Treatment effect of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on autonomic nervous activity during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Wei Sun
Publications and source records attributed to Wei Sun.
Coagulation of micro-polluted Pearl River water with IPF-PACls.
Water samples collected from early March 2001 to the end of April 2002 at the branch of Pearl River around the Guangzhou City were analyzed for its micro-polluted characteristics. The coagulation behavior of polyaluminum chlorides (PACls) was then examined focusing on the effect of primary water quality and speciation distribution. The results showed that PACls exhibit better coagulation efficiency than alum in accordance with the different speciation. The turbidity removal property of PACls is evidently better than alum at low dosage. While in neutral zone (about 6.5-7.5), the turbidity removal of PACls decreases owing to the restabilization of particles at higher dosage. The organic matters in raw water exhibit marked influence on coagulation. In acidic zone, organic matters complex with polymer species and promote the formation of flocs. With an increase in pH, the complexation of organics with polymer species gradually decreases, and the removal of organics mainly depends on adsorption. The effect is evidently improved with the raise of B value.
Adsorption↗
[Effects of kidney-tonifying Chinese herbal drugs on human osteoblast Ca2+ intake and mineralization in vitro].
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of kidney-tonifying Chinese herbal drugs on Ca2+ intake and mineralization of human osteoblasts in vitro. METHODS: Human osteoblasts were isolated from the iliac trabecular bone followed by purification and culture at 37 degrees Celsius with 5% CO2. The cells were identified by cell morphology, calcium nodule formation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. The third passage of the cultured osteoblasts were treated with 10% scrum from rat fed with the decoction of the kidney-tonifying Chinese herbal drugs of different concentrations for 30 min, 3 d and 28 d, respectively. The cells treated with 10% rat serum without the drugs served as the control. Flow cytometry was used to observe the changes in cell proliferation and intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and von Kossa staining employed for quantification of the mineral nodules. RESULTS: The osteoblasts obtained were positive for ALP staining and could form calcium nodules in vitro. Flow cytometry showed that the drugs at different concentrations all increased Ca2+ influx, as compared with the control cells. The drugs also increased the relative proliferation index of the osteoblasts, and high concentration of the drugs resulted in greater number of the mineral nodules in the osteoblasts (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The kidney-tonifying Chinese herbal drugs may increase Ca2+ influx and stimulate proliferation and differentiation of adult osteoblasts in vitro.
Alkaline Phosphatase↗
[Observation on HIV-infected patients with otolaryngology surgery].
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the feasibility of otolaryngology surgery on HIV-infected patients. METHOD: Nineteen cases HIV-infected patients whose general examinations were normal were operated. RESULT: Two cases died in the day of operation, 1 case died due to the syndrome of AIDS in the third month after operation, the others are still alive and their symptoms and quality of life improved after operation. CONCLUSION: If general examinations are normal, the otolaryngology surgery can be performed for HIV-infected patients and the assuredness and ratio of survive will be improved.
Adolescent↗
[Effect of benidipine on plasma level of calcitonin gene-related peptide in essential hypertension].
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of benidipine, a calcium channel blocker on the plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in patients with essential hypertension. METHODS: 58 outpatients with essential hypertension were treated with benidipine 4-8 mg/day for 8 weeks. 38 matched healthy people were taken as controls. The plasma levels of CGRP were measured in all patients before and after treatment and in controls. RESULTS: The plasma levels of CGRP in hypertensive patients were significantly lower than those in controls (minimal value: 1.28 vs 39.95 ng/L; maximal value: 43.72 vs 155.59 ng/L; P <0.001). In hypertensive patients, treatment with benidipine for 2 weeks markedly decreased systolic pressure and diastolic pressure and its depressor effect was maintained during the study (P <0.05). At 8 week after treatment, the plasma levels of CGRP in hypertensive patients were significantly increased compared with those before treatment (minimal value: 2.84 vs 1.28 ng/L; maximal value: 123.99 vs 43.72 ng/L; P <0.001). CONCLUSION: Benidipine, a calcium channel blocker significantly decreases blood pressure concomitantly with an increase in the plasma levels of CGRP in the patients with essential hypertension.
Adult↗
Biogenic VOCs emission inventory development of temperate grassland vegetation in Xilin River basin, Inner Mongolia, China.
Given the key role of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to tropospheric chemistry and regional air quality, it is important to generate accurate VOCs emission inventories. However, only a less fraction of plant species, in temperate grassland of Inner Mongolia, has been characterized by quantitative measurements. A taxonomic methodology, which assigns VOCs measurements to unmeasured species, is an applicable and inexpensive alternation for extensive VOCs emission survey, although data are needed for additional plant families and genera to further validate the taxonomic approach in grassland vegetation. In this experiment, VOCs emission rates of 178 plant species were measured with a portable photoionization detector (PID). The results showed the most of genera and some families have consistent feature of their VOCs emission, especially for isoprene, and provide the basic premise of taxonomic methodology to develop VOCs emission inventories for temperate grassland. Then, the taxonomic methodology was introduced into assigning emission rate to other 96 species, which no measured emission rates available here. A systematical emission inventory of temperate grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia was provided and further evidence that taxonomy relationship can serve as a useful guide for generalizing the emissions behavior of many, but not all, plant families and genera to grassland vegetation.
China↗
Calcitonin gene-related peptide gene therapy suppresses reactive oxygen species in the pancreas and prevents mice from autoimmune diabetes.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in autoimmune destruction of islet beta cells, which has been proven to be an important underlying pathogenesis for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a widely distributed neuropeptide, which has been found to play an important role in protecting myocytes from ROS. We hypothesized that exogenous CGRP gene administration before the pathogenic stage of insulitis might suppress the production of ROS and provide a hopeful therapeutic intervention for autoimmune diabetes. We performed CGRP gene transfer by injecting naked plasmid directly into skeletal muscles of mice with electroporation enhancement to achieve a continuous expression of CGRP in skeletal muscles, and thereby its secretion into the circulation. The effect of CGRP gene transfer on the pathogenesis of diabetes was studied in autoimmune diabetic mice induced by multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDS). The CGRP gene therapy decreased morbidity of autoimmune diabetes, and significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia in these mice. CGRP gene transfer inhibited the production of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, it enhanced the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly. The data suggest that intramuscular CGRP gene transfer ameliorates autoimmune destruction of islet beta cells, resulting in significant reduction in diabetes incidence of MLDS diabetes mice. CGRP benefits might be mediated at least in part by inhibiting the oxidative stress in islet beta cells of these mice.
Animals↗
Intramuscular injection of naked plasmid DNA encoding human preproinsulin gene in streptozotocin-diabetes mice results in a significant reduction of blood glucose level.
The insulin complement with gene therapy has been used as an experimental treatment for insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). In the present study, we constructed naked plasmid DNA vector encoding recombinant human preproinsulin gene (pCMV-IN), and injected the plasmids (100 microg/mouse) intramuscularly combined with electroporation, to achieve the in vivo transfer of insulin gene in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic C57 mice. The expression of vector-derived insulin mRNA was detected with RT-PCR in transfected local skeletal muscles. The plasma insulin was elevated significantly in pCMV-IN injected diabetic C57 mice, which was complemented to the level similar to the intact normal control. The protein expression lasted for at least 35 days after the plasmid injection. Gene therapy with pCMV-IN plasmids considerably decreased the blood glucose level in STZ-induced diabetic mice from d 7 to d 35 by about 6 mmol/L. The gene therapy also reduced the mortality of severe diabetic mice significantly from 100% to 37% at the 6th week. Our results indicate that the direct intramuscular injection of naked plasmids encoding human preproinsulin gene achieves the effective expression of insulin. The restoration of insulin decreases blood glucose and increases the survival in severe diabetic mice. The gene therapy might be provided as a practical therapeutic approach to IDDM.
Animals↗
A novel and effective Ni complex catalyst system for the coupling reactions of carbon dioxide and epoxides.
The coupling of carbon dioxide and mono-substituted terminal epoxides or cyclohexene oxide to form cyclic carbonates under a Ni complex catalyst system without using additional organic solvents was achieved in excellent selectivity and TOF.
Journal Article↗
Hrs regulates early endosome fusion by inhibiting formation of an endosomal SNARE complex.
Movement through the endocytic pathway occurs principally via a series of membrane fusion and fission reactions that allow sorting of molecules to be recycled from those to be degraded. Endosome fusion is dependent on SNARE proteins, although the nature of the proteins involved and their regulation has not been fully elucidated. We found that the endosome-associated hepatocyte responsive serum phosphoprotein (Hrs) inhibited the homotypic fusion of early endosomes. A region of Hrs predicted to form a coiled coil required for binding the Q-SNARE, SNAP-25, mimicked the inhibition of endosome fusion produced by full-length Hrs, and was sufficient for endosome binding. SNAP-25, syntaxin 13, and VAMP2 were bound from rat brain membranes to the Hrs coiled-coil domain. Syntaxin 13 inhibited early endosomal fusion and botulinum toxin/E inhibition of early endosomal fusion was reversed by addition of SNAP-25(150-206), confirming a role for syntaxin 13, and establishing a role for SNAP-25 in endosomal fusion. Hrs inhibited formation of the syntaxin 13-SNAP-25-VAMP2 complex by displacing VAMP2 from the complex. These data suggest that SNAP-25 is a receptor for Hrs on early endosomal membranes and that the binding of Hrs to SNAP-25 on endosomal membranes inhibits formation of a SNARE complex required for homotypic endosome fusion.
Animals↗
[Retrospective analysis for first-visiting case data of 272 SARS inpatients in Peking University Third Hospital].
OBJECTIVE: The first-visiting cases of total 272 SARS inpatients admitted in SARS wards in Third Hospital from April 10, 2003 to May 12 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics and diagnostic decision for these patients were described. METHODS: The enrollment of inpatients was ruled with two official standards, i.e., 'Clinical Standards for Diagnosis of SARS, Trial Edition' from Health Ministry, and 'Diagnostic Standards for SARS' from Joint Force of Prevention and Therapy for SARS in Beijing, PRC. The present work was based on the first-visiting case records of these SARS inpatients. RESULTS: The characteristics of gender, age, occupation, contagious history and previous therapy were described in SARS inpatients when they visited the outpatient department for SARS in the first time; the clinical symptoms, physical signs, blood WBC counts and X-ray in lungs were also analyzed. In 272 inpatients who were admitted into SARS wards at their first visiting, 145 patients (53.5%) were finally diagnosed as SARS, well as 97 patients (35.7%) were eliminated. CONCLUSION: In the first visiting of the suspectable SARS patients, the contagious history, clinical symptoms, laboratory results and lung X-ray should be studied comprehensively and thoroughly to avoid omitted or mistaken diagnosis. Most final diagnosis came from the revising of the original decision. The advances in SARS virology and immunology may provide more accurate evidences in SARS diagnosis.
Adult↗
[Chest X-ray changes after discontinuation of glucocorticosteroids treatment on severe acute respiratory syndrome (5 cases report)].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of glucocorticosteroids on severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and chest X ray changes after discontinuation of glucocorticosteroids treatment. METHODS: To retrospectively study the clinical characteristics of 5 cases with SARS and chest X ray changes after discontinuation of glucocorticosteroids. RESULTS: 5 cases were medical workers and had exposure to SARS patients. The incubation periods were 2 to 7 days. They had high fever from the onset of the disease. There were lung infiltrates 1 to 6 days after fever and then methylprednisolone was given to them. Two or three days after glucocorticosteroids treatment, clinical symptoms in these patients were disappeared. The clinical symptoms in case 1, cases 2, case 4 and case 5 weren't deteriorated after discontinuation of methylprednisolone while the presentation in chest X ray was progressed 3-6 days later. No more methylprednisolone was given to the patients and the infiltrates in chest X ray was gradually absorbed in 5-11 days. The temperature in case 3 was elevated again and the shadow in chest X ray was progressed after discontinuation of methylprednisolone due to the low dosage of glucocorticosteroids. When the dosage of methylprednisolone was increased, the temperature tended to be normal and the lung infiltrates began to absorb gradually. CONCLUSION: For the patients with non-severe SARS, if the symptoms were disappeared after discontinuation of glucocorticosteroids, the lung shadow may be progressed. we can closely observe the condition of the disease and no more glucocortisteroids needed to be given to the patients. The lung shadow could be absorbed gradually.
Adult↗
Coronary blood flow regulation in the prediabetic metabolic syndrome.
This study tested whether the pre-diabetic metabolic syndrome impairs coronary blood flow control sufficiently to alter the balance between coronary blood flow and myocardial metabolism. Experiments were conducted in dogs instrumented with catheters in the aorta, coronary sinus, and left ventricle and with flow transducers around the circumflex coronary artery and aorta. Coronary blood flow, myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO(2)), cardiac output, aortic pressure, left ventricular pressure and heart rate were measured at rest and during treadmill exercise in normal, control and high fat fed dogs. High fat feeding for approximately six weeks increased body weight 15%, increased aortic blood pressure 10%, and induced insulin resistance. Fasting plasma insulin levels were increased 2.4-fold while plasma glucose concentration was unchanged relative to controls (5.0 +/- 0.3 mM). The cardiac index increased with exercise but was not altered by high fat feeding. The metabolic syndrome reduced the slope of the relationship between coronary blood flow and MVO(2) ( P < 0.0001) and decreased coronary venous PO(2) at a given level of MVO(2) ( P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the metabolic syndrome impairs the balance between myocardial oxygen delivery and metabolism by tonically vasoconstricting the coronary circulation.
Animals↗
Human corneal stem cells display functional neuronal properties.
PURPOSE: Human corneal limbal stem cells mature and repopulate the superficial layers of the cornea throughout life. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that human corneal stem cells, derived from neural ectoderm, can exhibit functional neuronal properties. METHODS: Human corneal limbal tissue (donor age 6 weeks to 92 years) was obtained from Upstate New York Transplant Services. Tissues were grown as explants on coverslips in DMEM with 10% calf serum. After 7-14 days in vitro, tissues on coverslips were double-immunostained for the stem cell marker, p63, along with nestin and neurotransmitter receptors GABA, dopamine, serotonin, glycine or acetylcholine. We also carried out whole cell current clamp and voltage clamp recordings on corneal stem cell cultures in order to determine their functional neurophysiological properties. RESULTS: Co-localization of p63 with nestin, GABA receptor, glycine receptor, and serotonin receptor immunoreactivity was seen in a small number of cells in the corneal stem cell cultures. The resting potential of corneal stem cells was relatively low, approximately -13+/-8 mV (n=13; range -6 mV to -40 mV) measured in current clamp. No action potentials or voltage sensitive Na+ and K+ currents were detected. However, in a small number of cells, kainic acid (0.5 mM), a non-NMDA glutamate receptor agonist, and GABA induced a small inward current. Glutamate receptor antagonist, CNQX, and GABA receptor antagonist, bicuculline and CGP-35348 blocked the agonist response. CONCLUSIONS: A subpopulation of human corneal stem cells exhibit neuronal properties in vitro, as evidenced by immunoreactivity to nestin, GABA receptor, glycine receptor, and serotonin receptor, as well as functional neurophysiological responses to GABA and kainic acid. Human corneal stem cells may represent a potential source of non-embryonic, autologous, surgically-accessible graft material with neuronal potential.
Adolescent↗
Multiaxial mechanical behavior of biological materials.
For native and engineered biological tissues, there exist many physiological, surgical, and medical device applications where multiaxial material characterization and modeling is required. Because biological tissues and many biocompatible elastomers are incompressible, planar biaxial testing allows for a two-dimensional (2-D) stress-state that can be used to fully characterize their three-dimensional (3-D) mechanical properties. Biological tissues exhibit complex mechanical behaviors not easily accounted for in classic elastomeric constitutive models. Accounting for these behaviors by careful experimental evaluation and formulation of constitutive models continues to be a challenging area in biomechanical modeling and simulation. The focus of this review is to describe the application of multiaxial testing techniques to soft tissues and their relation to modern biomechanical constitutive theories.
Anisotropy↗
Chiral-Mn(salen)-complex-catalyzed kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols in water.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Kinetic study of the effects of inhibitors on the catalyzed dehydration of HCO3- by copper(II) complexes [TpPh]CuX (X- = OH-, N3-, NCS-).
A series of half-sandwich copper(II) complexes [TpPh]CuX ([TpPh] = hydrotris(3-phenyl-pyrazolyl)borate; X- = OH- (1), N3- (2), NCS- (3)) have been synthesized as models for carbonic anhydrase. The structure of 3 was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystals of 3 (C37H30BCuN9S) are triclinic, space group P1 with a = 11.997(3) A, b = 12.116(3) A, c = 13.384(4) A, alpha = 81.088(5) degrees, beta = 79.289(6) degrees, gamma = 68.668(5) degrees, V = 1772.4(8) A3, and Z = 2. The dehydration kinetic measurements of HCO3- are performed by the stopped-flow techniques at pH < 7.9. The apparent dehydration rate constant kdobs varies linearly with total Cu(II) concentration, and the catalytic activity of the model complexes decreases in the order 1 > 2 > 3. The catalytic activity decreases with increasing pH indicating that the aqua model complex must be the reactive catalytic species in the catalyzed dehydration reaction and the rate-determining step is the substitution of the labile water molecule by HCO3-. The kdobs values increase with increasing reaction temperature, and the apparent activation energies of the model complexes with inhibitors are remarkably higher than that of the complex with no inhibitors, this being the origin of inhibition. The large negative entropy of activation also indicates an associative mode of activation in the rate-determining step. The inhibition ability of the inhibitor NCS- is stronger than that of the inhibitor N3-, which can be rationalized by the decrease in effective atomic charges of the Cu(II) ions as revealed by the theoretical calculations.
Journal Article↗
Intramuscular transfer of naked calcitonin gene-related peptide gene prevents autoimmune diabetes induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin in C57BL mice.
The imbalance of Th1/Th2 subsets is an important pathogenic mechanism for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been found to play important roles in the regulation of T lymphocytes. We hypothesize that exogenous CGRP administration during insulitis may modulate the balance of Th lymphocytes, thereby providing a therapeutic intervention for IDDM. We established CGRP gene transfer by naked plasmid injection into the skeletal muscles with electroporation enhancement. The effect of CGRP gene transfer on pathogenesis of IDDM was observedin autoimmune diabetic C57BL mice induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS) administration. The treatment significantly decreased morbidity of diabetes, ameliorated hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency, and inhibited lymphocyte infiltration into the islets, indicating the protection of beta cells against autoimmune destruction. CGRP gene transfer significantly inhibited T cell proliferation and secretion of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma, increased the level of the Th2 cytokine IL-10, but had no effect on IL-4 and TGF-beta1 secretion. CGRP gene transfer also decreased IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels in peritoneal effusion. Our results demonstrate that CGRP gene transfer selectively suppresses the pro-inflammatory Th1 subsets and promote anti-inflammatory Th2 subsets, resulting in amelioration of beta cell destruction and reduction of IDDM occurrence in mice with MLDS-induced diabetes.
Animals↗