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Biomedical subjects

Wei Lu

Publications and source records attributed to Wei Lu.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Efficacy of Oral Baicalin in Canine Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Baicalin has shown efficacy in various dermatitis models in animals. However, its therapeutic effects on naturally occurring canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) have not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of baicalin in dogs with cAD. ANIMALS: 56 client-owned dogs were enrolled. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All dogs were randomly divided to receive oral baicalin or placebo over a 90day period. All subjects had veterinary evaluations using the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI-04) during the trial and owners were requested to evaluate itching using the pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS) and to complete a quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaire at Day (D)0 and D90. Additionally, the transepidermal water loss (TEWL), total serum IgE levels (IgE), complete blood count and serum biochemical results were measured at D0 and D90. RESULTS: The significant decreases in CADESI-04 (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), PVAS (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001), TEWL (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.014), IgE (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) and QoL scores (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001) were observed in the baicalin group D90 compared to baseline. When compared to placebo, the baicalin group had significantly lower scores in CADESI-4 and PVAS (p&#x2009;<&#x2009;0.001). A significantly higher proportion of subjects in the baicalin group showed a good-to-excellent treatment response (82.1%) compared to those in the placebo group (35.7%). The treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Baicalin had a significant benefit in alleviating pruritus and reducing clinical signs in dogs with mild-to-moderate cAD and was well tolerated.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Genetically predicted associations between blood cell perturbation responses and bronchiectasis through immune mediation: A Mendelian Randomization study.

BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease characterized by persistent inflammation and structural damage, with substantial clinical and etiologic heterogeneity. Although previous studies have identified associations between blood cells and bronchiectasis, the causal relationships remain unclear. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying blood cell perturbation responses and their potential mediation by immune cells in disease progression are largely unexplored. METHODS: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to explore genetically predicted associations among immune cell traits, blood cell perturbation response phenotypes, and bronchiectasis, based on genome-wide association study summary data. Mediation MR analysis was further applied to assess whether immune cells mediate these associations. Multiple sensitivity analyses, including tests for heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, were performed to evaluate the validity and robustness. RESULTS: Five blood cell perturbation response phenotypes and twenty-nine immune cell traits showed significant genetically predicted associations with bronchiectasis. Mediation analysis showed that natural killer (NK) cell absolute count partially mediated the causal effect between the eosinophil perturbation response and bronchiectasis, with a mediation proportion of 9.626%. CD38 on transitional B cells mediated the causal effect between the monocyte perturbation response and bronchiectasis, with a mediation proportion of 10.580%. Additionally, CD45 on NK cells played a mediating role in the association between the white blood cell perturbation response and bronchiectasis, with a mediation proportion of 10.651%. CONCLUSION: This study systematically explores genetically predicted associations between blood cell perturbation responses and bronchiectasis and highlights potential immune-mediated pathways. These exploratory findings provide novel genetic insights into the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis and identify potential therapeutic targets for future strategies.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

Population-Specific Immunogenomic Alterations in Gallbladder Cancer and Prognostic Significance.

Gallbladder carcinoma is a deadly disease with a poor prognosis, and recent clinical data suggest only a modest benefit of PD1/PDL1 inhibitors in this disease. Optimizing immunotherapeutic approaches will require a detailed understanding of the immunogenomic landscape of this disease worldwide. We combined targeted next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemistry to create detailed immunogenomic landscapes from 2 cohorts of gallbladder cancer cases from the United States (n = 60) and Chile (n = 62). Mutations in TP53, SMAD4, KRAS, PIK3CA, ARID2, ARID1A, ATM, FBXW7, ERBB2, and NF1 were found in both the US and Chilean primary cohorts, as well as amplifications in ERBB2, CCNE1, MDM2/CDK4, and CCND1. Despite similar mutation profiles, the immune profiles were distinct, with the Latin American cohort having higher densities of biomarkers associated with CD4+ T cells and PD-1 but lower densities of CD68+ macrophages compared with the North American cohort. Clustering and correlation analyses suggest novel immune subgroups and clinical associations independently of any specific mutations. Additionally, supported by multiplexed single-cell imaging technology, we identified low CD4 and high V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation as a candidate biomarker pair of poor outcomes. In summary, our findings highlight the importance of sensitivity to geographic location when considering therapeutic developments and pave a path for further immune investigations of this understudied disease.

Humans↗