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Biomedical subjects

W Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to W Vogel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Difference between diploid and aneuploid Chinese hamster cells in replication at mid-S-phase.

Following partial synchronization of the heteroploid Chinese hamster cell line V-79 and of normal diploid lung fibroblasts of the Chinese hamster in culture, their DNA replication during S-phase aws compared by means of a BrdU-incorporation/thymidine pulse technique and Hoechst-Giemsa differential staining of metaphase chromosomes. This comparison indirectly shows the S-phase of the heteroploid cells of V-79 to be 2 h shorter than the diploid cell S-phase. When the thymidine pulse is applied to diploid lung fibroblasts at mid-S-phase, differential staining colours metaphase chromosomes a pale blue. Performing the corresponding experiment with V-79 cells, neither a pale blue nor dark red staining is obtained, but rather an intermediate shade, showing prominently dark staining regions in parts. The pause in DNA synthesis observed at mid-S-phase of the diploid Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts seems to be omitted at mid-S-phase of the V-79 cells.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1979

Estrogen therapy for severe persistent depressions in women.

Positive results are reported from a double-blind study of estrogen therapy administered to severely depressed, inpatient women who had failed to respond to various conventional treatments of depression. Large doses of oral conjugated estrogen were administered for a three-month period to 23 premenopausal and postmenopausal inpatient women. Placebos were administered for a comparable period to 17 similar patients. The posttreatment Hamilton ratings of depression were significantly reduced in the estrogen-treated group, but not in the placebo group. Possible physiological mechanisms are discussed. The risk-benefit ratio for estrogen therapy of depression in these patients was judged to be favorable. However, periodic endometrial biopsies are required to monitor the endometrial response of women receiving high doses of estrogens.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The effect on sister-chromatid exchanges of drugs and dyes by intercalation and photoactivation.

Intercalating dyes (acridine orange, proflavin and methylene blue) and drugs (chlorpromazine, promazine and chlorprothixene) were tested for their ability to induce sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) with and without photoactivation by visible light. Whereas in the dark all substances tested increased the frequency of SCEs, a superimposed effect of visible light on SCE formation was observed for the acridines proflavin and acridine orange, but not for the pheneothiazine derivatives methylene blue and chlorpromazine. These results are discussed in connection with the known mutagenic effects of these substances and with the factors that may be involved in SCE formation induced by intercalating molecules in the absence and presence of visible light.

Acridines↗
PubMed1979

Ellobius lutescens Th. (Rhodentia, Microtinae): Q-, R-, and replication banding patterns. Chromosome 1 polymorphism in the male and presumptive heterogamety in the female.

Five specimens of Ellobius lutescens, four males and one female, were studied by several banding methods. Structural polymorphism occurred in the longest chromosome pair of the karyotype of two males: a pericentric inversion in one animal and a paracentric inversion in the other. In the female studied, one chromosome 1 differs from those of the males by a marked elongation of a proximal euchromatic band in the long arm. Thus, the female seems to represent the heterogametic sex. Chromosome 9 showed the same banding pattern in both sexes. The possible meaning of this chromosome constitution for the sex-determining mechanism of E. lutescens is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Intensive care in chest trauma (author's transl)].

A statistical analysis of the case material at the Intensive Care Unit, Freiburg, for the years 1975 and 1976 established that 40% and 39% respectively of patients with multiple injuries had also suffered a chest trauma and that the latter was the direct cause of respiratory insufficiency in 61% (1975) and 57% (1976) of patients in need of controlled respiration, i.e. respiratory insufficiency dominated the clinical and pathophysiological picture. The causes were: restricted respiratory movements due to pain, compression of the lungs or pathological changes in the injured lung, and they affected the normal gaseous exchange in a variety of ways. Alveolar hypoventilation with disturbance of ventilation-perfusion, increase in the functional shunt volume, rise in the functional dead space combined with reduced functional residual capacity and compliance result, if left uncorrected, in a drastic increase of resistance on the part of the pulmonary vessels and finally in, often fatal, hyoxaemia and hypercapnia. Regular estimations of the arterial blood gases in air and pure oxygen, of the arterio-alveolar difference in oxygen pressure, shunt volume, dead space and effective compliance of the chest wall and lungs are, therefore, essential. Treatment in an intensive care unit comprises the relief of any acute condition, such as tension pneumothorax, haemothorax, and general measures. Means to relieve pain in patients whose chest injuries are not sufficiently severe to require artificial ventilation are: intercostal blocking, acupuncture or peridural analgesia; efficient breathing exercises are important. The indications for artificial ventilation should be interpreted generously and the decision to perform it should be made at an early stage. The technique is determined by the type of pathological changes in the gaseous exchange and should aim at restoring normal conditions as far as possible.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of thymidine, fluorodeoxyuridine, hydroxyurea, and methotrexate blocking at the G1/S phase transition of the cell cycle, studied by replication patterns.

Cultures of human amniotic fluid cells and fibroblasts were temporarily blocked by the replication inhibitors thymidine (dT) surplus, fluorodeoxyuridine (FdU), hydroxyurea (HU), or methotrexate uridine (MU). The respective arresting point at G1-S transition and the homogeneity of the blocked cell population were determined by means of BrdU replication patterns. Most variation of patterns were found after HU. After MU, cells were arrested before the onset of replication, while with dT surplus of FdU an arresting point in early S seemed more likely.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

Decrease of DNA synthesis in amniotic fluid cells during the middle part of S-phase revealed by differential chromosome staining after incorporation of BrdU.

The time sequence of DNA replication in partially synchronized human amniotic fluid cells has been analysed, employing BrdU incorporation techniques.--Regardless of the interval between removal of the methotrexate/uridine block and addition of BrdU during S-phase, the treatment results in an R-type replication pattern. Conversely, replacement of BrdU containing medium by another one with thymidine yields G-type replication patterns. A thymidine pulse during the first 4 h of S-phase results in R-type replication patterns; from 7--10 h after block removal it produces G-type pattern. In between, only faint red staining dots can be found indicating a marked decrease of replicational activity during the middle part of the S-phase.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

Effects of caffeine on sister chromatid exchange (SCE) after exposure to UV light or triaziquone studied with a fluorescence plus giemsa (FPG) technique.

Studies are reported that are designed to analyze the mechanism by which caffeine reduces the induction of SCE by UV light or alkylating agents. The substantial points are (1) caffeine does not inhibit SCE formation, and (2) the caffeine-mediated apparent decrease of SCE induction after UV or triaziquone exposure is due to a selective destruction of those metaphases otherwise exhibiting a high number of SCE. These findings and their relevance to the ascertainment of the SCE-forming process are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Silver-staining specificity in metaphases after incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR).

Silver staining is reported to be reduced in chromatin substituted by BUDR. This quenching effect allows for the demonstration of replication patterns and differential chromatid staining. Though the differentiation, as compared to other staining techniques, is of inferior quality, it is of theoretical importance concerning the effect of BUDR incorporation into chromatin.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of tramadol, a new analgesic, on respiration and cardiovascular function (author's transl)].

1. The effect of 1-(m-methoxyphenyl)-2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-cyclohexan-1-ol (tramadol; Tramal), a new i.v. administered analgesic, on respiration and cardiovascular function was investigated in 15 patients in a clinic of general surgery. 2. Blood gas analysis revealed that tramadol, unlike morphine-like analgesics, does not depress respiration. 3. The drug did not affect blood pressure, and the observed slight increase in heart rate was transient and statistically not significant.

Analgesics↗