Bracing for serratus anterior palsy.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to X T Truong.
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A baseball bat adaptation to improve the handling with below-elbow prosthesis is described. The adaptation consists of a ball and socket joint unit interposed between wrist and hand prostheses. A patient who had forearm amputation successfully used the adaptation to play softball.
Sensory conduction velocity in the proximal portion of the sural nerve differs significantly from that in the distal portion and is less variable. Its determination should improved the value and accuracy of the electroneurographic examination of this nerve. Antidromic conduction velocities in 3 contiguous nerve segments of 10cm each, were determined in 102 sural nerves in normal subjects. The mean velocity in the most distal segment was 33.9 +/- 3.25m/sec. The mean velocities for the middle and most proximal segments were 51.0 +/- 3.8m/sec and 51.6 +/- 3.8m/sec respectively and were not significantly different. There was a positive correlation between conduction velocities and skin temperatures below 84F (28.9C), and no correlation for temperatures above 84F. A sural communicating branch from the common peroneal nerve was demonstrated by electrical stimulation in 9 of 107 cases. The results showed that proximal conduction velocity determination in the sural nerve is a practical procedure.
The pathomechanics of serratus anterior palsy are reviewed to provide a physiological basis for designing an effective brace. The problems involved in the practical application of the brace and the effectiveness of the brace in controlling the biomechanical dysfunctions are discussed. Two modifications of the basic brace and their effects on the patients' shoulder functions are presented. The main benefit of scapular bracing is control of scapular winging, while loss of active scapular rotation and medial scapular displacement cannot be effectively corrected.
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The real part of the complex Young's modulus of whole frog sartorius muscle in the resting state was derived from step pulse propagation data in the frequency range 1.0-10 000 Hz. The derivation was based on Fourier integral analysis of the shapes of the propagated pulses to obtain velocities and attenuation coefficients for various harmonic frequencies. The results were consistent with previous sinusoidal wave propagation studies in the higher-frequency range. The general frequency response of the muscle was analogous to the "standard linear solid" model. The relaxation time spectrum derived from the modulus-frequency function showed similar spectral contents to spectra obtained with other methods. The advantages and limitations of the pulse method are discussed.
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