Biomedical subjects

Xiao-Yan Cai

Publications and source records attributed to Xiao-Yan Cai.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Dendritic cell infiltration and prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIM: To elucidate the relationship between local immunocompetent cells and prognosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection. METHODS: HE staining and immunohistochemical study were carried out on specimens from patients underwent surgical resection. Local immunocompetent cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), memory T cells, CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes, were counted and their relationships with tumor-free survival rate were analyzed by grouping DCs with the T lymphocytes retrospectively. RESULTS: The number grade of infiltrating immunocompetent cells in HCC nodules and pericancerous tissues under HE staining had no significant correlation with tumor-free survival time (P=0.054, 0.071, respectively). DCs were mainly among tumor cells, encircling tumor cells with their pseudopodia and were in contact with T lymphocytes. A certain number of DCs in HCC nodules (> or =25/10HPF) statistically correlated to tumor-free survival time (P=0.005), while a certain number of DCs in pericancerous tissues (> or =28/10HPF) had no correlation with tumor-free survival time (P=0.329). The number of memory T cells, CD3+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes in HCC nodules strongly correlated to tumor-free survival time (P=0.003, 0.005, 0.037, respectively). The tumor-free survival rate curves revealed that the more DCs or together with memory T cells/CD3+ T lymphocytes or that the more CD8+ T lymphocytes were detected in HCC nodules, the better the prognosis would be. CONCLUSIONS: Marked infiltration of DCs in HCC nodules was closely related to the prognosis of HCC after surgical resection and can be served as a predictive index for recurrence and metastasis of HCC.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Relationship between dendritic cells and memory T lymphocytes in tumor site and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the distribution and quantity of dendritic cells (DCs) and memory T lymphocytes in the tumor site and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Hematoxilin and eosin staining was done on 123 specimens of pathologically proven HCC to observe the infiltration of lymphocytes. Immunohistochemistry was used to count the S-100 protein positive DCs and CD45RO antigen positive memory T cells in ten high power fields within a specimen. Double immunohistochemical staining with double enzyme renovated by microwave for S-100 protein and CD45RO antigens was used to observe relationship between the positivity of S-100 protein and positivity of CD45RO antigen. The specimens were divided into 4 groups according to the averaged numbers of DCs and memory T cells: group I with the DCs and T cells both >/= average numbers, group II with the DCs >/= T cells and T cells < average number, group III with the DCs < average number and memory T cells >/= average, and group IV with both DCs and T cells < average numbers. RESULTS: HE staining showed that the grade of intratumoral or peritumoral lymphocytes was not correlated with the tumor-free survival rate (P = 0.054, 0.071, both P > 0.05), the number of DCs in the cancerous node (DC >/= 25/10 high power field) was positively correlated with the tumor-free survival rate (P = 0.005) and the number of T cells in the cancerous node was positively correlated with the tumor-free survival rate (P = 0.003). Double staining method of immunohistochemistry showed that in the cancerous nodes the number of CD-100 positive DCs and the number of CD45RO positive memory T cells was significantly correlated (r = 0.531, P = 0.000). A greater number of DCs in the cancerous nodes showed a longer tumor-free survival rate of the patients (P = 0.000 between group I and group IV, P = 0.009 between group II and group IV, and P = 0.545 between group I and group II). CONCLUSION: The tumor-free survival rate of the patients who had more intratumoral DCs is higher, which indicates that DCs play an important role in activation of T lymphocytes and immune response and can be used as an independent prognostic factor.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMed2005

[Clinical significance of protein Z detection in patients with malignant tumors].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The blood of the patients with malignant tumors is in hypercoagulable state; its correlation to tumor migration evokes more and more attentions. Protein Z (PZ), a newly found anti-coagulation factor, is a vitamin K-dependent plasma protein which is synthesized by the liver. Its structure is very similar to the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, such as FXII, FIX, FX, and protein C, but its physiologic function and clinical significance are unclear. The alteration of PZ level correlates with the increased risk of coagulating abnormality-caused diseases, but its alteration in solid tumors is seldom reported. This study was to explore clinical significance of PZ and the correlation of PZ level to FXII:C; FIX:C and FX:C levels in malignant tumors. METHODS: Plasma levels of PZ, FXII:C, FIX:C, FX:C, and FX:Ag of 80 patients with malignant tumors (MT group) and 80 healthy donors (control group) were detected; their correlations were analyzed. RESULTS: The level of PZ was significantly lower in MT group than in control group [(1 210.89+/-251.13) ng/ml vs. (2,378.83+/-429.51) ng/ml, P<0.01], but the levels of FXII:C, FX:C, and FX:Ag were significantly higher in MT group than in control group [(162.42+/-36.57)% vs. (114.78+/-28.96)%, (120.27+/-33.96)% vs. (79.23+/-19.46)%, and (133.66+/-35.51)% vs. (93.0+/-17.73)%, P<0.01]. The levels of FIX:C were (119.86+/-56.38)% in MT group, and (109.21+/-36.46)% in control group (P>0.05). The level of PZ was negatively correlated with the levels of FXII:C; FX:C, and FX:Ag (P<0.01), but had no correlation with the level of FIX:C (P>0.05). The level of PZ was significantly lower in stage III-IV (locally advanced stage-advanced stage) patients than in stage II patients [(998.32+/-117.72) ng/ml vs. (1,326.69+/-245.70) ng/ml, P<0.01], but the levels of FXII:C, FX:C, and FX:Ag were significantly higher in stage III-IV patients than in stage II patients [(206.76+/-28.63)% vs. (136.09+/-26.80)%, (162.53+/-32.92)% vs. (101.89+/-23.44)%, (168.03+/-25.97)% vs. (105.41%+/-13.86)%, P<0.01]. CONCLUSIONS: PZ level is obviously decreased in the patients with malignant tumors, and negatively correlated with FXII:C, FX:C, and FX:Ag. PZ level descends along with the progression of malignant tumors, and maybe a poor prognostic factor of malignant tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Biliary drainage after laparoscopic choledochotomy.

AIM: Transcystic biliary decompression (TCBD) has been proposed as an alternative to T-tube placement after laparoscopic choledochotomy (LCD). This permits safe primary closure of the choledochotomy and eliminates the complications associated with T-tubes. TCBD tube has been secured by Roeder knots and transfixation, and removed later than 3 wk after surgery. We presented a modified TCBD (mTCBD) method after LCD using the ureteral catheter and the Lapro-Clip (David and Geck, Danbury, Connecticut, USA), and compared it with T-tube drainage. METHODS: Between October 2002 and June 2003, patients with choledocholithiasis undergoing LCD with mTCBD (mTCBD Group, n = 30) were retrospectively compared to those undergoing LCD with T-tube drainage (T-tube Group, n = 52) at a single institution. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in operative time and retained stones between the two groups. Patients in mTCBD group had a significantly decreased average output of bile compared with those in T-tube group (306+/-141 vs 409+/-243 mL/24 h, P = 0.000). Removal of drain tubes in mTCBD group was done significantly earlier than that in T-tube group (median, 5 vs 29 d, P = 0.000). No complication related to drain tubes was found in mTCBD group, and morbidity rate with the T-tube was significantly higher (11.5%), and bile leakage following T-tube removal was 5.8%. CONCLUSION: A modified TCBD after LCD is safe, effective and easy to perform. It may reduce postoperative complications, especially bile leakage.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Significance of serum anti-Clq Ab in evaluation of lupus nephritis activity and its curative effects of pharmacotherapy on lupus nephritis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of serum anti-C1q Ab of evaluation of lupus nephritis activity and its curative effects of cyclophophamide therapy on lupus nephritis (LN). METHODS: The level of serum anti-C1q antibody of 75 patients with LN was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of the 75 patients the incipient cases had never received corticosteroid and immunosuppressant and the recurrent cases had stopped the immunosuppressant treatment for more than 3 months and were treated, if so, with prednisone with the dosage </= 10 mg/d. Thirty-one patients underwent renal biopsy. The patients underwent treatment of cyclophophamide. The relationships between serum anti-C1q Ab level and lupus nephritis activity, renal pathohistology, as well as laboratory parameters were analyzed, followed by further regular follow-up to investigate its influence to the curative effect. RESULTS: Fifty-five of the 75 patients (73.3%) were anti-C1q Ab positive with the level of (92 U/ml +/- 41 U/ml). The mean time of conversion of urinary protein into negative was 9 months in the positive C1q positive group and 6 months in the C1q negative group. One year after, 25% of those with positive C1q antibody failed to convert into urinary protein negative, and 90% of those with negative C1q antibody converted into urinary protein negative. One year after, 32% of those whose serum C1q antibody remained positive 1 month after the treatment failed to convert into urinary protein negative, and 91% of those whose serum C1q antibody remained positive 1 month after the treatment converted into urinary protein negative. The serum anti-C1q Ab level was positively correlated with the lupus nephritis clinical active index, proteinuria, and titer of anti-dsDNA, and was negatively correlated with the levels of serum C3 and C4. Renal biopsies showed a positive correlation between the serum anti-C1q Ab level and the activity index of renal pathohistology. Multivariate analysis showed that the serum anti-C1q Ab level after treatment were associated with the curative effect and prognosis of LN. CONCLUSION: Serum anti-C1q Ab is not only a good index of lupus nephritis activity, but also reflects renal involvement and curative effect. That serial measurement of serum anti-C1q Ab may provide better clinical strategies for the therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Quantification of single nucleotide polymorphisms by automated DNA sequencing.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are linked to phenotypes associated with diseases and drug responses. Many techniques are now available to identify and quantify such SNPs in DNA or RNA pools, although the information on the latter is limited. The majority of these methodologies require prior knowledge of target sequences, normally obtained through DNA sequencing. Direct quantitation of SNPs from DNA sequencing raw data will save time and money for large amount sample analysis. A high throughput DNA sequencing assay, in combination with a SNP quantitative algorithm, was developed for the quantitation of a SNP present in HCV RNA sequences. For a side-by-side comparison, a Pyrosequencing assay was also developed. Quantitation performance was evaluated for both methods. The direct DNA sequencing quantitation method was shown to be more linear, accurate, sensitive, and reproducible than the Pyrosequencing method for the quantitation of the SNP present in HCV RNA molecules.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2003

Prospective study of scoring system in selective intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

AIM: To evaluate of scoring system in predicting choledocholithiasis in selective intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). METHODS: The scoring system of predicting choledocholithiasis was developed during the retrospective study in 264 cases, and was tested in 184 to evaluate its predictive value in choledocholithiasis. RESULTS: The scoring system was developed in a retrospective study of 264 cases, the statistical analyses showed the predictive factors included sex, transaminase levels, alkaline phosphatase level, bilirubin level, and common bile duct diameter on ultrasonography. The scoring system was used in 184 cases prospectively, of which, 3 of 162 (1.9 %) cases scoring <3 had choledocholithiasis, 17 of 22 (77.3 %) cases scores >=3 had choledocholithiasis. A case of scores >=3 or more prospectively should be considered highly intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. CONCLUSION: The scoring system can predict choledocholithiasis and is helpful in selection patients for intraoperative cholangiography.

Cholangiography↗

PubMed2002

Hepatitis C virus whole genome position weight matrix and robust primer design.

BACKGROUND: The high degree of sequence heterogeneity found in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) isolates, makes robust nucleic acid-based assays difficult to generate. Polymerase chain reaction based techniques, require efficient and specific sequence recognition. Generation of robust primers capable of recognizing a wide range of isolates is a difficult task. RESULTS: A position weight matrix (PWM) and a consensus sequence were built for each region of HCV and subsequently assembled into a whole genome consensus sequence and PWM. For each of the 10 regions, the number of occurrences of each base at a given position was compiled. These counts were converted to frequencies that were used to calculate log odds scores. Using over 100 complete and 14,000 partial HCV genomes from GenBank, a consensus HCV genome sequence was generated along with a PWM reflecting heterogeneity at each position. The PWM was used to identify the most conserved regions for primer design. CONCLUSIONS: This approach allows rapid identification of conserved regions for robust primer design and is broadly applicable to sets of genomes with all levels of genetic heterogeneity.

Conserved Sequence↗

PubMed2002

Central nervous system inflammation and neurological disease in transgenic mice expressing the CC chemokine CCL21 in oligodendrocytes.

To study the biological role of the chemokine ligands CCL19 and CCL21, we generated transgenic mice expressing either gene in oligodendrocytes of the CNS. While all transgenic mice expressing CCL19 in the CNS developed normally, most (18 of 26) of the CCL21 founder mice developed a neurological disease that was characterized by loss of landing reflex, tremor, and ataxia. These neurological signs were observed as early as postnatal day 9 and were associated with weight loss and death during the first 4 wk of life. Microscopic examination of the brain and spinal cord of CCL21 transgenic mice revealed scattered leukocytic infiltrates that consisted primarily of neutrophils and eosinophils. Additional findings included hypomyelination, spongiform myelinopathy with evidence of myelin breakdown, and reactive gliosis. Thus, ectopic expression of the CC chemokine CCL21, but not CCL19, induced a significant inflammatory response in the CNS. However, neither chemokine was sufficient to recruit lymphocytes into the CNS. These observations are in striking contrast to the reported activities of these molecules in vitro and may indicate specific requirements for their biological activity in vivo.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

[Deletion of P16 gene exon 2 in bronchofibroscopic brush-off cells of human lung carcinoma]

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between deletion of P16 gene exon 2 and lung cancer and to evaluate the possibility of detecting P16 gene exon 2 deletion in brush-off cell instead of resected lung cancer mass. METHODS: P16 gene exon 2 deletion in bronchofibroscopic brush-off cells of lesion side and corresponding normal side was detected through PCR-electrophoresis-Image. Image value of P16 Vs beta-actin <0.6 was considered as P16 gene exon 2 deletion. RESULTS: The rate of P16 gene exon 2 deletion in normal side was 0 (0/19), whereas in lesion side was 35.5%(11/31), there is a significant statistical difference (P<0.01). In SCLC (small -cell lung carcinoma) samples, the rate of P16 gene exon 2 deletion was 0(0/7). whereas in NSCLC (non-small cell lung carcinoma) samples, that was 50%(11/12)(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: P16 gene exon 2 deletion might be related to the oncogenesis and development of lung carcinoma, especially NSCLC. Brush-off cell specimens may replace surgical specimens in Detecting P16 gene exon 2 deletion.

Journal Article↗