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X Chanudet

Publications and source records attributed to X Chanudet.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The influence of anthropometric factors, hemorheologic parameters and the level of arterial pressure on pulse wave velocity].

UNLABELLED: The measurement of the pulse wave velocity (PWV) is widely used in clinical practice to assess the elasticity of the arterial system. It can be influenced by a number of factors. The present study was undertaken to assess the possible role of anthropometric factors, hemorheological parameters and blood pressure on this element. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-three male subjects, mean age: 21 +/- 1.6 years,; height: 177 +/- 7 cm; weight: 76 +/- 13 kg, were subjected to Doppler measurement of the carotid-femoral PWV with synchronous recording of blood pressure. In parallel, the following were carried out: nycthemeral blood pressure recording, measurement of plasma vicosity and erythrocyte deformability, determination of hematocrit, fibrinogen and total proteins. The Quetelet indices and body surface area (BSA) were calculated for each patient. These data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Three parameters affect PWV: 24-hours diastolic blood pressure, hematocrit, and body surface area (the coefficient of multiple correlation: r = 0.597, the percent variability of the explained variable is equal to 35.7%, the regression equation can be written: PWV CF (cm/sec) + 0.283*Diast/24 hours + 0.742* hematocrit + 9.486* BSA = 0.629). The following parameters are not involved: plasma viscosity, erythrometry, total proteins, fibrinogen, Quetelet index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure during the investigation, mean systolic pressure and mean heart rate over 24 hours. COMMENTS: The PWV-diastolic pressure relationship is well-known. In contrast, the effect of the hematocrit and body surface area has never been reported.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A method to define reference profiles for ambulatory blood pressure, with application to blood pressure profiles in 158 young subjects.

Ambulatory blood pressures (systolic, SBP, diastolic, DBP) and heart rate were determined over 24 h every 15 min in the day and every 15 min in the night in 72 normal subjects aged 21 +/- 1 SEM with normal casual office pressures (WHO's criteria: office DBP less than or equal to 90 mmHg, office SBP less than or equal to 140 mmHg) and in 86 essential hypertensive subjects aged 21 +/- 1, with borderline office pressure (WHO's criteria: office DBP less than or equal to 95 mmHg, office SBP less than or equal to 160 mmHg). Complete 24-hour profiles (mean +/- SD) were reported. In the average, mean ambulatory DBP in the normal group was about 72.5 mmHg in "day time" (9 a.m.-9 p.m.) and 63.5 mmHg in "night time" (midnight-7 a.m.). Ambulatory SBP in the normal group were about 126 mmHg and 110 mmHg for the same time periods. In the borderline hypertensive group, the figures were 74 mmHg (day-time) and 67 mmHg (night time) for diastolic pressure and 140 mmHg (day time) and 118 mmHg (night time) for systolic pressure. However, when the normal and borderline groups were defined as above on the basis of office pressure, ambulatory blood pressure profiles in the two groups showed a large overlap. A method was proposed to reduce this overlap by partially reallocating the subjects on the basis of ambulatory blood pressure. First, a typical profile was defined for each group and a distance was defined between two arbitrary profiles. Then a subject in the normal (resp. hypertensive) group was reallocated to the hypertensive (normal) group if his profile was closer to the typical profile of the hypertensive (normal) group than the typical profile of his own group. Applied to ambulatory DBP profiles, this method reallocated 49 subjects (over the total of 158), significantly reduced the initial overlap of BP profiles between the two groups, and defined reference profiles for "normal" and "borderline" ambulatory blood pressures.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Plasma viscosity and erythrocyte filterability in borderline hypertension].

Hemorheological constants (plasma viscosimetry and erythrocyte filtrability index) were studied in 153 male subjects aged 19 to 23. Borderline hypertension defined by clinical criteria was found in 61 of these patients. Whilst there was no notable modification in plasma viscosity, by contrast there was a significant link between erythrometry and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Erythrocyte deformability was all the more marked as blood pressure rose. These results would contrast with findings in the literature in cases of definite hypertension. The borderline nature of hypertension and the youth of the population was such that it could be considered that barometric factors had not yet influenced erythrocyte filtrability. The following hypothesis is therefore attractive: initially the red cell adapts itself to any possible increase in peripheral resistance. As the years go by its deformability is lessened by adverse changes affecting its membrane cytoskeleton.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

[Nycthemeral blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis of borderline arterial hypertension in young adults].

PURPOSE: Evaluating Blood Pressure Monitoring contribution at rest to the diagnosis and pathophysiology of borderline (BL) hypertension in the twenties. METHOD: a nycthemeral blood pressure recording each 15 minute has been performed during the 48 first hours of hospitalisation on two groups of white twenties males with a Dinamap: 143 CONTROLS. Mean age: 21.1 +/- 2 yrs, mean height: 177 +/- 7 cm, mean weight: 71 +/- 11 kg; 104 BL hypertensive patients. Mean age: 21 +/- 2 yrs, mean height: 178 +/- 7 cm, mean weight: 78 +/- 12 kg. Mean BP recording levels are smaller than casual measurements in two groups: CONTROLS (Casual BP: 125/71, BP recording on 24 hours: 117/60, day time: 121/63, nighttime: 110/54 mmHg). BL hypertensives (Casual BP: 144/83, BP recording on 24 h: 132/69, daytime: 137/73, nighttime: 121/60 mmHg). Nycthemeral BP variability measured by the standard deviation of mean pressure is not different in two groups for systolic variability, it significantly differs for diastolic variability (BL: 7.6/CONTROLS: 5.5, p less than 0.01). Correlations between casual BP and diurnal records are stronger in controls than in BL patients showing a lower predictive value of clinical assessment in BL patients. Though the same heart rate at sleep, BP is significantly higher in BL than in controls. It probably means that factors different from sympathetic activity are involved in pathophysiology of borderline hypertension. The whole measurement study on 24 hours of two groups show an important overlap (the 65th percentile in BL systolic BP correspond with the 95th of controls, the 74th percentile in BL diastolic BP correspond with the 95th in controls). That make difficult the recording evaluation for a given patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Computerized processing, using a Macintosh, of ambulatory arterial pressure measurements collected on a Spacelabs monitor].

UNLABELLED: The use of the Spacelabs blood pressure recorder has given rise to processing programs running on Apple II and IBM PC computers. The authors have written in M.S. BASIC (2.1) a program who take advantage of graphic abilities and easy manipulation on Macintosh. The software was designed to perform three tasks: Communicating between Macintosh and Spacelabs station using serial interface (RS 232) without requesting specific interface card. Editing a report on two pages: The first is the listing of 96 measurements (one by 15 minutes). The second provides: patient identification, height, weight, diagnosis. Graphic representation of measurements Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) repartition histogram for 24 hours, day and night. Standard deviation and mean of pressure and heart rate (HR) for those periods. A third optionally gives hourly chronogram and diagrams for cumulated BP and HR. Creating a file: 550 records can be stored on a 800 K floppy disk. The file handles: data for each patient (excepted identification). Random access and revision of each parameter is possible. SYNTHESIS: comparative reports for group patients and patient by patient analysing data with appropriate statistical test (ANOVA and correlation) are done.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1986

[Mitral valve prolapse and pectus excavatum. Expressions of connective tissue dystrophy?].

Pectus excavatum is a common malformation in diseases of elastic tissue (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos...). When observed apparently alone it may represent a minor form of dystrophy, implying the same risk of a cardiac lesion. Abnormalities of the thoracic skeleton and echocardiographic mitral valve prolapse is a well established association, suggesting a common disorder of connective tissue. However, there is no absolute proof that this is a statistically significant association. Histological connective tissue changes relating these two markers have yet to be found. Clinical and echocardiographic examinations and skin biopsies were performed in 17 patients with pectus excavatum. Mitral valve prolapse was detected in 65% of cases (associated in 1 out of 3 cases with tricuspid valve prolapse). In 53% of cases electron microscopy showed abnormal skin collagen and elastin. Collagen abnormalities were twice as common as those of elastin and could be associated. Mixed changes of thinning of elastin and collagen fibres of irregular calibre were particularly suggestive. Pectus excavatum would therefore seem to be the expression of a minor form of dystrophy of collagen and elastin tissues and a clinical marker of possible mitral valve prolapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Digital microembolism disclosing intracardiac thrombosis].

The authors report the observation of a 46 year old man with a case history of myocardial infarction at the age of 26 years, transient ischemic injury at 41 years of age, and in whom a focalised digital ischemic syndrome of microembolic nature led to the discovery of an intracardial thrombosis which was operated upon and progressed without complication. Bloody microembolisms of cardiac origin may be selectively revealed by acrosyndromes, the diagnostic elements of which are mentioned. They are poorly understood conditions. Their significance must not be neglected because of the risk of recurrence in macroembolic form. The pathogenesis of these obstructions and their specific responsibility for ischemic cardiopathies is reviewed. It is appropriate to emphasise the novelty of this observation since, in the context of ischemic cardiopathies, no attention has been devoted to microembolisms, in contrast to the numerous publications relating to macroembolisms. The symptomatic treatment is unremarkable, the etiological treatment of intracardial thrombosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arthritis and palmoplantar pustulosis].

Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris may be associated with a number of articular diseases. Known to be present in Fiessinger-Leroy-Reiter syndrome and psoriasis arthropatica, this skin disease has been classified by Japanese authors as a new nosological entity: pustular osteo-arthritis. Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris seems to represent a meeting point for axial rheumatisms close to ankylozing spondylitis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the influence of the time of administration on the antihypertensive effect and nitrendipine tolerance in mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients. Value of ambulatory recording of blood pressure on 24 hours].

Forty-one patients with mild to moderate hypertension were included in a multicentre trial. The objective was to assess the influence of the time at which nitrendipine (Nidrel 20 mg) is taken on its efficacy and tolerance. The drug was administered once daily either in the morning or in the evening during 2 consecutive periods of 28 days. Efficacy was assessed on an ambulatory recording of blood pressure over 24 hours. Globally, nitrendipine results in a statistically significant drop in blood pressure which is not influenced by the time of administration. Treatment response varies greatly according to the initial value of ambulatory diastolic blood pressure. There is a clear antihypertensive effect if ADBP is greater than or equal to 90 mmHg and no hypotensive effect if ADBP is less than 90 mmHg. The incidence of adverse effects did not vary according to the time the drug was taken. Biological tolerance was excellent. Nitrendipine, administered once daily alone appears to be an efficient antihypertensive agent, well tolerated both clinically and biologically. Its efficacy is maintained over a 24-hour period regardless of the time at which the drug is taken.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Current realities and future outlook].

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy frequently affects Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic patients. This disease is distinguished by visible clinical consequences which can be tragic. It can also worsen a number of degenerative complications. Therefore, cardiac autonomic neuropathy seems to play a deciding role in silent ischaemia and in dysregulations of blood pressure. Clinical explorations continue to be based on the tests validated by Ewing, but the development of simple and reliable techniques seems to be an objective the interest of which cannot escape any clinician.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of arterial pressure level evaluated using ambulatory measurement on the two year course of microalbuminuria of type 1 diabetic subjects].

The aim of the present study is the evaluation two years apart of the effect of initial blood pressure values on ambulatory blood pressure determinations on the rise of microalbuminuria in 77 Type 1 diabetic patients. At the beginning of the study, subjects with incipient nephropathy have a whole day systolic and diastolic blood pressure greater than those whose microalbuminuria is below than 30 mg/24 h (127.7 +/- 15.1 mmHg versus 115 +/- 14.3 mmHg, p < 0.001; 76.6 +/- 8.1 mmHg versus 72.5 +/- 7.3 mmHg, p < 0.05). Among patients whose initial microalbuminuria was lower than 30 mg/24 h, incipient nephropathy will not be dependent on initial blood pressure values but conditioned by patients' age and duration diabetes of mellitus. On the other hand, blood pressure increases the microalbuminuria of the patients who had incipient nephropathy at the beginning of the study. In patients with diabetes mellitus, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring appreciates the impact of the pressure rise on the kidney, retina and heart.

Adult↗