Urinary dopamine/noradrenaline and dopamine/vanillylmandelic acid ratios as a reflection of different biology of adrenergic clones in children's neuroblastic tumors.
The results of calculations of urinary dopamine/noradrenaline (DA/NAd) and dopamine/vanillylmandelic acid (DA/VMA) ratios in 54 untreated children with neuroblastic tumors are reported. Thirteen patients were in the prognostically favorable group (stages I, II, and IV-S and ganglioneuroma [GN]), and 41 had advanced neuroblastoma (stage III and IV). Among patients with ganglioneuroma and favorable neuroblastoma (n = 13), of whom all were survivors, the urinary DA/NAd and DA/VMA ratios exceeded 1.8 in only 2 cases of stage IV-S and stage I, respectively. In the advanced neuroblastoma group, the DA/NAd and DA/VMA ratios exhibited a wide range of values, but among the stage III and IV survivors (n = 10), DA/NAd ratios greater than 1.8 were noted in only 3 patients. The DA/VMA ratio was not greater than 1.8 in those 3 patients. The mean DA/NAd and DA/VMA proportions in the population comprising all survivors were 1.8 +/- 2.7 (mean +/- SD) and 1.1 +/- 0.4, respectively. The same computations carried out in patients who died showed higher values, ie, the mean DA/NAd and DA/VMA ratios were 5.2 +/- 6.3 and 5.6 +/- 10.5, respectively, showing the difference in DA/NAd and DA/VMA ratios between prognostically favorable and unfavorable groups. Of 23 survivors, only 4 had DA/NAd ratios greater than 1.8 (17%), while 24 of 31 children who died (77%) had DA/NAd ratios was greater than 1.8. The reported results suggest dissimilarity in the catecholamine metabolism of adrenergic clones with respect to the stage of advancement of neoplastic disease.