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Biomedical subjects

William B Burton

Publications and source records attributed to William B Burton.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Teaching clinical skills through videotape review: a randomized trial of group versus individual reviews.

BACKGROUND: Video review is a valuable educational tool for teaching communication skills. Many studies have demonstrated its efficacy with individual learners, but few studies have addressed its use in a group format. PURPOSE: To assess the educational benefits of group versus individual video review of standardized patient encounters through the evaluations of 4th-year students at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. METHODS: Students (128) who participated in a 7-station, standardized patient, clinical competency exam were randomly assigned to an individual or small group video review of selected segments of these encounters in 2000-2001. Students filled out an anonymous 13-item questionnaire assessing the experience and provided open-ended responses. RESULTS: With both review formats, most students had a positive learning experience (80%), found it less stressful than they expected (67%), and would not have preferred to do the review the other way (84%). Students randomized to individual reviews had a significantly higher level of satisfaction with the amount of time for the session (91% vs. 78%, p < .05) and the amount of feedback they received (95% vs. 79%, p = .01) and were more likely to view the session as a positive learning experience (88% vs. 73%, p < .05). Students in the individual review format were more likely to choose self-assessed weak segments (63% vs. 49%, p = .01). Students' comments indicated that they appreciated the value of peer review in a group setting. CONCLUSIONS: Although both group reviews and individual reviews of videotaped standardized patient encounters were received well by the students, there were several statistical differences in favor of the individual format.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The effect of the season on otitis media with effusion resolution rates in the New York Metropolitan area.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between season and resolution rates of otitis media with effusion (OME) in the New York Metropolitan area, in order to provide objective data useful to the practicing otolaryngologist in determining if seasonal factors should be considered in OME management decisions. METHODS: This was a prospective study of children referred to a tertiary medical center. Children with OME (confirmed by pneumatoscopy and tympanometry) were followed by an otologist at an academic medical center over a 3 years period. They returned approximately every 6 weeks until the end points of resolution of the effusions or ventilating tube placement. Each period between visits is termed an "interval." RESULTS: 127 patients with 231 effusions were followed for a total of 354 intervals. Effusions at intervals beginning in autumn were least likely to resolve by the next visit (24.29%) while intervals ending in the summer had the greatest rate of resolution (44.32%). Analyzed by month, the lowest rates of resolution were seen in intervals beginning in September, November, February, and March (16.67, 21.05, 20.51, and 19.15%, respectively). Intervals beginning in May had the greatest chance of resolution (51.72%). There was a positive correlation between resolution rates and average daily temperatures as reported by month. CONCLUSIONS: The season and month of the year are relevant factors in the clinical course of OME in the New York Metropolitan area. Based on the observed rates of resolution, one could reasonably consider taking a more conservative approach to OME management in May through August, and a more aggressive approach in the fall and winter months.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed2003

Burden of asthma in inner-city elementary schoolchildren: do school-based health centers make a difference?

BACKGROUND: About 1400 school-based health centers (SBHCs) provide care to 1.1 million children. However, it is unknown if access to on-site services is associated with a better outcome. OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes including hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and school absenteeism in elementary schoolchildren with asthma who were grouped according to their enrollment at schools that have or do not have SBHCs. SETTING: Six elementary schools in The Bronx, NY (4 schools with and 2 without SBHCs). PARTICIPANTS: Nine hundred forty-nine inner-city schoolchildren with asthma. DESIGN: To collect baseline data for a longitudinal study, we surveyed parents to identify children with asthma, and to obtain information about symptoms and the use of health services in the last 12 months. Participating schools provided absenteeism information. RESULTS: Of 6433 parents surveyed, 74% completed the questionnaires. The prevalence of asthma was 19.9% and the morbidity was high-during the previous year, 46.2% had been treated for asthma in an emergency department; 12.6% had been hospitalized. Emergency department use was not associated with SBHCs. However, in univariate and multivariate analyses, the rate of hospitalization was higher among children enrolled at schools without an SBHC (rate ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.9). In addition, schoolchildren with asthma enrolled in the schools without an SBHC missed more days of school than those enrolled in schools with an SBHC (mean [SD], 21.3 [15.4] vs 18.2 [13.0], respectively; P =.02). CONCLUSION: Access to SBHCs was associated with a reduction in the rate of hospitalization and a gain of 3 days of school for schoolchildren who have asthma.

Absenteeism↗