid accounted for 6.8 +/- 1.2%.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

A comparative study of iodine and potassium perchlorate metabolism in the laying hen. 2. Uptake, distribution, and excretion of potassium perchlorate.

The concentrations of 36Cl-labeled potassium perchlorate (K36CiO4) and previously reported iodide (131I) in the ova, thyroid gland, and blood of the laying hen were compared in this investigation. Radioperchlorate concentration and deposition properties showed a remarkable resemblance to those of iodide (131I). The topographic distribution of radioperchlorate in ova followed a peripheral and concentric ring deposition identical to that observed in the 131I investigation. The studies of the distribution of radioperchlorate showed that about 10.3, 2.0, and 1.4% of a single intramuscular injection of K36CiO4 was retained in the body at 3, 24, and 48 hours, respectively. The largest total concentration in the 3-hour group was found in the blood (2.9%), followed by muscles (2.4%), internal organs (1.1%), and the 10 largest ova (1.0%). The 24 and 48-hour hens' ova showed the largest concentrations with values of 1.5 and 1.2% of the dose, respectively. This represented 76.9 and 81.3% of the total activity retained in the body at these times. The excreta in the 3 and 24-hour experiments accounted for most of the radioperchlorate dose.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The water-to-air transfer of 35SO4= by bursting bubbles.

The transfer of 35SO4= from water to air by bursting bubbles was studied as a function of three levels each of three variables in a bubbling solution. The variables were pH, surfactant concentration, and Na2 35SO4 concentration. One combination of the above variables was also studied at three different temperatures. Sterile water solutions containing different combinations of the above factors and a fixed amount of 22NaCl were bubbled in an enclosure for 1 hour. After bubbling, samples of the aerosol produced, the larger drops that fell out of the air, and the bulk solution were collected and assayed for their 35S and 22Na content using liquid scintillation counting. The 35S/22Na enrichment for each droplet sample as compared to the ratio for the bulk solution was determined, and it was found to be dependent upon the combination of the factor levels being bubbled. Both positive and negative enrichments were found, with large positive enrichments being found consistently only for the highest value of surfactant concentration. The temperature study showed no significant enrichment differences for any of the three temperatures studied.

Air↗
PubMed1975

Placental transfer and teratology of pentachlorophenol in rats.

Pentachloro[U-14C]phenol was administered orally to Charles River CD strain pregnant rats on day 15 of gestation. Concentrations found in the placentas and fetuses up to 32 hr remained very small indicating that the amount that passes through the placental barrier is negligible. Unlabeled compound was administered on days 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 of gestation. The incidence of resorptions in the treated animals was not significantly greater than that in the controls. Although malformations were observed, the number was minimal and could have been due to the toxic effects of the compound on the maternal rat.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1975

A comparative study of iodine and potassium perchlorate metabolism in the laying hen. 1. incorporation of I-131 in chicken ova.

The uptake of 131-I in chicken ova was studied for 3 hours after a single intramuscular dose. There was uptake as early as 10 minutes and it continued throughout the 3 hours in spite of a rapid decrease in blood activity. The fast growing ova, weightin 0.5 to 2.0 grams, were the most efficient in the uptake of 131-I per unit weight. Autoradiograms of the topographic distribution of 131-I showed a peripheral deposition. When multiple doses were given, concentric rings in the growing ovocytes were seen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Improved colorimetric determination of salicylic acid and its metabolites in urine.

We describe an improvement in the Levy and Procknal method [J. Pharm. Sci. 57, 1330 (1968)] for determination of salicylic acid and its metabolites in urine. Salicylic acid and salicyluric acid are successively extracted from 1 or 2 ml of urine (acidified with HCl) by two 10-ml portions each of carbon tetrachloride and ethylene dichloride. The extracts of each solvent are shaken with 5 ml of ferric nitrate solution (a 10-fold dilution of 17 g of Fe(NO-3)-9H-2O in 1 liter of 70 mmol/liter HNO-3). The aqueous phases are centrifuged and their absorbances measured at 530 nm. For total salicylate, 3 ml of urine and 3 ml of HCl are heated in a partially evacuated serum vial at 100 degrees C for 16 h and then salicylic acid is assayed in the hydrolyzed sample. Recovery of a weighed oral dose of sodium salicylate in urine was 105.4%; it was 127.9% by the Levy and Procknal method for the same sample. The improved method is faster and more accurate.

Colorimetry↗