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Wojciech Sobaniec

Publications and source records attributed to Wojciech Sobaniec.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Neurophysiologic and neuroimaging studies of brain plasticity in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Patients with cerebral palsy (CP) may have some problems other than this motor impairment: mental retardation, epilepsy and sensory disturbance. Healthy children and children with CP have an enhanced capacity for learning and memory compared to adults. There are few tools for brain plasticity investigations. The utility of the neurophysiologic and MRI techniques in the determination of brain reorganization and repair in patients with cerebral palsy is described. The authors discuss their results of quantitative EEG and spectroscopy MRI studies in children with CP. Quantitative EEG and spectroscopy MRI can be useful tools in the determination of these processes in children with CP.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2006

Metabolite profile in the basal ganglia of children with cerebral palsy: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

This prospective study determined metabolite profile in the left and right basal ganglia of children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) compared with children without disabilities, by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS). Twenty-three patients with spastic CP (12 males, 11 females; mean age 11y 9mo [SD 4y 2mo], range 4-17y) were examined. Twenty children had spastic diplegia and three had quadriplegia. Twenty-four normally developing children (13 females, 11 males; mean age 10y 3mo [SD 4y 8mo], range 4-17y) served as a comparison group. The relative concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were measured relative to creatine (Cr) and different combinations of metabolites within 8cm3 brain voxels. Children with CP showed reduced ratios of NAA:Cr, NAA:Cho, NAA:mI, and GABA:Cr in the basal ganglia relative to a matched comparison group. Patients demonstrated a significant age-dependent increase in NAA:Cr and NAA:Cho in the basal ganglia. No sex-dependent difference was shown in children with CP nor in the comparison group for all tested metabolite ratios. Significant correlation between Apgar score and ratio of mI:Cr in the group with CP was found. None of the tested metabolite ratios were correlated with the severity scale of CP in children with CP. NAA:Cr ratios were negatively correlated with learning disability in patients with CP. Results indicate the association of the metabolite ratios in basal ganglia with learning disability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of the influence of antiepileptic therapy on antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes of children with epilepsy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of antiepileptic therapy on antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in the erythrocytes of children with epilepsy. For this purpose, the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase and the malondialdehyde concentration in 61 healthy children and 90 children with epilepsy were measured. The activities of all of these enzymes were insignificantly higher, whereas the malondialdehyde concentration was significantly lower in the patients treated with carbamazepine monotherapy. In patients treated with valproate monotherapy, the activities of all enzymes were insignificantly lower, whereas the malondialdehyde concentration was insignificantly higher. In patients treated with polytherapy, the activity of superoxide dismutase was insignificantly lower, whereas the activity of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase was insignificantly higher and the malondialdehyde concentration was lower. There were differences in glutathione reductase activity between the valproate monotherapy group and both the carbamazepine monotherapy and polytherapy groups and in malondialdehyde concentrations between the carbamazepine and valproate groups. The results indicate that the oxidant-antioxidant balance in children with epilepsy is modified by antiepileptic therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

EEG spectral analysis and coherence in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND: Hemiparetic cerebral palsy (HCP) is described as having two main forms: arm-dominant, associated with large cortical/subcortical lesions and leg-dominant, associated with central white matter lesions. MATERIAL/METHODS: Twelve children with HCP underwent clinical assessment and imaging studies. For each child, 20 artifact-free EEG epochs, each of 2s duration, were selected for spectral analysis and coherence functions. The objective of this research was to estimate EEG spectral power, interhemispheric coherence (ICoh), and intrahemispheric (Hcoh) coherence in children with HCP as compared to healthy children. RESULTS: Significant differences between the HCP and control children were detected in the distribution of alpha, theta, delta and beta rhythms over the left and right hemispheres. The ICoh values in the alpha band in the temporal, parietal and occipital regions were significantly lower in the HCP patients than in the controls. There was a significant ICoh increase in the HCP in the theta and delta band, involving frontal and temporal derivations. The significantly lower ICoh values in the HCP children in the beta band involved the frontal, central, parietal and occipital derivations. A higher HCoh value in the HCP children in the alpha band was detected at the right hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS: The lower ICoh at the temporal, parietal and occipital derivations in the alpha band implies hypoconnectivity between the right and left hemispheres. HCoh asymmetry, which implies relative hypoconnectivity within the left hemisphere as compared with the right, suggests that functional hemispheric differentiation may be diminished.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxides in children with cerebral palsy.

Impaired antioxidant mechanisms are unable to inactivate free radicals that may induce a number of pathophysiological processes and result in cell injury. Thus, any abnormality in antioxidant defense systems could affect neurodevelopmental processes and could have an important role in the etiology of cerebral palsy (CP). The plasma levels of lipid peroxidation as plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) in plasma and erythrocytes were investigated in 34 CP children and compared with 61 normal controls. SOD, GPx and GR activities were spectrophotometrically assayed. Activities of SOD, GPx and GR in plasma did not differ significantly between CP children and the control group. Activities of erythrocyte GR in the CP patients were significantly lower compared with controls. MDA concentration did not differ statistically between the CP children and healthy subjects. In conclusion our results suggest that increased activities of erythrocyte GPx and decreased erythrocyte GR activities might be due to lesser physical activity of children with CP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

A comparison of spastic diplegic and tetraplegic cerebral palsy.

The aim of this study was to compare spastic diplegic and tetraplegic cerebral palsy. Thirty-eight children had spastic diplegic cerebral palsy and 48 spastic tetraplegic cerebral palsy. Risk factors of cerebral palsy, seizures, severity of cerebral palsy, electroencephalogram, and magnetic resonance imaging findings were analyzed. Gestational history, low birth weight, and perinatal pathologies were present in similar percentages in both groups. Lower values of the Apgar score were recorded more often in the tetraplegic cerebral palsy group than the diplegic group. The children with spastic diplegia were classified more frequently into levels I and II of the Gross Motor Function Classification System, but patients with spastic tetraplegia were classified more frequently into levels IV and V. Similarly, mental retardation was observed more frequently in the patients with spastic tetraplegia. In magnetic resonance imaging, periventricular leukomalacia was detected in a higher proportion of children with spastic diplegia than in patients with tetraplegia. Cerebral atrophy occurred more frequently in the tetraplegic group compared with diplegic patients. Twenty-four (50.0%) children with spastic tetraplegia had epilepsy compared with six children with spastic diplegia. The incidence of intractable epilepsy was higher in the tetraplegic patients than in the children with spastic diplegia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Quantitative EEG analysis in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

Clinical assessment and imaging studies of twenty-six children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (HCP) were conducted. For each child 20 artifact-free EEG epochs, each of 2 s duration were selected for spectral analysis to calculate spectral power and coherence functions. A fast Fourier transformation alogorithm of signal processing was used to obtain the power spectrum of each lead. The objective of this study was to estimate EEG spectral power as well as the interhemispheric (ICoh) and intrahemispheric (Hcoh) coherence in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (HCP) as compared with healthy children. Significant differences between the HCP and control children were noted in the distribution of the alpha, theta and delta rhythms over the left and right hemispheres. In this study we found significant differences between the HCP and control children in the distribution of alpha, theta, delta and beta rhythm over the left and right hemispheres. Significant differences between the HCP and control children were in the distribution of the theta rhythm over the right and left hemispheres. The lower ICoh at the temporal, parietal and occipital derivations in the alpha band implies hypoconnectivity between the right and left hemispheres. The HCoh asymmetry, which implies relative hypoconnectivity within the right and left hemispheres, suggests the functional hemispheric differentiation may be diminished in comparison with the controls.

Alpha Particles↗
PubMed2004

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children with spastic diplegia.

The objective of this prospective study was the application of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in children with spastic diplegia (SD) to determine the metabolite profile of SD children in the left basal ganglia, and to assess the relationship of this profile with motor and mental development. Patients with SD showed reduced ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr), NAA/choline (Cho), NAA/myo-inositol (mI), Cho/NAA, Cho/Cr and Cho/mI in the basal ganglia compared to a well-matched control group. On the other hand, we noted increased Cr/NAA, Cr/Cho and mI/NAA ratios in the SD patients as compared with controls. NAA/mI ratios were positively correlated with the severity scale of cerebral palsy in SD children. There was also a significant correlation between Cr/NAA and mental retardation. Increased Cr/NAA, Cr/Cho and mI/NAA ratios in SD children may suggest the existence of the compensatory mechanisms in these patients. The NAA/mI ratio could be used as an additional marker of SD severity and Cr/NAA as a marker of the mental retardation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Comparisons of right and left hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

The purpose of this study was to compare right and left hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Sixty children (34 males, 26 females) with hemiparetic cerebral palsy were recruited. Thirty-two children manifested left hemiparetic cerebral palsy and 28 right hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Low birth weight, seizures, a family history of epilepsy, severity of cerebral palsy, and computed tomographic findings were analyzed. No significant differences were found between the clinical patterns of hemiparesis in both groups. Gestational history, low birth weight, and perinatal pathologies were present in similar percentages in the left and the right hemiparetic cerebral palsy children. Significantly greater numbers of pregnancies (P = 0.003) and deliveries (P = 0.01) were observed in the left hemiparetic cerebral palsy group as compared with the right hemiparetic cerebral palsy group. Similarly, significantly (P = 0.03) lower values of the Apgar score were recorded in the left hemiparetic cerebral palsy group than the right hemiparetic cerebral palsy group. A similar percentage of neuroradiologic abnormalities was detected in both groups. Twenty-six (43.3%) children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy had epilepsy. The incidence of intractable epilepsy was similar in both groups. The results of this study are comparable with earlier reports on hemiparetic cerebral palsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Current data on interferon therapy of multiple sclerosis in patients at developmental age].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare disorder of the central nervous system in children. In spite of the investigations of the last decade its etiology has not been established. The authors of the paper presented data on the specific nature of children MS using the current literature. They also demonstrated the role of interferon (INF) and clinical trials of MS treatment in children. The authors described their own experiences in the treatment of a boy with the youth MS using INF. The patient has suffered from MS since he was 15; INF therapy was introduced after two relapses of the disease. The results of the 18-month therapy with INF suggest beneficial immunomodulatory effects of interferon on MS course in children. The presented patient is continuing the therapy while his clinical status is being observed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2003

Risk factors and prognosis of epilepsy in children with cerebral palsy in north-eastern Poland.

Though epilepsy occurs in 15-90% of children with cerebral palsy (CP) its clinical course is not well defined. We therefore conducted studies of 198 children with CP seen in Pediatric Neurology Department of the Medical Academy in Białystok between 1994 and, 2001. The aim was to evaluate the risk factors, incidence and prognosis of epilepsy in CP. The overall epilepsy incidence was 41.4%. Epilepsy most commonly affected children with spastic tetraplegia 65.6%. Low birth weight, neonatal seizures, seizures during the first year of life, family history of epilepsy, severity of CP and computer tomography findings were found to be related to significantly increased risk of epilepsy in children with CP in the logistic regression analysis. Intractable epilepsy occurred in 51.2%, while in spastic tetraplegia it was even higher (60%). Controlled epilepsy was observed in 83.3% of spastic diplegia and in 72.7% of spastic hemiplegia. Polytherapy was commonly used in children with spastic tetraplegia 59.5%. Partial seizures secondarily generalized, infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome were the most frequently observed seizures in epileptic children with CP. Epilepsy is common in children with CP and has poor prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Spectral analysis and EEG coherence in children with cerebral palsy: spastic diplegia].

Cerebral palsy (CP) occurs in 1.4-3.0 per 1000 live births children. Major clinical features of CP are: spasticity of extremities, extrapyramidale movements, dyskinesis and ataxia. Spastic diplegia is the most common type of CP. Spectral analysis and coherence EEG are noninvasive measures of the functional relationship between brain regions and are evaluated to determine electrophysiologic abnormalities of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. The objective of this study was to estimate EEG spectral power density and coherence in children with spastic diplegia. A group of 29 children (15 girls and 14 boys) with DS recruited from the Department and Clinic of the Pediatric Neurology Ward in Medical Academy in Białystok, were studied. Their ages ranged from 6-14 years, mean 8.79 +/- 3.23 years. EEG results were compared with a control group of 31 healthy children with normal EEG records. For every subject, 20 artifact-free EEG epochs, each 2 s duration were selected for spectral analysis and coherence functions. A standard (fast fourier transformation) algorithm of signal processing was used. Significant decrease of power alpha at occipital derivations demonstrated in children with DS. On the other hand, there was an increase of theta power and delta bands almost in all leads. An increase of beta power was no significant compared with controls. Significant decrease of interhemispheric coherence values in children with DS for the alpha and theta band frequencies and in a few cases decrease of delta and beta bands were observed. Differences of intrahemispheric coherence values were detected at central-temporal and temporal-occipital leads. The presented results support anatomic-neurophysiologic abnormalities demonstrated in children with DS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of the etiology, clinical picture and treatment of epilepsy in children in the north-eastern region of Poland.

Epilepsy is one of the most frequent diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) in children. It is considered that roughly 50% of epilepsies begin during childhood. The Department of Childrens' Neurology of the Medical Academy of Białystok embraces with medical attention over 500 children with epilepsy from the north-eastern region of Poland. The aim of the study was the analysis of etiology, clinical symptoms and treatment of epilepsy in children, who are under the medical attention of our Department. 392 children aged from 7 months to 18 and 2/12 years were included in the study. In the analysed groups were 46.6% girls and 53.4% boys. 44.4% of the children live in cities and 55.6% in small towns or villages. The etiology of epilepsy was established in 48.7% of the children. The most common etiology of epilepsy were hypoxic-ischemic damages in perinatal period, developmental malformation of the brain, craniocerebral injuries and neuroinfections in the neonatal period. In 50.3% of the children the etiology of epilepsy was unknown. The most common types of seizures were primary and secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures. 92.6% of the patients received the antiepileptic drugs during the study. Monotherapy was administered in 66.0%, politherapy in 26.5% of the children. The results relating to the etiology and clinical picture of epilepsy in our children are consisted with many dates from literature. It is a favourable observation, that in many children monotherapy is an effective treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Seasonal variations of cerebral palsy births in northeastern Poland.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this report was to examine the seasonal variations on the incidence of cerebral palsy (CP) in Podlasie province, Poland in a retrospective case-control study. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Department of Pediatric Neurology and Rehabilitation. Selected babies were all born between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 1999; 212 children (116 boys, 96 girls) with CP were included in the study. We applied Cosinor analysis to examine the seasonality of CP births. RESULTS: The highest number of CP births occurred in spring and the lowest in winter, with intermediate values in summer and autumn. This seasonal pattern was significant for spring vs. winter. The peaks in CP births occurred in May and August. The lowest number of CP births occurred in February and December. We also demonstrated seasonal variation in CP births in girls and boys and Apgar score. Peaks in CP births in boys were noted in May and October and Apgar score in May and December, respectively. No significant relationship between mean temperature and Apgar score, low birthweight and asphyxia was found. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest the seasonal patterns of CP births. Further studies should be performed with larger numbers of patients.

Birth Rate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Somatosensory and visual evoked potentials in children with cerebral palsy: correlations and discrepancies with MRI findings and clinical picture.

PURPOSE: To determine if there is any association between the findings of visual evoked potentials (VEPs), somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with the neurodevelopment and severity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: The present study included 15 children with spastic diplegic CP and five children with spastic hemiplegic CP and 42 healthy children as controls. The number of the controls was two-times greater than the study group to increase statistical power of this study. VEPs and SEPs were recorded in the CP children and compared with healthy controls. All MR scans were obtained using a 1.5 T MR scanner. RESULTS: A significant difference was found in the latencies P100 (VEP) between the CP and controls. No correlations between increased P100 latencies and asphyxia, prematurity, the CP severity, MRI findings and mental retardation were noted. A significant difference in N13-N20 conductions (SEPs) between the subjects with CP and the control group was found. SEPs were positively correlated with mental retardation in CP children. The brain lesions in MRI showed a significant correlation with the CP severity scores and mental retardation. CONCLUSION: The differences in VEPs and SEPs were determined between CP children and healthy children. The MRI findings were positively correlated with the CP severity and mental retardation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcium modulation in epilepsy.

The ideal antiepileptic drug (AED) should correct the aberrant pathophysiology of epileptogenesis without interfering with normal neurotransmission A new group of drugs with antiepileptic efficacy, without sedative properties, would be an exciting prospect. Theoretical considerations and results from experimental animal models of epilepsy have put forward the possibility that calcium (Ca2+) antagonists may form such a group. The initiation of epileptogenic activity in the neuron is thought to be connected with the phenomenon known as "intrinsic burst firing", which is activated by an inward Ca2+ current. Ca2+ is described as the primary mediator of "excitotoxic" neuronal damage. Both necrotic and apoptotic cell death is associated with Ca2+ entry into the cells during status epilepticus. The Ca2+ channel blockers depressed epileptic depolarizations of neurons. In this review, we present anticonvulsant effects of cinnarizine, flunarizine, nifedipine, nimodipine, nicardipine, amlodipine, isradipine, niguldipine, diltiazem, verapamil and dantrolene in animal models of seizures. Also, a detailed analysis of interactions between Ca2+ blockers and AEDs was performed. Clinical trials in intractable epilepsy support to a certain degree antiepileptic properties of Ca2+ antagonists.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Auditory cognitive event-related potentials in migraine with and without aura in children and adolescents].

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cognitive Event-Related Potentials (CERP) reflect sensory information processing: cognitive function and early memory. Studies of CERP in adult migraneurs yielded contradictory results. The aim of our study was to evaluate CERP in children and adolescents with migraine with and without aura during the interictal period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 111 children aged 7-18 years (mean 12.92 (2.78) with idiopathic attack headaches. In this group migraine with aura (MA) was diagnosed in 27 patients, migraine without aura (MO) in 36 children and episodic tension-type (TH) headaches in 48 patients. RESULTS: The latencies N2 and P3 were significantly longer (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) in the group of all migraneurs (MA + MO, n = 63) as compared with the TH group. In the MO group not only N2 and P3 latency, but also P2 latency (p < 0.05) were longer, if particular types of migraine were compared with tension-type headaches. There were no statistically significant differences between mean latencies in MA and TH groups. Analyzing CERP amplitudes, the N1/P2 amplitude was significantly higher in MO patients than in the TH group only. We found longer P2, N2 and P3 latencies and higher N1/P2 amplitude in MO patients in comparison with MA patients. We found correlation between P3 latency and the age of patients with migraine. There were no statistically significant correlations for either headache type between CERP parameters and illness duration, sex of patients and unilateral localisation of headache. CONCLUSIONS: The CERP parameter changes in children with migraine point out the disturbances of cognitive functions also for auditory modalities. It suggests generalized dysfunction of cortical information processing in the interictal period of migraine.

Adolescent↗