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X Codaccioni

Publications and source records attributed to X Codaccioni.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Important elevation of uric acid associated with vomiting at the third trimester of pregnancy: report of five cases with favorable outcome].

We report five cases of vomiting associated with a very important increase of maternal plasma uric acid (> 595 mmol/l, 100 mg/l) at the third trimester of pregnancy. In all cases, elevation was transitory and regressive with rehydratation. Pregnancies proceeded normally to term and delivered healthy babies. An important rise of plasmatic uric acid during pregnancy can be found in severe hypertensive disorders (preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, acute fatty liver). Nevertheless, it can be related to transient renal insufficiency without any severe pathology. In our five observations, digestive disorders seem to be the reason for this phenomenon and spontaneous prognosis was excellent in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Premature discontinuation of breastfeeding].

UNLABELLED: This study was performed to describe the factors associated with a premature cessation of breastfeeding. BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Three hundred and forty nine women with a plan for prolonged breastfeeding over two months were interviewed during their hospital stay to define sociological and medical variables. One month after discharge, mothers were contacted by a physician for making out evolution of the breastfeeding. RESULTS: Eighty-eight (28%) women were no more breastfeeding their infant and were compared to the other 224 (64%) mothers. The main sociological factors influencing the cessation of breastfeeding were low education level (odds ratio 4.2 [95% CI 2.2-8.3]), and primiparity (odds ratio 2.1 [95% CI 1.1-3.9]). Pacifier use was associated with a lower duration of breastfeeding (odds ratio 2.5 [95% CI 1.4-4.5]). Medical predictive factors were infant weight loss (odds ratio 4.3 [95% CI 1.7-10.6]), respect of intervals between feeding times (odds ratio 2.1 [95% CI 1.1-4.4]), delay before the first feeding (odds ratio 1.9 [95% CI 1.0-3.6]). On the other hand formula supplementation was not related with cessation of breastfeeding. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As the success of breastfeeding depends on maternal motivation, it seems essential to take into account mothers' plan to study breastfeeding duration. The knowledge of predictive factors of the cessation of breastfeeding should allow to identify mothers who need particularly the attention of healthcare professionals.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effects of inhaled nitric oxide on gas exchange and acute lung injury in premature lambs with moderate hyaline membrane disease.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) may change lung injury in moderate hyaline membrane disease (HMD). METHODS: Fifteen moderately premature lambs (128 days gestation, term=147 days) were randomly assigned to treatment with 20 ppm inhaled NO (n=7) from the onset of ventilation or control (n=8). Except for inhaled NO, treatments were intentionally similar to those applied in clinical situations. After porcine surfactant administration (Curosurf, 100 mg/kg), mechanical ventilator settings were modified during the course of the study to maintain PaCO(2) between 40 and 50 mmHg and post-ductal SpO(2) between 90 and 95%. The main studied parameters were gas exchanges parameters, respiratory mechanics (static compliance and functional residual capacity) and pulmonary vascular permeability and/or filtration rate indices. RESULTS: We found that 20 ppm of inhaled NO for 5 h significantly reduce ventilatory and oxygen requirements, but only during the first hour of mechanical ventilation. No increase in extravascular lung water content (5.41+/-0.96 vs. 5.46+/-1.09 ml/g bloodless dry lung in the control group and in the NO group, respectively) and no impairment of the respiratory mechanics could be found in the NO-treated group. However, inhaled NO increased the albumin lung leak index in this model (6.09+/-1.51 in the NO-treated group vs. 4.08+/-1.93 in the control group; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not therefore support a detrimental effect of short-term exposure to low doses of NO inhalation in moderate HMD. However, it may induce an increase in lung vascular protein leakage. The pathophysiological consequences of this finding remain to be elucidated.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1999

[Contribution of direct bacteriologic examinations to the diagnosis of early materno-fetal bacterial infection: the Lille experience].

A prospective study was conducted in 3056 live-born infants delivered at the Jeanneade-Flandre maternity hospital of the Lille Teaching Hospital between January and August 1997. Clinical, laboratory test, and microbiological test findings were compared. A cohort of 1003 infants who remained in the maternity ward but were considered at increased risk of maternofetal infection (MFI) based on history and/or obstetrical criteria and/or neonatal criteria underwent routine collection of specimens including gastric fluid, auricular and anal swabs, amniotic fluid, and placental fragments. Microscopic examination of gastric fluid smears, the first result available to the clinician, was found to have 27.5% sensitivity (983 samples). Positive predictive value (PPV) was only 17.8% because of a high rate of colonization (16.8%), defined as absence of clinical symptoms and three peripheral specimens positive for the same organism. However, negative predictive value (NPV) was as high as 99.8% as a result of high sensitivity (97.8%) in the infected neonates. The gastric fluid smear was positive in 30% and 35% of neonates born to mothers with hyperpyrexia during early and late labor, respectively, and in 42% of neonates born to mothers with a history of group B streptococcus carriage during the pregnancy. Forty-two per cent of neonates with a history of fetal tachycardia had a positive gastric fluid smear. Diagnostic criteria for infection were three peripheral specimens positive for the same organism, C-reactive protein elevation, and/or one or more clinical signs suggestive of infection, and/or a positive central specimen (blood, CSF). The infection rate in infants who remained in the maternity ward was 1.6%. The most common causative organisms were group B streptococci. These findings illustrate the useful contribution of gastric fluid smears to the early diagnosis of MFI and confirm the predominant role of group B streptococci.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1998

[Twenty practical questions about prenatal corticosteroid therapy].

Since Liggins and Howie first published their work, numerous studies have shown that corticosteroids significantly decrease perinatal mortality and morbidity, without complication for the mothers and child. Corticosteroids should be prescribed in case of threatening premature birth. Imminent delivery premature rupture of the membranes and gestationnal age over 34 weeks are not contraindications to prescription, as corticosteroids can be safely given all in these circumstances. Theoretically, more than half of premature neonates should have been treated with corticosteroids. Actually, only 20% or less are currently treated. The cost-effectiveness ratio of an antenatal corticosteroid policy would be extremely positive: more than 1,500 prenatal deaths could theoretically be avoided in France annually and the overall cost of neonatal care would decrease by 10%.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Fetal cells in the maternal blood: a step towards non-invasive prenatal diagnosis? Review of the literature].

Prenatal diagnosis of genetic abnormalities requires nucleated fetal cells which are currently obtained by invasive techniques such as amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling and percutaneous umbilical blood sampling. Each of these entails a risk to the foetus and sometimes to the mother. Nucleated fetal cells have been reported to be present in maternal blood. Recovery of fetal cells from maternal blood would allow a noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Their rarity (1 fetal cell for 10(6) to 10(8) maternal cells) presents a technical challenge. Due to the small number of fetal cells, sensitive analysis techniques such as PCR and FISH are necessary. Some degree of fetal cells enrichment in the maternal blood sample often precedes the analysis. Different techniques are used for the enrichment: discontinuous density gradient, magnetic activated cell sorting, fluorescence activated cell sorting, micromanipulator.... Several prenatal diagnosis have already been performed from maternal venous blood samples: diagnosis of gender, RhD blood genotype, Duchenne muscular dystrophy and hemoglobinopathy by PCR, diagnosis of gender and chromosome aneuploidy by FISH. Many teams are working on this subject. It is difficult to compare the studies because the techniques of enrichment and analysis vary. We review the different strategies chosen for prenatal diagnosis from maternal blood and discuss the results.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1998

[Pelvic trauma and pregnancy. Literature review and case report].

The authors are dealing with a case of a pelvic fracture (right superior pubic ramus) after a road traffic accident to a patient who arise a pregnancy with twins at twenty five weeks pregnant. Seven per cent of a road traffic accident affect pregnancy with a maternal death rate from eight to sixteen per cent and a fetal death rate up to fifty seven per cent. Pelvic trauma are more deleterious during the pregnancy because of the gravide uterus, of the abdominal injuries binding more often, and of pregnancy secondary maternal physiology which lead to delay diagnosis and therapeutics. Blunt fetomaternal consequences are ruled by pelvic haematomas, uterine rupture, prematurity, acute fetal distress, fetal injuries and in utero death. At mid and long range arise the problem of child birth way and the risk of mechanical dystocy. Cesarean is store in case of vesical and urethral injuries, or perineal injury, several pelvic fractures or in case of the pelvic belt fracture moved and not reduced, bringing to a surgical unsymmetrical pelvis. In the other cases, the obstetrical prognoses will be done after a dialogue with all medical staff and a full synthesis of the file based on the fetopelvic comparisons (obstetrics previous, clinic, fetal biometry, pelvimetry X ray).

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1997

Arterial ischemic strokes associated with pregnancy and puerperium.

Physiological changes occurring during pregnancy and puerperium may increase the risk of stroke. However, the incidence rate of ischemic stroke is of 3.8 to 5 in 100,000 pregnancies, i.e. quite similar to that of ischemic strokes occurring in non pregnant women of child bearing age. Whereas eclampsia, choriocarcinoma and amniotic emboli occur only during pregnancy or puerperium, peripartum cardiomyopathy and benign cerebral angiopathy are less specific. All other causes of cerebral ischemia may also occur during pregnancy and puerperium. The management of an ischemic stroke should not differ between pregnant and non pregnant women of child bearing age. Strokes associated with pregnancy require a complete diagnostic work-up including angiography if necessary. Low doses of aspirin (60-80 mg/d) can be used after 3 months of pregnancy. Heparin is the anticoagulant of choice during pregnancy, but warfarin may be used between 13 and 36 weeks of gestation; heparin and warfarin can be used during breast feeding. There is no neurological reason to recommend a systematic use of cesarean section. Subsequent prescription of oral contraceptive therapy is not recommended except in patients with a definite cause of ischemic stroke which is not influenced by hormones.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1997

[Panorama of uropathies discovered during the prenatal period. 147 cases].

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to establish the panorama of uropathies discovered during the antenatal period and to analyze the explorations performed. Pregnancy outcome and infant prognosis was also recorded. METHOD: Ultrasonographic imaging revealed dilatation in 62.5% of the cases, parenchymal anomalies in 26.3% and unilateral or bilateral agenesia in 11.2%. The percentage of abnormal karyotypes was 4.76% for all urorenal symptomatologies. These abnormal karyotypes corresponded to 10% of those performed in 17 fetuses, urine puncture was used in order to assess in utero renal function. There were 113 live births, 31 medically termined pregnancies and 3 spontaneous abortions. Among the 113 live infants, 12 died during the post-natal period. Thirty-two infants were considered to be normal and 69 had an urorenal malformation, including 2 infants with pre-end-stage renal failure at 4 and 3 years. CONCLUSION: It is uncommon to discover an urorenal malformation at prenatal ultrasonography. The main problem is antenatal management and evaluation of prognosis. Urine puncture and in utero derivation are discussed. When no other reliable factors affecting fetal prognosis are available, puncture of fetal urine provides useful information for management although the technique remains under debate.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1997

[Pregnancy in women with a mechanical heart valve. Review of the literature].

AIM: To define therapeutic ways to manage obstetrics at an optimal level for a patient carrying a mechanical prosthetic heart valve. METHOD: From a review of literature and documented cases, we propose an obstetrical and cardiological management scheme for pregnant patients carrying a mechanical prosthetic heart valve. We deal successively with the preventive (anticoagulation) and curative treatment (surgery and thrombolytic therapy) of valvular thrombosis, in fact, a severe -but unfortunately frequent- complication of these pregnancies. RESULTS: Pregnancy concerning patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves is a high-risk pregnancy. In fact, the risk of thrombo-embolic accidents even with a closely followed anticoagulant treatment seems to come from the existence of the prothese, the state of physiological hypercoagulation and peri-partum hemorrhages. Naturally, multidisciplinary follow-up is indispensable. The prescription of anticoagulant treatments must respect the main principals and the normal counter-indications in order to minimise maternal and fetal complications. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy amongst patients carrying mechanical prosthetic heart valves should be considered rare and highly exceptional cases, from a cardio-vascular surgeon's point of view. For obstetricians, it is sometimes difficult to forbid pregnancy to a nullipara. The discussion whether to authorize a pregnancy will be treated case-by-case, holding into account the socio-cultural environment of the patient, as the principles of an anticoagulant treatment and the underlying risks must be well understood.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1996

[Willebrand's disease and pregnancy. Fifteen cases].

Willebrand's disease, the most frequent inborn coagulopathy, is defined as a deficiency in Willebrand's factor required for normal hemostasis as a mediator in platelet adhesion to the subendothelium and which also contributes to plasma coagulation pathway (by preserving the coagulating activity of factor VIII). Classically, Willebrand's disease improves somewhat during pregnancy. We followed 15 pregnancies in 12 patients with Willebrand's disease in an attempt to determine the best management strategy to reduce the risk of bleeding during delivery. This risk can be assessed on the basis of prior history of bleeding and the laboratory tests and reduced by administration of concentrated Willebrand's factor at 8 months gestation. In patients with type I disease, desmopressin is proposed as curative treatment during the post partum period. Antenatal diagnosis is possible in the most severe forms. Programmed delivery is recommended. Spinal analgesia is contraindicated.

Decision Trees↗