Biomedical subjects

Wen Ye

Publications and source records attributed to Wen Ye.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Validity and reliability of the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire in assessing patients with fecal incontinence.

PURPOSE: To date, no measures of fecal incontinence severity or its impact on quality of life have been validated for telephone interview. This study was designed to 1) compare responses of a self-administered and a telephone-administered Fecal Incontinence Severity Index; 2) compare a self-administered Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale to the Manchester Health Questionnaire after modifying the latter for telephone administration and American English (Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire); 3) assess test-retest reliability of the telephone-administered Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire; and 4) assess the internal consistency of the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire subscales. METHODS: Consecutive, English-speaking, nonpregnant females known to have fecal incontinence were invited to participate. Two validated paper questionnaires accompanied the letter informing them of the study: Fecal Incontinence Severity Index and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale. Consenting patients were contacted for the initial telephone administration of the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire, and patients who agreed to continue the study were contacted for a repeat telephone administration of the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire two to four weeks after completing the first interview. RESULTS: Fifty-one females were invited to participate in the study; however, 13 declined or were ineligible. Thirty females, aged 49.3 +/- 10.3 years, returned self-administered questionnaires and completed the first telephone interview, and 21 completed a second telephone interview after an average interval of 23 days. The telephone-administered Fecal Incontinence Severity Index scores were significantly lower than those yielded by the self-administered Fecal Incontinence Severity Index, (6.19 vs. 9.85; P < 0.001), but the telephone and written administrations were significantly correlated (r = 0.5; P < 0.02). Correlations between the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire quality of life subscales and the paper Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life subscales ranged from 0.6 to 0.9 (median, r = 0.81). The correlation between the total score for the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life and the total score for the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire quality of life scales was 0.93 (P < 0.001). Test-retest reliability for the eight Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire subscales ranged from 0.55 to 0.98 (median, r = 0.83), and test-retest reliability for the two telephone administrations of the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index was r = 0.75. Cronbach's alpha for the eight Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.92 (median, alpha = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS: Telephone-administered versions of the Modified Manchester Health Questionnaire showed good-to-excellent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The telephone-administered Fecal Incontinence Severity Index yielded lower severity scores than the written Fecal Incontinence Severity Index; however, the difference (3.66 units) was not clinically significant.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Dissection of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis pathology in 1-month-abstinent alcohol-dependent men, part 2: response to ovine corticotropin-releasing factor and naloxone.

BACKGROUND: Pituitary and adrenal responsiveness is suppressed in abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals. To clarify the specific organizational disruption in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal functioning during early abstinence, the authors separately assessed each level of the stress-response axis. In this second of a two-part study, ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (oCRH) was used to stimulate the pituitary corticotrophs, and naloxone was used to activate the axis at the hypothalamic level. In addition, pulsatile characteristics of corticotropin and cortisol were assessed over a 12-hr period (0800 to 2000 hr). METHODS: Eleven abstinent alcohol-dependent men and 10 healthy comparison participants were assessed. All participants were between the ages of 30 and 50 years, and alcohol-dependent patients were abstinent from 4 to 6 weeks. Basal concentrations of corticotropin and cortisol were obtained every 10 min from 0800 to 2000 hr and subjected to pulsatile analysis. Plasma corticotropin and cortisol concentrations were then obtained every 5 to 10 min after low-dose, intravenously administered doses of oCRH (0.4 microg/kg) or naloxone (0.125 mg/kg). Medications were administered at 2000 hr and the two challenge studies were separated by 48 hr. RESULTS: Pulsatile analysis revealed that the mean corticotropin amplitude was increased in alcohol-dependent patients relative to controls (p <0.05). Other pulsatile characteristics of corticotropin and all cortisol pulsatile measures were not significantly different between the two groups. The integrated cortisol response to oCRH was significantly lower in alcohol-dependent patients compared with controls (p <0.01), but the integrated corticotropin response was not significantly different. In contrast, neither the corticotropin nor the cortisol response to naloxone was significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adrenocorticoid hyposensitivity persists after oCRH infusion for at least 1 month after cessation of drinking, whereas hyporesponsiveness of the pituitary corticotrophs to CRH seems to resolve with continued abstinence. The authors suggest that adrenocortical hyporesponsiveness during prolonged abstinence may impact relapse risk.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMed2005

Dissection of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis pathology in 1-month-abstinent alcohol-dependent men, part 1: adrenocortical and pituitary glucocorticoid responsiveness.

BACKGROUND: Long-term ingestion of alcohol produces marked alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity. The authors engaged in a series of studies to determine the distinct role of the hypothalamus and the pituitary and adrenal glands in the disturbances observed in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects. In this first of a two-part study, the authors report on (1) the basal secretory profile of corticotropin and cortisol from 2000 to 0800 hrs, (2) adrenocortical sensitivity in both the presence and absence of endogenous pituitary activation, and (3) pituitary glucocorticoid sensitivity to dexamethasone. METHODS: Eleven male, 4 to 6 weeks abstinent, alcohol-only-dependent subjects and 10 age-matched male healthy controls were studied. Basal circulating concentrations of corticotropin and cortisol were obtained from 2000 to 0800 hr. A submaximal dose of cosyntropin (0.01 microg/kg), a corticotropin analogue was then administered to assess adrenocortical sensitivity. In a separate session, cosyntropin was administered following high-dose dexamethasone (8 mg iv) to assess adrenocortical sensitivity in the relative absence of endogenous corticotropin. In addition, the corticotropin response to dexamethasone was measured to determine pituitary glucocorticoid responsiveness. RESULTS: Cortisol, but not corticotropin, pulse amplitude (p < 0.05) and mean concentration (p= 0.05) was significantly lower in alcohol-dependent subjects compared with controls. The cortisol response to cosyntropin was lower in alcohol-dependent subjects following endogenous corticotropin suppression by high-dose dexamethasone (p <0.04) but not without dexamethasone pretreatment. Mean corticotropin (p <0.004) and cortisol (p <0.05) concentrations in response to dexamethasone were attenuated in the patients compared to controls. Basal concentrations of 11-deoxycortisol, the precursor to cortisol, were also decreased in alcohol-dependent subjects (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: Attenuated basal and stimulated adrenocortical concentrations in abstinent alcohol-dependent men are coupled with a nonhomeostatic increase in pituitary glucocorticoid inhibition. A decrease in stress-axis responsivity in alcohol dependence may have implications for treatment outcome.

Adrenal Cortex↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of angong niuhuang pill as an adjuvant treatment on moderate or severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of angong niuhuang pill (ANP) as an adjuvant treatment on moderate or severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE). METHODS: Thirty-nine neonates with NHIE in the control group were treated with conventional treatment, and 58 in the treated group were administered orally ANP additionally, and relative indexes were observed. RESULTS: The improvement of aspects such as recovery of consciousness, muscular tension, and primitive reflex and disappearance of convulsion, in the treated group was better than that in the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ANP as an adjuvant treatment has a definite effect on NHIE, it can promote the recovery of patients, decrease the occurrence of sequelae and with high safety, therefore, is a drug feasible for clinical application.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗

PubMed2004

Differences in endocrine function with varying fitness capacity in postpubertal females across the weight spectrum.

OBJECTIVE: To relate endocrine and nutritional correlates of fitness in postpubertal physically active females across the normal weight spectrum to identify markers and how these might serve as associations of exercise-related endocrine disruption. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance for frequent blood sampling. SETTING: A general clinical research center. SUBJECTS: Twenty-two healthy postpubertal female subjects recruited 2 years or more after menarche. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maximum oxygen consumption was determined as an index of fitness and daily caloric intake was calculated from a 3-day food diary. During the follicular phase of the cycle, luteinizing hormone was sampled every 10 minutes during a 24-hour period, while follicle-stimulating hormone and cortisol were sampled hourly. RESULTS: For every 1-unit increase in maximum oxygen consumption, cortisol concentration increased by 2% (P =.005; 95% confidence interval, 1%-3%). However, there was no association between mean gonadotropin concentrations and fitness. Hormone concentrations were not significantly associated with body mass index or percentage of body fat. Higher mean caloric intake from a 3-day summary was inversely related to mean luteinizing hormone concentration, which decreased by 5.5% for every 100-kcal increase (P =.03; 95% confidence interval, 1%-10%). With every 1-year increase in age at menarche, follicle-stimulating hormone concentration decreased by 12% (P =.01; 95% confidence interval, 4%-19%) and cortisol concentration increased by 7% (P =.03; 95% confidence interval, 1%-12%). CONCLUSIONS: In active adolescents, increased cortisol concentration may represent an adaptive change to exercise that may precede gonadotropin changes seen with higher levels of fitness.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[The analysis of various extent visual field defect in chronic glaucoma patients].

PURPOSE: To study the situation for the follow eye visual field defect of patients with severe visual field loss in 1 eye from chronic glaucoma,and to analyze the relative risk factors for visual field defect in such eyes. METHODS: The visual field defect scores of fellow eyes were calculated in 47 cases [primary chronic angle-closed glaucoma (PACG) 23 cases and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) 24 cases] with severe visual field loss in 1 eye (visual field defect score > or = 12). The relations were analyzed between the visual field defect scores of fellow eyes and the visual acuity,the maximal and the mean intraocular pressure (IOP), ages, refraction, diagnosis, the last periods of glaucoma, gender and the anti-glaucoma surgery history. Spearman correlation analyse was used to estimated the correlation between the visual field defect scores of fellow eyes and the above factors. RESULTS: In the fellow eyes of the 23 cases PACG, 4 cases showed no visual field defect (score 0),5 cases showed the mild visual field defect (score 1-5), 7 cases showed the moderate visual field defect (score 6-11), 7 cases showed the severe or end-stage visual field defect (score 12-20). In the fellow eyes of the 24 cases POAG, 4 cases showed the mild visual field defect (score 1-5), 9 cases showed the moderate visual field defect (score 6-11), 11 cases showed the severe or end-stage visual field defect (score 12-20). The visual field defect score of fellow eyes in the last periods more than or equal to 10 years PACG group was significantly larger than that in the last periods less than 10 years PACG group (Z=2.8380, P=0.0224). The visual field defect score of fellow eyes in the mean IOP more than 18 mmHg PACG group was significantly larger than that in the mean IOP less than or equal to 18 mmHg PACG group (Z=1.9174, P=0.0276). The visual field defect score of fellow eyes in the anti-glaucoma surgery history POAG group was significantly larger than that in the non-anti-glaucoma surgery history POAG group (Z= 2.2377, P=0.0252). The significant positive correlation was found between the visual field defect scores and the mean IOP of the fellow eyes in the PACG group (r=0.4763, P= 0.0216),and the significant negative correlation was found between the visual field defect score and the visual acuity of the fellow eyes in the PACG group (r=-0.4416, P= 0.0349). CONCLUSION: Among the PACG with severe visual field loss in 1 eye, the visual field defect extent in the fellow eyes was related to the mean IOP, the last periods of PACG and the visual acuity of the fellow eyes. The visual field defect score was positively correlated with the mean IOP, and negatively correlated with the visual acuity of the fellow eyes.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

[Evaluation on the effectiveness for self-management of hypertensive patients in a community].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acceptability of self-management project for patients with hypertension and the short term result, and provide the evidence of preventing and controlling hypertension using chronic disease self-management. METHODS: Voluntary patients with hypertension were grouped into the control and experimental groups after matching age, sex, education levels and the number of chronic diseases between the two groups. Data collected through questionnaire after intervention were compared with the baseline data through analysis of covariance and chi(2) test. RESULTS: Rate of awareness for the diagnostic criteria of hypertension, risk factors and associated diseases increased by 56.4%, 50.4% and 37.6% respectively, and the rate of high salt diet intake, body mass index and the times of visiting doctors decreased by 27.1%, 0.8 kg/m(2) and 2.7 times on average in experimental group, as compared with control group. The health status (energy, fatigue, shortness of breathe, pain) improved (P < 0.05). In the similar comparison, the rate in which the hypertensive patients took antihypertensive medicine increased by 20%, and the scores of cognitive symptoms management and of patient communication with physician increased by 3.9 and 1.1 points respectively. The rate of compliance to medication increased by 21.5% compared with themselves. CONCLUSION: The awareness rate of hypertensive patients on knowledge and on unhealthy life style improved after implementing the self-management program. Their emotion, healthy behavior, health status and symptoms related to hypertension improved. Data showed that it was effective for hypertensive patients to use chronic diseases self-management.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

[Scoring method evaluation for threshold visual field defect in glaucoma].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the validity and reliability of visual field defect scoring method in glaucoma. METHODS: The visual field defects of 91 glaucoma cases (91 eyes) were scored with the Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS) modified scoring method, and analyzed the relation and correlation between the score and cup/disk ratio, mean defect (MD) and loss variance (LV). RESULTS: The larger the score was, the larger the cup/disk ratio, MD and LV were. The significant positive correlation was found between the score and the cup/disk ratio (r = 0.8712), and the correlation coefficient was larger than that of between the MD, LV and cup/disk ratio. CONCLUSION: The visual field defect score could more accurately reflect the situation of glaucomatous optic nerve damage than visual field indices, and could quantify the visual field damage extent in glaucoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Fetal programming: prenatal androgen disrupts positive feedback actions of estradiol but does not affect timing of puberty in female sheep.

We studied the impact of prenatal androgen exposure on the timing of onset of puberty, maintenance of cyclicity in the first breeding season, and the LH surge mechanism in female sheep. Pregnant sheep were injected with testosterone propionate (100 mg i.m.) twice each week from Day 30 to Day 90 (D30-90) or from Day 60 to Day 90 (D60-90) of gestation (term = 147 days). Concentrations of plasma progesterone and gonadotropins were measured in blood samples collected twice each week from control (n = 10), D60-90 (n = 13), and D30-90 (n = 3) animals. Rate of weight gain and initiation of estrous behavior were also monitored. After the first breeding season, when the animals entered anestrus, competency of the gonadotropin surge system to respond to estradiol positive feedback was tested in the absence or presence of progesterone priming for 12 days. Prenatally androgenized females had similar body weight gain and achieved puberty (start of first progestogenic cycle) at the same time as controls. Duration of the breeding season and the number of cycles that occurred during the first breeding season were similar between control and prenatally androgenized sheep. In contrast, prenatal exposure to androgens compromised the positive feedback effects of estradiol. Onset of LH/FSH surges following the estradiol stimulus was delayed in both groups of androgenized ewes compared with the controls in both the absence and presence of progesterone priming. In addition, the magnitude of LH and FSH surges in the two animals that surged in the D30-90 group were only one third and one half, respectively, of the magnitudes observed in the control and D60-90 groups. The present findings indicate that disruption of the surge system can account for the fertility problems that occur during adulthood in prenatally androgenized sheep.

Aging↗

PubMed2002

Acidic mix of FSH isoforms are better facilitators of ovarian follicular maturation and E2 production than the less acidic.

FSH is secreted as a mix of isoforms with varying biologic attributes. To determine the functional significance of FSH heterogeneity, an acidic (ovine pituitary FSH; C-FSH) and less acidic mix (C-FSH exposed to neuraminidase; N-FSH) were administered to prepubertal lambs. Production of GnRH- induced less acidic FSH was blocked with a competitive GnRH receptor antagonist, Nal-Glu. Beginning 24 h after Nal-Glu, lambs were injected with C-FSH or N-FSH and LH. Controls included untreated, GnRH-treated, and Nal-Glu-treated groups. Blood samples were obtained at 2-h intervals. Plasma FSH levels were similar before treatment and increased over time in the C-FSH but not the N-FSH group (P < 0.001). Three of the six GnRH-treated ewes exhibited an LH surge. Peak E2 concentrations in the GnRH-treated animals were achieved 30-36 h after initiation of treatment. Peak circulating E2 levels tended to be higher in the C-FSH than in the GnRH-treated group. Only two of six N-FSH-treated ewes had a serum E2 rise. The C-FSH ewes had more estrogenic follicles than the GnRH and N-FSH groups (P < 0.05). Our findings show that C-FSH clears more slowly than N-FSH, and C-FSH is a better facilitator of follicular development and maturation than N-FSH.

Acids↗

PubMed2002

[An analysis of regression after laser in situ keratomileusis for treatment of myopia].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the regression relevant reasons of laser in situ kertomileusis (LASIK) for treatment of myopia. METHODS: Four hundred and eight eyes of 250 patients with myopia who received LASIK were studied. They were divided into 2 groups according to preoperative diopters (-6.25- -10.00 D in 194 eyes; -10.25 -15.00 D in 214 eyes). The mean follow-up was 12 months, and the results of the postoperative visual acuity, refractive diopter, corneal thickness and the diameter of the ablation zone were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: (1) A group: There were 173 normal operative eyes (89.2%, post-operative diopter < -1.00 D), the mean pre-operative corneal thickness was (549.5 +/- 31.5) microm, the mean intra-operative laser ablation diameter was (4.96 +/- 0.35) mm, and the post-operative refractive diopter was +0.50- -0.75 D. The regressive operative eyes: There were 21 eyes (10.8%, post- operative diopter >/= -1.00D), the mean preoperative corneal thickness was (547.7 +/- 37.0) microm (P > 0.05 in comparison with that of the normal operative eyes), the mean intra-operative laser ablation diameter was (4.64 +/- 0.41 ) mm (P < 0.01 in comparison with that of the normal operative eyes), and the mean post-operative diopter was (-1.33 +/- 0.58)D. (2) B group: There were 136 normal operative eyes (63.5%), the mean pre-operative corneal thickness was (560.9 +/- 30.9) microm, the mean intra-operative laser ablation diameter was (4.51 +/- 0.28) mm, and the post-operative diopter was +0.50- -0.75 D. The regressive operative eyes: There were 78 eyes (36.5%), the mean pre-operative corneal thickness was (538.0 +/- 31.0) microm (P < 0.01 in comparison with that of the normal operative eyes), the mean intra-operative laser ablation diameter was (4.22 +/- 0.34) mm (P < 0.01 in comparison with that of the normal operative eyes), and the mean post-operative diopter was (-1.99 +/- 1.01) D. CONCLUSIONS: In cases with small laser ablation diameter and the thin pre-operative corneal thickness of high myopia, after the surgery refractive regression is easy to occur. Some modification of the surgical algorithms and laser nomogram will help to improve predictability and reduce regression.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Implication of non-perforating deep sclerectomy with amniotic membrane implantation for primary open-angle glaucoma].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of non-perforating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) with amniotic membrane implantation for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: Fourteen cases (23 eyes) of POAG underwent NPDS with amniotic membrane implantation. NPDS was performed with a fornix-based conjunctival flap using 0. 04% mitomycin C(MMC) under the scleral flap for 4 minutes. A 6 mm x 9 mm amniotic membrane was then placed under the scleral flap and sutured using 10-0 nylon. RESULTS: One month postoperatively, the intraocular pressure (IOP) was less or equal to 21 mmHg in 23 eyes, with a total success rate of 100%. After 3 months of follow-up for 20 eyes, the completely success rate was 90%, and the partly success rate was 100%. After 6 months of follow-up for 11 eyes, the completely success rate was 72.7%, the partly success rate was 100%, and the visual acuity had no significance between the pre-operation and post-operation. After 12 months of follow-up for 6 eyes, the success rate was 66. 7%. A good bleb formation was seen in the eyes and the IOP was controlled successfully. No serious complication was found in all eyes. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane is an effective and safe implantation material for NPDS.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Comparitive study of the threshold variability between blue-on-yellow perimetry and white-on-white perimetry].

PURPOSE: To compare the threshold variability of blue-on-yellow (B/Y) perimetry with white-white(W/W) perimetry, and evaluate the reproducibility of B/Y perimetry. METHODS: The B/Y perimetry and W/W perimetry in the Octopus 101 perimetry were used to examine the visual fields of 12 normal subjects (24 eyes), 16 cases (32 eyes) of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), and 7 cases (14 eyes) of suspected POAG respectively. The B/Y perimetry and W/W perimetry were repeated to examine within 2 weeks. The point by point threshold variability of the two perimetries were compared and analysed. RESULTS: The total mean threshold variability for B/Y perimetry (2.61 +/- 0.94) dB was greater than that for W/W perimetry (2.11 +/- 0.90) dB in all subjects, but it had no significance (P = 0.6244). The total mean threshold variability for B/Y perimetry (2.07 +/- 0.54) dB was significantly greater than that for W/W perimetry (1.50 +/- 0.34) dB in normal subjects (P = 0.0006), while no significance was found in suspected POAG and POAG groups between the two perimetries (P = 0.0523 and 0.9371). The threshold variability in the areas of some eccentricities for B/Y perimetry were significantly greater than that for W/W perimetry in normal subjects and suspected POAG group, but no significance was found in POAG group for all eccentricities between the two perimetries. CONCLUSION: The threshold variability for B/Y perimetry was greater than that for W/W perimetry in normal subjects, but no significance was found in suspected POAG and POAG between the two perimetries.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism with the Technolas 117C.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness, predictability, and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for correction of hyperopia and hyperopic astigmatism. METHODS: Fifty-four hyperopic eyes of 35 patients with a spherical equivalent refraction between +1.00 and +6.00 D were followed for at least 12 months following LASIK. All surgery was performed with the scanning Chiron Technolas Keracor 117C excimer laser. Data on uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity, predictability, stability of refraction, and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: At 12 months, the average residual refraction was +0.29 +/- 0.78 D; 83.3% of eyes (45 eyes) were in the range of +/- 1.00 D and 61.1% of eyes (33 eyes) were within +/- 0.50 D of emmetropia. Fifty eyes (92.6%) had uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better and 34 (63.0%) eyes had 20/20 or better. One eye (1.9%) lost two lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and two eyes (3.7%) gained two or more lines. Two patients (two eyes, 3.7%) had complaints of halos and one patient (one eye, 1.9%) had glare at 12 months after LASIK for hyperopia. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK was used to treat hyperopia from +1.00 to +6.00 D with good predictability and safety. Primary and second hyperopia require different nomograms, according to our experience.

Adolescent↗