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W Zatoński

Publications and source records attributed to W Zatoński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Nicotine dependence versus smoking prevalence: comparisons among countries and categories of smokers.

OBJECTIVES: To collect available international data on nicotine dependence as defined by the Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence, and to compare levels of dependence among countries and categories of smokers. DATA SOURCES: Published and unpublished studies known to the authors and a search of EMBASE from 1985-1995. STUDY SELECTION: Studies included were those based on a nationally representative sample of a country's population, or a sample of smokers seeking cessation assistance. DATA SYNTHESIS: Smokers who seek help in stopping smoking are much more dependent than the average smoker. Men consistently score higher on dependence than women. Ex-smokers appear to have lower dependence than current smokers. A country with low smoking prevalence, the United States, seems to have smokers with higher dependence scores than countries where smoking is more prevalent (such as Austria and Poland). CONCLUSIONS: Successful tobacco control may result in a higher dependence among the remaining smokers (due to selective quitting by low-dependent smokers). The remaining highly dependent smokers may need more intensive treatment.

Culture↗
PubMed1994

Testicular cancer in nine northern European countries.

The incidence of testicular cancer was examined in the Nordic and Baltic countries, Poland and Germany by collaboration among 10 cancer registries. Population-based registers were used to analyze a total of 34,309 cases, diagnosed from the start of registration (varying from 1943 in Denmark to 1980 in Latvia and Lithuania) through 1989. An approximately 10-fold geographical variation was found in 1980, with the highest age-standardized incidence rate (7.8 per 10(5); world standard population) in Denmark and the lowest (0.9) in Lithuania. During the entire period of registration, incidence increased rapidly in all countries, by 2.3 to 3.4 per cent annually in the Nordic countries and by about 5 per cent in Poland and Germany; there was some evidence of a slower increase in Denmark and Poland after 1975. The rising trend was more pronounced for ages below 30. The age-specific incidence peaked in all countries at ages 25 to 34, but the geographical variation was considerable. Our data indicate that environmental influences on testicular cancer are strong. Exposure to causal factors mostly takes place early in life, shows substantial geographical variation, and increases over time, so that the age-standardized incidence doubles every 15 to 25 years. New aetiological hypotheses are needed to accommodate these salient features of the descriptive epidemiology, since risk factors considered so far cannot explain the observed pattern.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cancer mortality among Polish migrants to Australia.

This paper investigates the risk of cancer in Polish migrants to Australia, and compares the results with earlier studies, as well as with results of studies of Polish migrants in other countries. Poisson regression models were used to estimate the risk of death in Polish migrants, relative to the Australia-born, as well as the relative risk of cancer in Poland compared to the Australia-born. In migrant males, a significantly lower risk was found for oral cavity and pharynx, larynx, melanoma, prostate and Hodgkin's disease, while a significantly elevated risk was found for stomach, liver, pancreas, kidney and thyroid gland. In migrant females, a risk significantly lower than in Australian-born individuals was found for oral cavity, colon, melanoma, breast and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Relative risk significantly higher than in Australia-born was detected for stomach, gall bladder, pancreas, cervix uteri, nervous system and thyroid gland. For some of these cancers, the risk in migrants approximates to that of the Australia-born with increasing duration of stay. Thus, there are progressive increases in risk for colon cancer in males, and breast cancer and melanoma in females, and decreases in risk for stomach and bladder cancers in males, and uterine cancers in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Cancer in Poland.

As in other European countries, cancer is the second most frequent cause of death in Poland. Estimates say that some 100,000 Poles will have developed various cancers every year by the end of the 1980s. The number of cancer-related deaths reached 71,509 by 1989. The constantly growing number of new cases and deaths from cancer is one of the most characteristic features of malignant neoplasms in Poland. The recent decades have seen major changes in the structure of cancer in Poland. This is true for both sexes. By the end of the 1980s, the predominating neoplastic disease in men was cancer of the lung. It was the cause of 34.3% of cancer-related deaths in 1989. In women, malignant neoplasms of the breast, large bowel, and stomach represent about 33% of all cancer localizations. Geographic distribution of mortality ascribed to cancer shows an east-west pattern. This is true particularly for such cancer sites as the large bowel, gall bladder, pancreas, uterine cervix, urinary bladder, breast, ovary; it seems to have a clear connection with the geographic pattern of urbanization in Poland.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Cancer of the larynx in Warsaw and in selected rural areas.

Incidence of the laryngeal cancer especially in males, dramatically increased in Poland. Patterns and time trend of the laryngeal cancer, based on the data from Warsaw Cancer Registry from 1963-1977 have been presented. Tobacco and alcohol consumption in Poland has been discussed considering the observed increase in laryngeal incidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Acquired enzymopathy of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in acute viral hepatitis.

Erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from patients with acute viral hepatitis has been purified and characterized. The enzyme showed decreased activity (relative to protein), reduced affinity for glucose 6-phosphate and was inactivated at 45 degrees C or at low pH values. The activity and properties of normal erythrocyte enzyme, incubated in vitro with blood plasma of patients, showed a similar pattern of modifications. Incubation with bilirubin affected the enzyme stability, but not its activity or affinity for substrate.

Bilirubin↗