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Biomedical subjects

Wei Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Wei Jiang.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Analysis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma heterogeneity based on coupled two-way clustering].

Microarray technology has proposed a powerful tool in dealing with the heterogeneity of disease. Currently, many methods in the field are based on traditional hierarchical clustering to discover subtypes of disease using a large number of genes on microarray.However, they did not considered that large unrelated noise (genes)may mask significant partitions and correlations of disease samples. To avoid the shortcoming, this paper presented a heterogeneous analysis based on coupled two-way clustering (HCTWC) to search interesting gene signature and find the natural partitions of disease samples. The method was applied to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) microarray dataset. By identifying significant gene signature, we were able to discover the two new subtypes of DLBCL with survival rate 55% and 25% respectively. The results showed that HCTWC had the potential to be a powerful tool for solving the heterogeneity of disease on gene expression profile.

Cluster Analysis↗
PubMed2006

Rigorous analysis of diffraction gratings of arbitrary profiles using virtual photonic crystals.

A new approach is developed to calculate diffraction efficiency for a dielectric grating with an arbitrary refractive index profile. By treating a one-dimensional grating as a segment of a virtual two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal, we exploit a rigorous theory of photonic crystal refraction and calculate the diffraction efficiencies. We expand, analytically in many cases, the dielectric function of the grating into 2D Fourier series. We find the eigenmodes for the virtual photonic crystal, and then use these eigenmodes to match the boundary conditions by solving a set of linear equations. In two such simple steps, the diffraction efficiencies can be computed rigorously without slicing the grating into thin layers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Arsenate sorption on two Chinese red soils evaluated with macroscopic measurements and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy.

Arsenic sorption is the primary factor that affects the bioavailability and mobility of arsenic in soils. To elucidate the characteristics and mechanisms of arsenate, As(V), sorption on soils, a combination of sorption isotherms, zeta potential measurements, and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy was used to investigate As(V) sorption on two Chinese red soils. Arsenate sorption increased with increasing As(V) concentration and was insensitive to ionic strength changes at pH 6.0. Arsenate, mainly as H2AsO4- in soil solution at pH 6.0, was strongly sorbed mainly through ligand exchange by the two soils. The sorption capacity was affected by the iron and aluminum mineral contents in the soils. The zeta potential measurements showed that As(V) sorption lowered the zeta potential and the points of zero charge of the soils. The EXAFS data indicate that adsorbed As(V) forms inner-sphere complexes with bidentate-binuclear configurations, as evidenced by an As-Fe bond distance of 3.28 +/- 0.04 A and an As-Al bond distance of 3.17 +/- 0.03 A. The two As(V) complexes were stable at different As(V) loadings, whereas the proportions were related to the aluminum and iron mineral contents in the soils. This study illuminated the importance of inclusion of microscopic and macroscopic experiments to elucidate sorption behavior and mechanisms.

Absorption↗
PubMed2006

[Clinical efficacy of treatment for regulating Pi and protecting Xin in treating patients after coronary artery bypass grafting and its effect on patients' quality of life].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of treatment for regulating Pi and protecting Xin (abbr. as CHM) and its effect on quality of life (QOL) in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: One hundred and six patients, who were planned to undergo CABG were assigned into two groups, the 51 patients in the control group were treated with conventional Western medicinal treatment (WM) and the 55 patients in the experimental group were treated by WM with additional medication of CHM constituted mainly by modified Huxin Recipe. The changes of symptoms and heart function were observed and the patients' QOL was evaluated by SF-36 Scale. RESULTS: After being treated for 3 months, the total scores of symptoms in the experimental group was significantly improved in comparing with that in the control group (P < 0.01), the clinical efficacy on symptoms of TCM and improvement of heart function were superior to those in the control group (P < 0.05) respectively. The scores in terms of pain, vitality, role of emotion, mental health, health transition of patients in the experimental group according to SF-36 scale were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Treatment for regulating Pi and protecting Xin by modified Huxin Recipe can improve the recovery process of patients after CABG, elevate patients' heart function, symptoms and QOL.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Permeability of different Dexamethasone drugs through round window membrane].

OBJECTIVE: To analysis the effect of sustained delivering two adjuncts alginate sodium (ALG) and carboxymethylated chitosan (CHI) on permeating of dexamethasone (DXM) through experimental apparatus to round window membrane. METHODS: The experimental apparatus for round window membrane in vitro was designed by simulating the environment of middle ear and scala tympani. Different drugs of DXM sodium included variable concentrations of ALG and CHI were prepared. Using the experimental apparatus, DXM permeating from round window membrane was sampled in 9 hours while its quantities were measured with high performance liquid chromatography, and then different pharmaceutical equations were simulated. RESULTS: The releasing quantity of control group (without any adjuncts) rose rapidly within 3 hours, and then approximated to balance. ALG (25 g/L) + CHI(4 g/L) or ALG(25 g/L) + CHI(6 g/L) showed the great effect of sustained release, but ALG (25 g/L) alone took the second place. CHI (4 g/L) alone enhanced the transmembranous permeability. CONCLUSIONS: With the in vitro apparatus, DXM could permeate through the round window membrane. DXM added with appropriate component of ALG and CHI could be good drugs for sustained release.

Alginates↗
PubMed2006

[Study on TCM syndrome differentiation rules in coronary artery bypass grafting patients during peri-operation period].

OBJECTIVE: To study the TCM syndrome differentiation rules in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients during peri-operation period. METHODS: According to the Guideline for Clinical Trail of Traditional Chinese New Drugs and experience of Professor DENG Tie-tao, the standard of TCM syndrome differentiation for CABG patients was established, with which 161 CABG patients were classified before and two weeks after CABG operation. RESULTS: Before CABG, the qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome type was the type most commonly seen (46.0%), the next in turn was the phlegm stagnation type (24.8%), the yang-qi deficiency type (15.5%), and the yin-blood deficiency type (13.7%). While after CABG, the phlegm stagnation syndrome type was the most frequently occurred one (35.9%), then in turn was the yang-qi deficiency type (30.8%), the yin-blood deficiency type (21.2%) and the qi stagnation with blood stasis type (12.2%). CONCLUSION: For patients before CABG, the pathological characteristic is mostly the deficiency in root with excess in superficiality, and the commonest syndrome is the qi stagnation with blood stasis type. For patients after CABG, both deficiency and excess is the pathological characteristic, the Xin-qi and Xin-yang deficiency syndrome the commonest type, and with phlegm as the main pathologic factor.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Responses of regional ecological service value to land use change: A case study of Shapingba County in Chongqing].

Land use has significant effects on the products and services provided by ecosystem, through its interaction with ecosystem processes and services. Taking Shapingba County in Chongqing as an example, and by the Costanza method and ecological sensitivity analysis, this paper analyzed the effects of land use change on ecological service value. The results indicated that from 1992 to 2002, the ecological service value of this County was from dollar 1.74 x 10(7) to dollar 16.8 x 10(7), i. e. , dollar 0.54 x 10(5) was lost. Accordingly, each hectare land suffered an average loss of dollar 13.62. The ecological service value coefficient assigned to different categories of land use had little effects on the total ecological service value, and the total change of ecological service value was inelastic. The summation of the ecological service value coefficients assigned to cultivated land, forestland and garden land was very close to regional actualities. But, the ecological service value coefficient assigned to the waters was higher than the actual value, while rectifying 30 percent of the previous coefficient by 5 667 dollar x hm(-2) x yr(-1) would be very close to the actual one. Applying Costanza method to estimate the change of regional ecological service value was practicable, and would make a reference for the evaluation of land use benefits and the organization of land use planning.

China↗
PubMed2006

[Expression and role of nitric oxide synthase in the testis and epididymis of Macaca fascicularis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the testis and epididymis of macaca fascicularis. METHODS: The immunohistochemical ABC method was used to observe the localization of nitric oxide synthase in the testis and epididymis of the macaca fascicularis. RESULTS: (1) nNOS immunoreactivity was found in the spermatogenic cells of seminiferous tubules, the epithelia of epididymal efferent ducts, sperm and the endothelia of blood vessels; (2) iNOS was expressed in the epididymal efferent duct, the sperm inside the duct, and the myoid cells and endothelia of blood vessels; (3) eNOS immunoreactivity was detected in the interstitial cells of the testis, the epididymal efferent duct, the sperm inside the duct, and the myoid cells and endothelia of blood vessels. CONCLUSION: NOS is extensively expressed in the testis and epididymis of the macaca fascicularis and it may play an important role in such processes as spermatogenesis, sperm maturation and testosterone secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 5 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) protein. METHODS: Nine hundred and forty-five (945) cases of DLBCL (including 177 consultation cases) diagnosed according to the 2001 World Health Organization classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues were enrolled into the study. Immunohistochemical study for anti-ALK-11 was performed using LSAB technique. The ALK-positive cases were further confirmed by immunohistochemical study using EnVision technique. Only ALK-positive cases by EnVision technique were further analyzed by immunostaining for antigens including CD20, CD3, CD30, EMA, granzyme-B, TIA-1 and PC. Immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement study was also performed and follow-up data collected. RESULTS: There were altogether 5 (4 males and 1 female) cases of DLBCL showing expression of ALK protein. The age of the patients ranged from 34 to 72 years. All were primary nodal DLBCL. One case belonged to clinical stage I, 2 in stage II and 2 in stage III. The duration of follow up ranged from 4 to 32 months. Three patients subsequently died and the longest survival was 32 months. Morphologic subtypes included centroblastic 2, anaplastic 1, immunoblastic with plasmacytoid differentiation 1 and plasmablastic 1. Immunohistochemically, 4 cases were CD20 positive (including 2 centroblastic, 1 anaplastic and 1 immunoblastic cases). The plasmablastic case expressed kappa light chain and was negative for CD20. Rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was demonstrated in all 5 cases studied. As for ALK protein staining, a mixed membranous and cytoplasmic (1 immunoblastic case), granular cytoplasmic (2 centroblastic and 1 anaplastic cases) and mixed nuclear and cytoplasmic (1 plasmablastic case) patterns were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Expression of ALK protein is a rare phenomenon in DLBCL and can be seen in centroblastic, anaplastic, immunoblastic and plasmablastic subtypes. It is often associated with aggressive clinical behavior and worse prognosis. A new pattern of ALK protein expression, mixed membranous and cytoplasmic, is reported.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Effect of phosphate on the adsorption of Cu and Cd on natural hematite.

Interactions between anions and cations are important to understand the chemical processes of pollutants in environment. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to investigate the simultaneous adsorption of Cu and Cd on hematite as affected by phosphate. Phosphate pretreatment suppressed the maximum adsorption of Cu and Cd on hematite and moved the adsorption pH edges to a higher pH range. Phosphate application time had a marked impact on Cu and Cd adsorption and longer contact time resulted in more reduction of Cu and Cd adsorption. Results of back-titration, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy study and ionic strength effect on the adsorption revealed that Cu and Cd were adsorbed on hematite mainly through the inner-sphere complex formation mechanism and phosphate treatment reduced the inner-sphere adsorption sites, thus decreasing Cu and Cd adsorption on hematite.

Adsorption↗
PubMed2005

Cornucopian cylindrical aggregate morphologies from self-assembly of amphiphilic triblock copolymer in selective media.

We have investigated, both experimentally and theoretically, the aggregation of ABA amphiphilic triblock copolymers in dilute solution. We observed a number of complex architectures having toroidal and network structures, including some novel ones. The computational analyses of these systems offer some insight into the origins of the self-assembly of these amphiphiles. The results we obtained using real-space self-consistent field theory reveal that the formation of network and toroidal structures from the block copolymers occurs as the result of the breaking of "inhomogeneous vesicles"; the observed polymorphism results from the existence of multiple metastable states.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed2005

Establishing a photothrombotic 'ring' stroke model in adult mice with late spontaneous reperfusion: quantitative measurements of cerebral blood flow and cerebral protein synthesis.

This study sought to establish the photothrombotic 'ring' stroke model with late spontaneous reperfusion in adult mice. By applying a 3.0-mm diameter laser ring-beam (514 nm, 0.21 mm thick, 0.65 W/cm2) onto the exposed skull for 60 secs with concurrent erythrosin B (4.25 mg/kg) intravenous infusion for 15 secs, the centrally located cortical region within the ring locus was progressively encroached by an annular ring-shaped perfusion deficit. In this region, local cerebral blood flow (lCBF) measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry declined promptly after irradiation to 43% of the baseline value at 30 mins poststroke. Using double tracer autoradiography, quantitative lCBF measured with [14C]iodoantipyrine was 46 to 17 to 58 ml/100 g/mins at 4 h to 48 h to 7 days postischemia in this area. Cerebral protein synthesis (CPS), as detected by [3H]leucine incorporation into protein, transiently decreased to 57% to 38% to 112% at 4 h to 48 h to 7 days postischemia in the center region. Morphologically, some neurons in the center region appeared swollen at 4 h. At 48 h, the majority of neurons were severely swollen with eosinophilia and pyknosis, whereas at 7 days poststroke' the tissue morphology became partly restored. The center within the mouse photothrombotic ring lesion thus exhibits reversible alterations of local CBF, CPS and tissue morphology that are reminiscent of the cortical penumbra in other models of focal cerebral ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Toll-like receptor 3 ligand attenuates LPS-induced liver injury by down-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 expression on macrophages.

This study demonstrates that pretreatment with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) significantly decreased the mortality and liver injury caused by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence of d-galactosamine (d-GalN) in C57BL/6 mice. Depletion of natural killer, natural killer T, and T cells did not change the protective effect of poly I:C on LPS/d-GalN-induced liver injury in vivo. However, depletion of macrophages abolished LPS/d-GalN-induced fulminant hepatitis, which could be restored by adoptive transfer of macrophages but not by transfer of poly I:C-treated macrophages. Treatment with poly I:C down-regulated the expression of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on macrophages and reduced the sensitivity of macrophages (Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 mice, or RAW264.7 cells) to LPS stimulation. Poly I:C pretreatment also impaired the signaling of mitogen-activated protein kinases and NF-kappaB induced by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. Blockade of TLR3 with a TLR3 antibody abolished poly I:C down-regulation of TLR4 expression and LPS stimulation of TNF-alpha production in RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that activation of TLR3 by its ligand, poly I:C, induced LPS tolerance by down-regulation of TLR4 expression on macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Hypertension induced by nitric oxide synthase inhibitor increases responsiveness of ventricular myocardium and aorta of rat tissue to adrenomedullin stimulation in vitro.

In this work, we aimed to observe the changes in adrenomedullin (ADM) and its receptor-calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CL), receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1, RAMP2 and RAMP3-in cardiac ventricles and aortas of hypertensive rats, and the responsiveness of injured cardiovascular tissue to ADM, then to illustrate the protective mechanism of ADM on the cardiovascular system. Male SD rats were subjected to treatment with chronic N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. The ADM contents and cAMP production in myocardia and aortas were measured by RIA. The mRNA levels of ADM, CL, and RAMP1-3 were determined by RT-PCR. L-NNA induced severe hypertension and cardiomegaly. The ir-ADM content in plasma, ventricles and aortas in L-NNA-treated animals increased by 80%, 72% and 57% (all p<0.01), respectively. Furthermore, mRNA levels of ADM, CL, RAMP2 and RAMP3 were elevated by 91%, 33%, 50% and 72.5% (all p<0.01), respectively, in ventricles and by 95%, 177%, 74.7% and 85% (all p<0.01), respectively, in aortas. mRNA level of RAMP1 was elevated by 129% (p<0.01) in aortas but no significant difference in ventricles. The elevated mRNA levels of RAMP2 and RAMP3 were positively correlated with that of ADM in hypertrophic ventricles (r=0.633 and 0.828, p<0.01, respectively) and the elevated mRNA levels of CL, RAMP2 and RAMP3 were positively correlated with that of ADM in aortas (r=0.941, 0.943 and 0.736, all p<0.01, respectively). The response of ventricular myocardia and aortas to ADM administration potentiated, and the production of cAMP was increased by 41% and 68% (both p<0.01), respectively. ADM-stimulated cAMP generation in ventricular myocardia and aortas was blocked by administration of both ADM22-52, the specific antagonist of ADM receptor, and CGRP8-37, the antagonist of the CGRP1 receptor. The results showed an increased in cardiovascular ADM generation and an up-regulation of the gene expression of ADM and its receptor-CL, RAMP1-3 during hypertension, augmented responsiveness of ventricular myocardia and aortas of hypertensive rats to ADM, suggesting that these receptors may play a role in the cardiovascular adaptation in response to sub-chronic NO-inhibition.

Adrenomedullin↗
PubMed2005

Synthesis and evaluation of a DHA and 10-hydroxycamptothecin conjugate.

We have synthesized a conjugate of cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexenoic acid (DHA) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), DHA-HCPT. The antitumor activity of DHA-HCPT was evaluated in vitro against L1210 leukemia cells and in experimental animal tumor models including L1210 leukemia, Lewis lung carcinoma, and colon 38 adenocarcinoma. DHA-HCPT showed a greatly improved antitumor efficacy compared to HCPT.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Fluorometric investigation of the interaction of bovine serum albumin with surfactants and 6-mercaptopurine.

Fluorescence quenching in solutions of bovine serum albumin has been investigated in the presence of 6-mercaptopurine and ionic surfactants. Spectroscopic analysis of the emission quenching at different temperatures revealed that the quenching mechanism of bovine serum albumin by 6-mercaptopurine was dynamic quenching mechanism. The Stern-Volmer quenching model has been successfully applied, and the activation energy of the interaction between 6-mercaptopurine and bovine serum albumin as much as 4.26 kJ mol(-1) was calculated. The distance r between donor (bovine serum albumin) and acceptor (6-mercaptopurine) was obtained according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The result of synchronous fluorescence spectra shows that the conformation of bovine serum albumin has been changed at the present of 6-mercaptopurine.

Cetrimonium↗