[Comments on the theoretical hypotheses of borderline personality disorder].
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Borderline Personality Disorder↗
Biomedical subjects
W Wölk
Publications and source records attributed to W Wölk.
[Explaining and understanding in psychiatry].
The philosophical debate on explanation and understanding also led to basic methodological reflections in psychiatry. Subsuming one fact under a general law is the characteristic feature of scientific explanations. In this way, deductive conclusions can be achieved with a high degree of objectivity. Hermeneutical understanding makes way for interpretations in front of a given theoretical matrix. On the other hand, sympathetic understanding is a matter of conceiving single-part items as a consequence of other singular aspects (e.g., tracing back an action to an intention). If one understands the growth of knowledge as a rational and critical process, it seems no more justified to insist on exclusive methodologically based positions.
Empathy↗
[Diagnosis--versus pseudo-syndrome related medicine].
One essential prerequisite for the high therapeutic effectiveness of scientific based medicine is to find out the most exact diagnosis as possible. This principle is disregarded from the pseudo-syndrome related medicine. This wide spread medical practise leads to unclear diagnostic entities. For this reason, grave shortcomings e. g. for therapy emerge.
Depression↗
[Is psychoanalytic psychotherapy an "alternative method"].
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Combined Modality Therapy↗
[Somatoform pain and work capacity].
In DSM-III-(R) functional syndromes are introduced, which are partly important for the earning capacity of the afflicted patients. In this paper the somatoform pain disorder is discussed exemplary. According to the DSM-III-R patients with somatoform pain disorder gets typically incapacitated for working. Problems of examination of these patients are reflected in regard of the social insurance pension for patients with traditional neurosis. The construct of the somatoform pain disorder implies not a well-differentiated concept as it existed in the neurosis. Finding out the correct diagnosis depends mainly on the patients self description. Because of this, there are problems to distinguish this disorder from malingering. The estimation of the earning capacity depends mainly on the severity of the disorder, which can be determined analogous to the neurosis. Important social medical aspects (e.g. early recognition) are pointed out.
Disability Evaluation↗
[Social medicine aspects of persistent somatoform pain disorder].
Persistent somatoform pain disorder is a mental disease the symptom of which--namely, physical pain--cannot be satisfactorily explained by physical findings. This is a frequently occurring disease. But it is often not identified or at least not recognised at an early stage. This leads to negative effects on the patient (e.g. chronification) and on the national social welfare system (for example, costs can mount up to thousands of million DM for medical and social welfare measures). To reduce these problems as far as possible, it is imperative to recognise the disease at an early stage. In particular, those doctors who are mainly engaged in the medical treatment of organs must be familiar with the possibility of functional pain arising from psychic factors, and they must be able to identify it in individual cases, at least as a tentative diagnosis.
Chronic Disease↗
[The past and future of the hysteria concept].
Hysterical disorders can become apparent in physical and psychological symptoms as well as in personality traits--these may occur alone or combined. In modern medicine, the manifold nature of hysteria has always posed an immense problem in regard to the precise definition of this disorder. Several times the uselessness of the term hysteria has been stressed and its abolition suggested. Some psychiatrists have wished to exclude it from medicine altogether. In DSM-III the hysterical disorders were described in a new form and with a changed terminology; in ICD-10 a similar approach was adopted. Differences in between these systems of classification are pointed out and discussed.
Diagnosis, Differential↗