PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W W Storms

Publications and source records attributed to W W Storms.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Nocturnal asthma symptoms may be more prevalent than we think.

We evaluated the prevalence of nocturnal asthma in our subspecialty allergy clinic to see whether it was significantly different than the prevalence in a previous study (3). A questionnaire was sent to 1258 patients, and there were 325 responses. Of the 325, 304 patients had asthma. A total of 204 (67%) of these had nocturnal symptoms of asthma. Eleven percent of the total population awakened every night, 16% awakened three to six nights per week, 20% one or two nights per week, 20% one night per month, and 33% not at all. We discovered that patients had a rather nonchalant view of their asthma and frequently did not report nocturnal symptoms to their doctors. We conclude that even in a specialty allergy and asthma practice, nocturnal asthma symptoms may be more prevalent than suspected. The reason for this is unclear but may be related to a problem with patient perception and possibly to a lack of diligence in physician history taking.

Asthma↗
PubMed1994

Effectiveness of azelastine nasal solution in seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Azelastine is a novel antiallergy medication currently under investigation for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Pharmacologic studies in laboratory animals and in vitro model systems indicate that azelastine exerts multiple actions including modulation of airways smooth muscle response, interference with inflammatory processes, and inhibition of allergic reactions. In a previous controlled clinical trial, azelastine nasal solution (ASTELIN N.S.) demonstrated effectiveness in controlling symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). The objective of this 2-week double-blind, parallel-group study was to further assess the effectiveness of azelastine nasal solution in improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Two hundred forty-seven patients (> or = 12 years) with symptomatic SAR who satisfied a minimum symptoms score during a 1-week, single-blind, baseline evaluation period were randomized to receive azelastine 2 sprays per nostril bid, azelastine 2 sprays per nostril qd, chlorpheniramine 12 mg bid, or placebo using a double-dummy technique to insure blinding. The primary efficacy variables were changes in Major Symptom Complex (nose blows, sneezes, runny nose/sniffles, itch nose, and watery eyes) and Total Symptom Complex (Major plus itchy eyes/ears/throat/palate, cough, and postnasal drip) severity scores. Patients treated with azelastine nasal solution qd and bid had mean percent improvements in the Total and Major Symptom Complex severity scores that were clinically significant (> or = 50% improvement over placebo) after both weeks, at endpoint, and overall. The improvements for the azelastine bid group were statistically significant (P < or = .05) at all evaluation points. Adverse experiences occurred infrequently, and none was considered serious or potentially limiting to the clinical utility of the nasal solution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1993

Effects of acute inhalation of albuterol on submaximal and maximal VO2 and blood lactate.

The acute effects of inhaled albuterol, a selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist, on measures of endurance cycling performance and pulmonary function were assessed in 21 competitive road cyclists. A 5 step methacholine challenge revealed all cyclists to be non-asthmatic. Albuterol (A) total dose 360 micrograms or a saline placebo (P) was administered by inhaler, in 4 metered doses of 90 micrograms each, 15 minutes before cycle ergometry exercise. Heart rate, whole blood lactate, perceived exertion and VO2 were determined at the submaximal workloads of 150, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300 watts and at max. Pulmonary function tests determining forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume during the first second of expiration, forced mid-expiratory flow and maximal voluntary ventilation were performed prior to and 10 minutes after inhalation; and 5, 10 and 15 minutes after termination of the exercise protocol. Heart rate was significantly greater during the A compared to the P treatment at 200 (150.8 +/- 2.5 vs 146.7 +/- 2.8 beats per minute), 225 (159.7 +/- 2.4 vs 154.6 +/- 2.7 beats per minute) and 250 watts (166.9 +/- 2.4 vs 164.4 +/- 2.6 beats per minute). Whole blood lactate was significantly greater during the A compared to the P treatment at 275 watts (4.7 +/- 0.3 vs 4.2 +/- 0.4 mmol.l-1). No other significant differences were found between the 2 treatments at any time point. These data indicate that the acute effect of albuterol inhalation at twice the recommended dosage has no positive effect on endurance performance measures or pulmonary function in athletes who are not asthmatic.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

The effect of repeat action albuterol sulfate (Proventil Repetabs) in nocturnal symptoms of asthma.

At four medical centers, 98 patients with stable asthma, histories of nighttime awakening at least three times weekly and nighttime declines of pulmonary function of at least 15%, who were not taking oral adrenergic agonists, were randomly treated with either oral repeat-action albuterol sulfate (Proventil Repetabs), 4 mg in the morning and 4-16 mg at bedtime, or a placebo for 2 weeks. All patients were required to have nocturnal symptoms of asthma, with prior use of bronchodilators other than oral adrenergic agonists to be eligible for the study. The patients maintained a diary of asthma symptom scores and recorded peak flow rates at home at bedtime and in the morning. They had spirometry (FEV1, FVC, and PEFR) after a 1-week baseline stabilization period, and after 1 and 2 weeks of double-blind oral therapy as noted above. Efficacy was evaluated by changes in the bedtime and morning peak flow rates, changes in the number of nighttime awakenings, results of office spirometry testing, and by physician and patient global evaluations of response to therapy. Of the 98 patients in the study, 47 received oral albuterol, and 51 received placebo. The patients on albuterol had a statistically significant reduction in the number of nighttime awakenings (p less than or equal to 0.01), as compared with the patients on placebo; this included both the average number of awakenings per week (p = 0.04), and the mean number of nights with awakenings per week (p = 0.04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Metaproterenol (Alupent) metered dose inhaler in children 5-12 years of age.

This multiclinic study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of metaproterenol sulfate (Alupent) metered dose inhaler in children with asthma ages 5 to 12 years. A total of 268 children completed this study according to the protocol, having received either metaproterenol or placebo for 30 consecutive days. Full spirometric testing was done pre- and postdose on Days 1 and 30 for a total duration of 6 hours on each day. The results showed that metaproterenol was consistently superior to placebo in all pulmonary function parameters measured on Days 1 and 30. This difference was statistically significant for peak values and areas under the curves for both FEV1 and FEF25-75%. There were no significant side effects noted. We conclude that metaproterenol metered dose inhaler is safe and effective in the treatment of asthma in children ages 5 to 12 years.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of multiple doses of azelastine to adult patients with bronchial asthma over time.

Azelastine is a new oral antiasthma agent with bronchodilating and antiallergic properties. This 12-wk study compared azelastine (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg) and placebo given twice a day in asthmatics 12 to 60 yr of age requiring daily bronchodilator therapy. Patients were allowed albuterol aerosol, short-acting theophylline, and pseudoephedrine only as needed. The study was completed by 221 asthmatic subjects. No significant differences in symptoms, medication, or pulmonary function existed between groups at baseline. Analysis of the zero hour FEV1 before azelastine administration on eight occasions during the 12 wk of therapy indicated an increasing slope for azelastine 6 mg that was statistically different from that of placebo; similarly, the slope for azelastine 4 mg showed the same trend, but it did not reach statistical significance. All azelastine groups had significant reductions of as-needed medication after 1 wk; only in the 4-mg and 6-mg groups was this reduction sustained for 12 wk. Asthma symptom scores and peak expiratory flow measurements remained stable in the azelastine groups despite significant reductions in concomitant medication administration. Side effects were minor and included: altered taste (30.1 to 51.9%), drowsiness (6.0 to 16.9%), and dry mouth (3.8 to 6.1%). The occurrence of these adverse events decreased with time throughout the study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

SCH 434: a new antihistamine/decongestant for seasonal allergic rhinitis.

In a double-blind, multicenter study, we compared the effects of SCH 434 (Claritin-D; Schering Corp., Kenilworth, N.J.), a new sustained-release, combination antihistamine/decongestant medication, with the effects of its individual components and placebo in 435 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. SCH 434 contains 5 mg of loratadine, a nonsedating antihistamine, and 120 mg of pseudoephedrine as the decongestant component. Administered twice daily in this study, SCH 434 effected a 50% decrease in total symptom scores at day 4 and was significantly (p less than or equal to 0.03) more effective than the components alone or the placebo. Loratadine or pseudoephedrine alone, with 43% and 33% decline in symptom scores, respectively, also was more effective than placebo (p less than 0.05). As expected, pseudoephedrine alone was more effective than loratadine (p less than 0.01) in relieving nasal stuffiness; SCH 434 was more effective (p less than or equal to 0.01) than placebo and loratadine in relieving nasal stuffiness. All treatments were safe and well tolerated, although insomnia and dry mouth were noted in a significant number of patients who received either SCH 434 or pseudoephedrine. No serious side effects were noted. The incidence of sedation did not differ significantly among the four treatment groups. We conclude that SCH 434 is a safe and effective treatment for symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis. The combination drug (SCH 434) was better than its components for some, but not all, symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Procaterol metered-dose inhaler: a multiclinic study evaluating the efficacy and safety in patients with asthma.

Procaterol hydrochloride aerosol, a potent beta 2-adrenergic bronchodilator, was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study for efficacy and safety in 210 patients with documented mild to moderate reversible airway obstruction. Patients were randomized to receive procaterol in two inhalations (high dose) or one inhalation (low dose), 0.01 mg/inhalation, three times daily, or placebo. Pulmonary function tests were recorded at five and 30 minutes and hourly for eight hours after the first dose and following 1 and 2 weeks of treatment. Both doses of procaterol produced significantly greater improvement in PFTs at one hour and for up to seven hours after dosing compared with placebo (p less than 0.05). Mean percent increases in FEV1 were 35% in the high-dose group and 29% in the low-dose group at week 2. The high-dose group showed no loss of duration of bronchodilation with continued dosing. Improvement in PFTs and peak flow rates was significantly greater in the high-dose than in the low-dose group (p less than 0.05). Tremor was the most frequent side effect. Procaterol had no effect on electrocardiograms, heart rate, blood pressure, or clinical laboratory tests. The high dose of procaterol aerosol was shown to be an effective and well-tolerated bronchodilator with a rapid onset and long duration of action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of azelastine in perennial allergic rhinitis: clinical and rhinomanometric evaluation.

Azelastine is a chemically novel medication that has been demonstrated to be clinically effective for asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis. In a 10-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, the efficacy and safety of azelastine, 1 mg and 2 mg twice daily, were evaluated in 192 patients with symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis. Patients maintained daily symptom and adverse-experience diaries and were evaluated every 2 weeks by the investigators. Pseudoephedrine, 30 mg, was provided as backup medication. Amelioration of most individual symptoms and a decrease in the total symptom scores were observed with both dosages of azelastine; greater improvement with 2 mg twice daily than with 1 mg twice daily, was observed. Nasal congestion, as a symptom and as reflected by rhinomanometric assessment, was the least improved parameter. Backup decongestant medication decreased during treatment with azelastine and increased during the placebo regimen. There were no major adverse effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Use of ipratropium bromide in asthma. Results of a multi-clinic study.

A multi-center, double-blind, 90-day study compared an ipratropium bromide metered-dose inhaler (40 microgram four times a day) with a metaproterenol metered-dose inhaler (1,500 micrograms four times a day) in 164 patients with asthma; of the 144 patients who completed the study, 71 received ipratropium and 73 received metaproterenol. Our results suggest that both drugs were equally effective bronchodilators. Although the shape of the pulmonary function response curves suggested that ipratropium has different bronchodilator kinetics than metaproterenol (in that it has a slower onset of action and a more prolonged duration), comparison of the areas under the curves for the two drugs showed that there was no statistical difference between ipratropium or metaproterenol. The only significant side effects noted with ipratropium were cough and exacerbation of symptoms; no anticholinergic side effects were noted.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1986

A group comparative study of the safety and efficacy of nedocromil sodium (Tilade) in reversible airways disease: a preliminary report.

Nedocromil sodium in a dose of 4 mg b.i.d. or q.i.d. by inhalation was used to treat asthmatic patients in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel study. 80 patients (39 active drug and 41 placebo) received q.i.d. dosage and 87 patients (45 active drug and 42 placebo) received b.i.d. dosage. The patients selected were not on oral or inhaled steroids but required oral sustained-release theophylline with or without an inhaled beta-agonist aerosol. There was a significant reduction in daytime asthma symptoms (p = 0.04) and asthma severity (p less than 0.01) 6 weeks after the onset of therapy in the nedocromil sodium q.i.d. treated group as compared with placebo. In the nedocromil sodium b.i.d. treated group, the following variables showed statistically significant improvements compared with placebo: daytime and night-time asthma (p = 0.002 in both instances), wheezing assessed by auscultation (p = 0.03) and overall asthma severity (p less than 0.01). All these variables showed improvements within 2 weeks of the onset of therapy and became statistically significant at 6 weeks. Side-effects were minor and occurred only in a small number of patients. It can be concluded from this study that nedocromil sodium is a safe and effective drug in the management of asthma.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1986

Bitolterol mesylate aerosol in adults with steroid-dependent asthma: a comparison with isoproterenol hydrochloride aerosol.

A double-blind randomized study of 29 patients was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and possible subsensitivity of bitolterol mesylate aerosol and isoproterenol hydrochloride aerosol in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe steroid-dependent asthma. Patients received two sprays, three times a day, of either bitolterol or isoproterenol for 3 months. There were four 8-hour office visits at approximately 30-day intervals to assess pulmonary function. On days when pulmonary functions were evaluated, electrocardiogram and laboratory analysis were performed to help assess safety. Both medications gave bronchodilatation within five minutes. Bitolterol had a maximum effect within 60 minutes while isoproterenol was within 15 minutes. The magnitude of peak effect was consistently greater for bitolterol, but not statistically different from isoproterenol. The mean FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second) remained at least 15% or greater above baseline for four to eight hours postmedication for bitolterol on the four monthly pulmonary function test days, compared with one to two hours postmedication for isoproterenol. Both medications were well tolerated, with no significant changes in pulse rate, blood pressure, or respiratory rate. Adverse reactions were mild to moderate in nature and were typical sympathomimetic effects. There were no clinically significant laboratory changes or electrocardiographic findings. During the 3-month study, there was no evidence of subsensitivity. Bitolterol mesylate aerosol was shown to be an effective bronchodilator with a prolonged duration of action in steroid-dependent asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Procaterol metered-dose inhaler in adults with asthma.

Procaterol hydrochloride is a new sympathomimetic amine which is highly selective for beta-2 receptors. The drug has been previously studied in the oral dosage form and has been found to be an effective bronchodilator with a prolonged duration of action. The present study evaluated the procaterol metered-dose inhaler (in comparison to placebo) in 30 adult patients with asthma during a 2-week treatment period. The drug was shown to be an effective bronchodilator with a prolonged duration of action.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hay fever symptoms from the cotton of the cottonwood tree.

A group of twenty-four patients reported hay fever symptoms during the time of the year that the cotton of the cottonwood tree was blowing in the air (June and July). This investigation tried to identify the cause of their symptoms. Eight of the twenty-four had positive skin tests to the cotton, and eighteen had positive nasal challenges.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

Miller moth asthma.

The characteristics of the allergen producing asthma caused by inhaled miller moth particles were investigated by skin testing and by Sephadex fractionation. No major difference in skin test reactivity was found between the wings and the bodies of the moths. Two fractions of the moth extracts were found to contain allergic reactivity. The importance of detailed history-taking in order to discover such causes of asthma is stressed.

Adolescent↗