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Biomedical subjects

W W Chatham

Publications and source records attributed to W W Chatham.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Ligand-dependent release of active neutrophil collagenase.

The amount of active neutrophil (PMN) collagenase released extracellularly is dependent on the PMN-activating ligand. Neutrophils stimulated with soluble ligands, including FMLP, platelet-activating factor, or heat-aggregated IgG, released very little active collagenase, in contrast to cells stimulated with opsonized zymosan or surface-bound IgG. However, opsonized zymosan and surface-bound IgG did not differ appreciably from soluble ligands in effecting PMN production of superoxide, release of the specific granule component lactoferrin, or total (latent plus active) collagenase release, which suggests that there is more efficient collagenase activation during PMN stimulation with surface-bound ligands. These results suggest a role for surface (cartilage)-bound IgG in the release and activation of human neutrophil collagenase in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

Lysis of fibrillar collagen by neutrophils in synovial fluid. A role for surface-bound immunoglobulins.

Synovial fluids (SF) contain inhibitors capable of neutralizing the activity of proteases secreted by inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. To further define a potential role for SF polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in mediating joint destruction, peripheral blood PMN were suspended in SF and incubated with reconstituted collagen fibrils. Incubation of PMN-SF mixtures with collagen fibrils precoated with monomeric IgG resulted in significant lysis of the underlying fibrils relative to that seen with uncoated fibrils. Augmented fibril lysis by PMN-SF mixtures in which the PMN were activated with fluid-phase ligands such as phorbol myristate acetate or heat-aggregated IgG was not seen. Lysis of IgG-coated fibrils by PMN-SF was inhibited in the presence of EDTA or sodium azide. PMN-mediated resorption of fibrillar collagen occurred despite the presence of protease inhibitors in the SF at a concentration capable of neutralizing human neutrophil collagenase. These results suggest that the focal release and activation of human neutrophil collagenase during PMN stimulation by tissue-bound immunoglobulins may mediate the resorption of joint tissue collagens in rheumatoid arthritis, even in the presence of protease inhibitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Clinically significant valvular heart disease in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PURPOSE: Clinically significant valvular heart disease due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has generally been considered rare, and Libman-Sacks endocarditis has been thought to be predominantly an autopsy finding. With the declining prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, however, the spectrum of valvular heart disease is changing. We retrospectively analyzed our experience with SLE between 1975 and 1987 for the presence of hemodynamically significant valvular heart disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An existing data base of 421 patients with SLE was selected for review. Patients were selected for inclusion in the study if they met four or more of the criteria of the American Rheumatism Association for SLE, they had clinically significant valvular heart disease, and tissue from the involved valve was available for review. The etiology of the valve lesion was determined by assessment of the clinical history, chart review, gross morphology, and valve histology. RESULTS: Of 14 cases with pathologic material available for review, six had anatomic features of SLE valvular heart disease such as verrucous vegetations or valvulitis with necrosis and vasculitis. Two of these patients underwent successful valve replacements and four died from complications of their valve disease. CONCLUSION: We suggest that significant morbidity and mortality may result from SLE valvular heart disease in about 1 to 2 percent of SLE patients and that the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying valve dysfunction in SLE patients are multifactorial.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Leukemoid blood reaction to tetracycline.

A pronounced leukemoid reaction consisting of WBC as high as 82,300/microliters was observed coexistent with a clinical picture of hepatitis in a young man taking oral minocycline. No etiologic source for the hepatitis was found. After complete recovery, an erroneous ingestion of a single dose of tetracycline reproduced his initial symptoms and a leukemoid reaction.

Adult↗