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Biomedical subjects

Wojciech Lubiński

Publications and source records attributed to Wojciech Lubiński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Tiotropium as new quality medication in the COPD management].

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is heterogenous syndrome characterised by irreversible progressive airflow limitation caused mainly by tobacco smoking. In the continous bronchomotor tone of normal airways has a cholinergic component mediated via muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Cholinolitic bronchodilators act by blocking muscarinic receptors participate. Tiotropium bromide is an cholinolitic bronchodilatator that antagonises muscarinic receptors and dissociates more slowly from M1 and M3 than from M2 and subsequently has a long duration of action. Tiotropium reduces the number of exacerbations, increases time to first exacerbation and improves lung function significant compared with ipratiopium. Tiotropium produces superior bronchodilation, improvements in dyspnea, health related quality of life compared to ipratropium and salmeterol in patients with COPD. The use of tiotropium is associated with sustained reduction of lung hyperinflation at rest and during exercise. Tiotropium in combination with pulmonary rehabilitation produces clinically improvement in dyspnea, health status endurance of constant work compared to pulmonary rehabilitation alone. Many studies support the use of tiotropium once-daily as first line maintenance treatment in patients with COPD.

Bronchodilator Agents↗
PubMed2005

Influence of air pollution on pulmonary function in healthy young men from different regions of Poland.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of air pollution on pulmonary function parameters in healthy non-smoking young men. The study comprised 1,278 healthy, non-smoking young men (aged 18-23) living in Poland in regions with different levels of air pollution. The examined population was divided into three groups A, B, and C, based on low, moderate and high air pollution levels, respectively. Spirometry and bodyphletysmography at rest were performed by using of mobile lab PNEUMOBIL. Lung function parameters were analyzed and compared with respect to the level of air pollution. The mean values of the pulmonary function parameters were within the limits in all groups, but we observed statistically significant differences between the groups (lowest mean values in group C and the highest in group A). In all groups we found persons with significant airflow limitation in the central and peripheral bronchi, defined as the decrease of FEV(1) %FVC ratio <70 and FEV(1)<80 % of predicted value (central bronchi), and FEV(1) %FVC ratio >70, FEF(50)<70 % predicted (peripheral bronchi). The percentage of persons with airflow limitation in the central bronchi was in group A (0.3 %), B (0.4 %) and C (1.4 %). The incidence of flow limitation in small bronchi was as follows: in group A (1.2 %), B (0.5 %) and C (6.7 %). The majority of factors defining the capacity of lungs as well as the intensity of the airflow showed a negative correlation with the concentrations of the basic air pollution (SO(2), NO(2), PM(10)). Our study showed, for the first time, the influence of air pollution on pulmonary function parameters in healthy non-smoking young men in the Polish population.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Endogenous nitric oxide in obstructive pulmonary diseases].

Recently there has been an intense research what is the role of nitric oxide (NO) in physiological and pathological processes is, especially in pneumonology. Authors discussed endogenous NO synthesis, its molecular mechanism of action, as well as the importance of its detection in exhaled air and clinical utility of such measurements in asthma (AO) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is evidence that eNO is increased in asthma, correlates with other inflammatory markers and corticosteroids, and anti-leukotrienes reduce its levels. In contrast, assessments of eNO in patients with COPD revealed conflicting results. The authors pointed out, that the eNO level analysis is easy to perform, may be used to diagnose and monitor disease activity and the effects of anti-inflammatory therapy. However this method has limitations resulting from high costs.

Asthma↗
PubMed2005

[Ophthalmological tests value in detection of the optic neuropathy associated with pituitary tumours].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of ophthalmological tests in detection of the optic neuropathy associated with pituitary tumours. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 38 patients with pituitary tumours in 21-73 years old, were examined. Routine ophthalmological examination, kinetic and static perimetry (screening test, "white-on-white" and "blue-on-yellow") and PVEP were performed. RESULTS: In patients with recurrent tumours (group II) more changes was observed in routine ophthalmological examination, perimetry and PVEP compared to patients with early detected pituitary tumours (group I). No patient of group I present changes in routine ophthalmological examination, but they had visual field defects and/or abnormal PVEP. In group I in Ps B-Y more visual field defects was detected than in kinetic perimetry (p<0.025). In the same group hemifield PVEP was more often abnormal than full-field PVEP (p<0.01). In group II similar differences were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with pituitary tumours the most useful test in the optic neuropathy diagnosis are "blue-on-yellow" static perimetry and hemifield PVEP.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Retinal dysfunction in eyes of patients with BRCA1 gene mutation.

PURPOSE: To assess the retinal function in BRCA1 gene mutation carriers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty unaffected patients (60 eyes) with constitutional BRCA1 gene mutation were studied. Flash ERG recordings were performed in accordance with the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standards. RESULTS: In ERGs, in the maximal response, amplitude of a-wave (p<0.02) was reduced. In the cone single- flash response, the amplitude of a-wave (p<0.04) was also reduced. In the scotopic oscillatory potentials (OPs), we noted: increased amplitude of OP2 (p<0.0006), increased index of OP amplitude (01+02+03+04) (p<0.04), and increased latencies of OP1 (<0.05) and OP3 (p<0.004) and OP4 (p<0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Slight dysfunction of rods, cones and inner retinal layers is present in asymptomatic carriers of BRCA1 gene mutation.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Visual function and late complications after cataract surgery by phacoemulsification with primary posterior capsulotomy and intracapsular foldable intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: Evaluation of visual function and late complications after cataract phacoemulsification with primary posterior capsulotomy and intracapsular foldable intraocular lens implantation in 22-months follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty five eyes of 25 patients (mean age: 53 years) were included in the study. All the eyes underwent primary posterior thermal capsulotomy and in-the-bag foldable IOL (Acrysof) implantation. Postoperative visual acuity and complications were analyzed. RESULTS: The best corrected visual acuity 1.0 (Snellen chart) was achieved in 92% (23/25) of the eyes. The most frequent complication was a slight vitreous dislocation to the anterior chamber (4/25 of eyes--16%), resulting in the pupil deformation in two eyes (2/25 of eyes--8%). In one eye (1/25 of eyes--4%) retinal detachment was observed. None of the patients presented CME. CONCLUSIONS: A very good visual function and low rate of serious late complications suggest, that cataract phacoemulsification with primary posterior capsulotomy and in-the-bag foldable IOL implantation should be taken into consideration, as an option for preventing PCO. The results of the present study suggest the risk of retinal detachment and CME does not appear, to increase after the primary posterior capsulotomy. However, this conclusion has to be confirmed by randomized studies with longer follow-up period and larger series of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[The effect of air pollution on pulmonary function in young men from different regions of Poland].

UNLABELLED: The aim of study was to evaluate possible influence of air pollution on pulmonary function in the population of 1278 healthy non-smoking young men (18-23 years old) from different parts of Poland. Poland was divided into three regions depending on different concentration of SO2, NO2 and airborne particulate matter (PM10) in the air: region 1 comprised North Poland--agricultural areas with the lowest concentrations of pollution, region 2 comprised Central Poland--big agglomerations with moderate air pollution, region 3 comprised South Poland--big agglomerations and industrial centres with the highest pollution level. Subjects were divided further according to a study place (North Group--subjects from region 1, Central Group--subjects from region 2 and South Group--subjects from region 3). Spirometry and bodypletysmography were performed at rest by using of mobile lab PNEUMOBIL (Jaeger). The results of the study were statistically analysed with the use computer packet Statistica. RESULTS OF THE STUDY: Significant decrease of medium values of pulmonary function test (PFT) was observed in the non-smokers from the region of increased air pollution (South Group) in comparison to the non-smokers from the region of low pollution level (North Group).

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical effectiveness of synergic therapy].

The coadministration of long-acting inhaled beta2-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids is the most effective treatment for persistent asthma. It is often assumed that there is synergy between these medications. Many studied mostly extensively as a maintenance therapy for patients with persistent asthma, the combination inhaler is at least equivalent to its components administered separately and is superior to monotherapy with salmeterol/formoterol or inhaled corticosteroid in both pediatric and adult populations. The combination has a logical role in the treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma, offering the advantage of increased convenience and possibly improved compliance. In addition to improvements in lung function, symptom scores and quality of life, the combination therapy reduces exacerbation rates, an outcome that contributes to favorable cost-effectiveness.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2004

[Causal proceeding in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

At present, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered as serious clinical, social and economic problem. Widespread habit of smoking together with air-pollutions is the basic etiologic factors, whereas inflammatory process, which involves bronchial tree and pulmonary tissues, is the core of COPD pathogenesis. Quality of life has much been improved by the introduction of pharmacological treatment including: long-acting beta2-mimetics, cholinolytics, mucolytics and in severe cases inhaled glucocorticosteroids. Prophylactic immunization against influenza and pneumococci also has been proved to be helpful. Continuous patient education together with efforts promoting smoking cessation constitute the mainstay of non-pharmacological management. Chronic oxygen therapy, respiratory rehabilitation and non-invasive ventilation proved to be a practical alternative in patients with chronic respiratory failure. Lung-volume-reduction surgery may sometimes be considered as an alternative to lung transplantation in very severe cases of COPD.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2004

[Tiotropium as a controller of bronchoconstriction].

Cholinergic nerve fibres arise in the nucleus ambiguus and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve in the brainstem. They travel down as the vagus nerve to parasympathetic ganglia placed in the walls of the airways. From these ganglia, short postganglionic fibres innervate airway smooth muscle and the submucosal glands in the lung. Activation of vagal nerve releases acetylcholine at the neuroeffector junctions, where it binds to postsynaptic receptors, resulting in bronchoconstrictions. The resting bronchomotor tone in normal airways has a cholinergic component mediated via muscarinic cholinergic receptors. The human airways have five subtypes of muscarinic cholinergic receptors: the M1 and M3 mediate bronchoconstriction and stimulation of mucus secretion, while M2 control the release of acetylcholine from M1 and M3 receptors through a negative-feedback mechanism. Anticholinergic bronchodilators act by blocking muscarinic receptors. Tiotropium bromide is cutting age anticholinergic bronchodilator. It dissociates more slowly from M1 and M3 than from M2 receptors and subsequently has a long and safety duration of action. In COPD patients tiotropium comparing to placebo, ipratropium and long acting beta agonists significantly improves lung function. It is an effective bronchodilator that reduces dyspnea, COPD exacerbations frequency and improves health status. This suggests that tiotropium will make an important contribution to chronic pulmonary disease therapy.

Bronchi↗
PubMed2004

[Technetium99 labelled synthetic somatostatin analogue (depreotide) in the diagnosis of peripheral solitary pulmonary nodules].

UNLABELLED: Lung carcinoma is one of the most common neoplasms, both in men and women. Many methods are employed within diagnostics approaches in oncology, among them are radiological, endoscopic, cytological and isotopic ones. Synthetic proteins labelled with gallium (Ga67), indium (In111) or technetium (Tc99) binding with receptors localised on cells surface enable scintigraphic determination of intensive uptake sites. The aim of the study was to asses clinical usefulness of technetium99 labelled synthetic somatostatin analogue (depreotide) in the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules. Thirty one patients (19 men and 12 women) with isolated peripheral pulmonary lesions in chest X-ray examination were included into the study. All patients received intravenous infusion of synthetic protein compound, trifluorodepreotide acetate labelled with technetium99, with radio activity of 555-740 MBq (mega Becquerel) [Neospect--Nycomed Amersham, UK]. Radiopharmaceutical uptake was determined by two-head gamma camera according SPECT method (single photon emission computed tomography) after 3-4 hours after an injection. Intensive radiopharmaceutical uptake by abnormal lesions was found in 22 patients (71%), however in 9 (29%) it was not found in the sites of radiological changes. Among 22 patients with intensive uptake, in 17 (77%) patients a diagnosis of carcinoma was confirmed and in 5 patients benign lesions were diagnosed. In the group of 5 patients without marker uptake single case of carcinoma was found and in 4 benign lesions. Four patients refused further invasive diagnostic procedures. The sensitivity of this method was 94% with a specificity of 44%. No serious adverse clinical reactions associated with 99Tc depreotide were observed. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Technetium99 labelled synthetic somatostatin analogue [(depreotide) (NeoSpect)] is safe in pulmonological and oncological clinical diagnostics. 2. The use of this compound is a valuable scintigraphic, supplementary method to qualify patients for further invasive diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary solitary nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Assessment of reversibility in airway obstruction].

In the medical literature there have been described some methods to determine bronchodilator response. They are different because of the required percentage increase in FEV1 and /or FVC and the way of expressing results -as the percent of predicted or initial value. This study on 38 subjects evaluated that there is better bronchodilator responses when the results are presented as the percentage of the initial value compared with the predicted value. The intensity of improvement in FEV1 depends on the baseline airway obstruction. There are more meaningful responses in subjects with 'poor' initial value when using the criteria of change in FEV1 as a percentage of initial value. About 10% of positive responses are misunderstood as 'poor' when it was considered improvement only in FEV1 (they are positive with reference only to FVC).

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma of the lungs].

Authors present a case of EH as an accidental finding in 40 year old woman appeared as the presented small, solid nodules in both lungs on a routine chest radiograph and HRCT scans. There were no signs in clinical examination, no abnormalities were presented in the spirometric and respiratory tests, neither in the endoscopic digestive tract examinations nor in CT scans of abdomen. The histological examination of open lung biopsy revealed the morphology of epithelioid haemangioendothelioma. During one year follow up no clinical nor radiological progressions have been observed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Retinal function in the von Hippel-Lindau disease.

PURPOSE: To assess the retinal function in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). PATIENTS: Studies were undertaken in 12 patients (17 eyes) with detected VHL gene mutation and 12 normal healthy controls (17 eyes). METHODS: Pattern ERG (PERG), standard flash electroretinogram (ERG) recordings were performed in accordance with the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standards. RESULTS: In VHL patients, electrophysiological statistically significant changes were found. In PERG examination, increased latency of P50 was found in the total VHL group (p < 0.02) and in the VHL subgroup with retinal angiomas (p < 0.04). In ERG examination, photopic b-wave latency was increased in the total VHL group (p < 0.03) and also in the VHL subgroup without retinal angiomas (p < 0.05). In OPs, latency increase of OP2, OP3 waves and reduced amplitude of OP3 wave in the total VHL group (OP2 latency, p < 0.05; OP3 latency, p < 0.01; OP3 amplitude, p < 0.03) and in the VHL subgroup with retinal angiomas (OP2 latency, p < 0.02; OP3 latency, p < .008; OP3 amplitude, p < 0.02) were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: It can be hypothesized that dysfunction of the inner retinal layer is present in individuals with VHL disease even in patients without retinal angiomas.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[IL-8 and T-lymphocytes expressing adhesion molecules LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18), Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) Lsel in lower respiratory tract obstructive disease].

Chemokines and T-lymphocytes play an important role in lower respiratory tract inflammation. This study evaluated the concentration of IL-8 and count of T-lymphocytes expressing adhesion molecules LFA-1, Mac-1, Lsel and their correlation in patients with asthma and COPD in periods of exacerbation and clinical improvement (after seven days of anti-inflammatory treatment). In all subjects bronchoscopic examination with BAL procedure were done in exacerbation period and after seven days of treatment. The concentration of IL-8 was measured by ELISA, and the expression of adhesion molecules by biotin-streptavidin methods. The highest concentration of IL-8 was observed in asthma patients in clinical improvement period, and the highest count of T-lymphocytes was observed in patients with COPD in remission phase. Increased concentration of chemokines could have been influenced by type of treatment administered, especially beta 2-mimetics. The significant correlation observed in COPD patients between IL-8 concentration and counts of T-cells expressing LFA-1 (r = 0.44), Mac-1 (r = 0.49), Lsel (r = 0.42) in exacerbation period suggest a chemotactic influence of IL-8 on T-lymphocytes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Analysis of the treatment method in patients with COPD].

UNLABELLED: According the mass spirometry, every third person over forty years old, suffer from COPD in Poland. Prophylaxis, early detection and proper treatment are necessary for the limitation of group of patients with severe COPD in the future. We analyzed the usage of particular group of medicines and estimated conformability of COPD treatment with actual recommendations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included 125 subjects--26% women (n = 33), and 74% men (n = 92). Mean age was 62 +/- 10. Current smokers were 46% (n = 58) with mean time of smoking was 28 +/- 14 pack-years, ex-smokers 41% (n = 51), non-smokers 13% (n = 16). We recorded the treatment way and HbCO level in expired air. Spirometry and flow-volume test were provided. We used Statistica program for results statistical analysis. RESULTS: Usually, patients with mild COPD are treated with theophilline (49%), long-acting beta 2-agonists (40%), short-acting beta 2-agonists (35%), inhaled steroids and anticholinergics (24%). In mild-severe and severe form of COPD are used: theophilline (50%), short-acting beta 2-agonists (40%), long-acting beta 2-agonists (27%), inhaled steroids (19%) and anticholinergics (12%). 8.1 subjects with mild, 1.7% with mild-severe and 5.5% with severe COPD are treated with recommended connection of anticholinergic and long-acting beta 2-agonist. CONCLUSIONS: Mostly theophilline and short-acting beta 2-agonists are used. Anticholinergics are used too seldom. COPD treatment is insufficient and inconsistent with actual recommendations. Only 1.7 to 5.5% patients are treated with recommended combination of anticholinergic and long-acting beta 2-agonist.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2002

Electroretinographic changes in the inner retinal layers of the retained eyes of patients with sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma.

PURPOSE: Examination of retinal function as measured by flash electroretinogram (ERG) including oscillatory potentials (OPs) and pattern electroretinogram (PERG) in a series of patients with unilateral sporadic retinoblastoma. PATIENTS: Studies were undertaken in the retained eye (without clinical evidence of retinoblastoma) of 13 patients with sporadic unilateral retinoblastoma and in 13 healthy controls. METHODS: Standard flash ERG including scotopic OPs and PERG recordings were performed in accordance with the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) standards. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between the studied and the control groups were observed with flash ERG (OP1 amplitude increase, p < 0.003; photopic flicker amplitude increase, p < 0.05) and PERG (P50 latency increase, p < 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Inner retinal layer dysfunction may be a characteristic feature of individuals with unilateral sporadic retinoblastoma.

Adolescent↗