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Biomedical subjects

W Weston

Publications and source records attributed to W Weston.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The effects of family nursing and family medicine clinical rotations on nursing and medical students' self-efficacy for health promotion counseling.

The effects of community-based family nursing and medicine clinical rotations on students' confidence in their knowledge and ability to counsel clients in selected health promotion areas were examined from the perspective of Bandura's (1986) self-efficacy theory. Nursing students (n=66) enrolled in a community family nursing course and medical students (n=71) enrolled in a 6-week family practice clerkship rotation completed questionnaires at three points: prior to, at completion of, and 3 months following their clinical rotations. Nursing and medical students' self-efficacy levels at pretest were similar. At-posttest, nursing students' self-efficacy was significantly higher than that of the medical students. This difference was sustained at 3 months follow up. Students' conception of health (clinical vs. nonclinical) did not have an effect on posttest self-efficacy levels. Self-efficacy scores accounted for 63% of the variance in the nursing students' self-reported use of health promotion principles in their daily practice; but only 11% of the variance in medical students' daily practice. The results of this exploratory study provide information to guide theory-informed curricular decisions to design clinical learning activities that foster the development of health promotion counseling skills in both nursing and medical students.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Prenatal diagnosis of amniotic band syndrome in a methadone user: review of the literature and a case report.

We present a case and review of the literature of an amniotic band causing malformation in the distal forearm in a baby born to a methadone-dependent mother. This diagnosis was made prenatally at the routine 18-20-week gestation anomaly ultrasound scan. Histology of the amniotic band postpartum revealed hair shafts within its structure. This has not previously been documented, nor has an association of this syndrome with systematic abuse of methadone. The fact that this anomaly could be detected by prenatal ultrasound scanning is of value in the counselling of high-risk pregnancies such as this.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effective teaching behaviours of rural family medicine preceptors.

OBJECTIVE: To describe effective teaching behaviours of rural family medicine preceptors. DESIGN: Descriptive qualitative study using the critical incident technique. SETTING: Rural Manitoba community practices affiliated with the University of Manitoba's 8-week family medicine/community medicine rotation (clinical clerkship). PARTICIPANTS: All family medicine preceptors and fourth-year medical students involved in two family medicine rotations from Mar. 11 to June 14, 1991. During the first rotation all 12 students and 21 preceptors participated. During the second rotation 12 of the 13 students and 20 of the 21 preceptors participated. The overall response rate was 97%. OUTCOME MEASURES: Effective and less effective preceptor teaching behaviours. RESULTS: During 120 telephone interviews (48 with the students and 72 with the preceptors) 275 critical teaching incidents were elicited. Over 800 teaching behaviours were identified, and seven main categories describing effective teaching behaviours of preceptors were formed: (a) actively involves the student, providing adequate supervision and appropriate independence, (b) develops and fosters a supportive interpersonal relationship with the student to facilitate learning, (c) emphasizes problem solving and the understanding of general principles, (d) balances clinical and teaching responsibilities, (e) demonstrates clinical and professional competence, (f) uses an organized approach, including goal setting and summation, and (g) provides the student with ongoing feedback, assessments and evaluations. CONCLUSION: The teaching behaviours described in this study augment and corroborate findings from previous studies on clinical teaching and provide a better understanding of effective teaching behaviours. The findings suggest a curriculum for a faculty-development program for rural family medicine preceptors.

Canada↗
PubMed1995

Trisomy 22: prenatal diagnosis--a case report.

Multiple abnormalities of a fetus were detected on a routine antenatal anomaly scan at 19 weeks' gestation. Amniocentesis and karyotype analysis showed trisomy 22. The ultrasound and postmortem features are presented.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of mometasone furoate 0.1% cream and hydrocortisone 1.0% cream in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis.

We conducted a 6-week randomized, blinded study that compared mometasone furoate 0.1% cream, applied once daily, and hydrocortisone 1.0% cream, applied twice daily, in 48 children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. Mometasone furoate, a moderate-potency steroid, produced significantly greater improvement than the low-potency hydrocortisone used twice daily. The difference in therapeutic response was particularly evident in patients with involvement of more than 25% of their body surface area. Morning plasma cortisol levels were assayed before treatment, after 1 week of therapy, and at the end of the clinical trial. Plasma cortisol levels were transiently suppressed in one child who was treated with hydrocortisone and in none of the children treated with mometasone.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

A simple and improved method for direct and indirect immunofluorescent staining.

Several technics for immunofluorescent staining have been described in the literature and are presently used by laboratories performing direct and indirect tissue immunofluorescence. The purpose of this communication is to describe a simple immunofluorescent technic that uses a five-slide polypropylene slide mailer containing the diluted conjugated antisera. This technic eliminates the need for an incubation chamber, decreases background staining, and uses less antiserum.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1985

A graduate programme for academic family physicians.

The paper describes a graduate studies programme designed to prepare outstanding family physicians for academic leadership and reports an evaluation of the programme. The programme aims to produce academic family physicians who exhibit certain qualities: outstanding clinical skills, professional interest in the organization and transmission of knowledge, and a scholarly approach through research and skills of leadership. The course includes clinical and teaching practice, formal course work and a scholarly thesis; the emphasis is on teaching and learning, theoretical foundations of family medicine, whole person medicine, research design and techniques, ethical decision making, and administration of organizations. A survey of the first 30 graduates of the programme indicated that the majority did more clinical teaching, small group teaching, research, writing and administration than before the course. The graduates' opinions of the programme indicated the extent to which the programme goals have been met; to provide a coherent learning experience integrating the art, science and technology of the discipline of family medicine.

Canada↗
PubMed1980

The prevalence of obesity and thinness in children from a lower socioeconomic population receiving comprehensive health care.

The relative body weights of 1830 children from low-income families ranging in age from 2 months to 18 years were calculated using the weight-for-length index (WLI). The effects of age, sex and race on WLI were tested with a 3-way analysis of variance test. A significant age and race interaction was found for the whole sample, as well as significant age and sex interaction for blacks only. Additional analysis revealed that most of the variance in WLI could be explained by weight variations in black females. When the children were classified as obese, overweight, and thin basedon their WLI scores, black males were found to have the lowest prevalence of obesity followed by slightly higher values for the other groups. When overweight and obese children were combined into one group, black females had the highest prevalence of overweight-obese children followed by white males, black males, and white females. In contrast, white females had the highest prevalence of thinness, followed by white males, black females, and black males. Additional analysis suggested that there are important social and/or environmental factors within this particular socioeconomic group that are interacting with biological processes to influence the prevalence of obesity and thinness within each age group.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

An educational strategy for teaching psychosocial pediatrics.

The functions and operation of two outpatient clinics, the Pediatric Family Clinic and the Child Psychiatric Consultative Service, are described to illustrate an approach to teaching residents and medical students how to diagnose and deal with the psychosocial problems frequently encountered in children. Learning experiences in this busy ambulatory setting are pediatric and family practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role perceptions of freshman and senior nursing and medical students and attitudes toward collaborative decision making.

David Kolb's (1981) experiential learning theory was used to examine differences between first- and fourth-year nursing and medical students' perceptions of competencies important for nursing and medicine. A convenience sample of nursing (n = 109) and medical (n = 108) students from a large Canadian research university was surveyed. Respondents completed the Environmental Press Questionnaire, the Adaptive Competency Scale, and a 6-item measure of attitudes toward collaborative nurse-physician patient care decision making. Nursing students' perceptions of competencies important for medicine were found to be more congruent with medical students' perceptions of these competencies than were medical students' perceptions of competencies important for nursing as seen by nursing students. Gaps in perceptions of each others' roles were significantly negatively related to attitudes toward collaborative patient care decision making.

Adult↗