Biomedical subjects

Xiao-rong Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Xiao-rong Wang.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Impact of Chinese guidelines for management of patients with acute myocardial infarction on outcomes of hospitalized patients.

BACKGROUND: The first Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were issued by the Cardiovascular Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Editorial Board of the Chinese Journal of Cardiology, and the Editorial Board of the Chinese Circulation Journal in December 2001. However, it is still unclear whether these guidelines have produced a major impact on clinical practice and patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of these guidelines on the management and prognosis of Chinese patients with AMI. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in patients with AMI who were admitted to Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 1994 to December 2004. Patients were divided into two groups: group A included patients admitted from January 1994 to December 2001, and group B comprised those admitted from January 2002 to December 2004. Therapeutic approaches and the occurrence rate of angina pectoris, reinfarction, heart failure and death during hospitalization were compared between two groups. RESULTS: A total of 1783 patients including 1208 cases in group A and 575 cases in group B were enrolled in this study. No significant difference was found in baseline characteristics between group A and group B patients (all P > 0.05). There were more patients undergoing reperfusion therapy within the first 24 hours after symptom onset in group B than in group A (35.8% vs 21.7%, P < 0.001). Administration of beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), statins, and heparins were more commonly seen in group B than in group A (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the use of nitrates or antiplatelet drugs between groups A and B (98.8% vs. 97.9%, P = 0.172, and 97.4% vs 98.6%, P = 0.113, respectively). In-hospital angina pectoris, heart failure and death were all lower in group B than in group A (32.2% vs 41.2%, P < 0.001; 17.2% vs 26.2%, P < 0.001; and 6.4% vs 9.4%, P = 0.038, respectively). There was no significant difference in the rate of reinfarction between group A and B patients (2.2% vs 1.7%, P = 0.492). CONCLUSIONS: Chinese guidelines for the management of patients with AMI issued in December 2001 resulted in changes in therapy that led to a significant improvement of in-hospital outcomes but not in the rate of reinfarction in patients with AMI.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed2006

[Heritability analysis on skeletal angle III malocclusion].

PURPOSE: To explore the significance of genetic factor in the pathogenesis of skeletal angle III malocclusion. METHODS: A case-control study of 96 probands, 200 controls and their relatives was performed and the data were analyzed with genetic epidemiologic methods. SPSS11.5 software package was used for Chi-square test. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of skeletal angle III malocclusion in the first-degree relatives and second-degree relatives in the proband group were 9.00% and 1.88%,respectively,which were higher than that in the first-degree relatives in the control group(0.96%). The heritability in the first-degree relatives was 0.74+/-0.092.The results of segregation analysis didn't suggest that skeletal angle III malocclusion followed a pattern of autosomal recessive inheritance. CONCLUSION: Skeletal angle III malocclusion has characteristics of polygenetic disease. Genetic factor might play an important role in the pathogenesis of skeletal angle III malocclusion.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed2005

Electron paramagnetic resonance investigation of in vivo free radical formation and oxidative stress induced by 2,4-dichlorophenol in the freshwater fish Carassius auratus.

In the present study, electron paramagnetic resonance coupled with spin-trapping technique was used, with alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) as a spin-trapping agent, to investigate free radical generation in freshwater fish with acute 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) poisoning. The PBN-radical adducts were detected in fish liver samples following treatments of 2,4-DCP (0.025, 0.05, 0.5, 5, or 25 mg/kg) 24 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and 2,4-DCP (0.5 mg/kg) at 2, 4, 8, 24, or 72 h after i.p. injection in Carassius auratus. The hyperfine splitting constants for the PBN-radical adducts are aN = 13.7 G, aH = 1.8 G, and g = 2.0058, which is consistent with those of PBN/hydroxyl radical (*OH). The results indicate that the hydroxyl radical is probably produced during acute intoxication of 2,4-DCP. The relative similarity in the kinetics (from 2 to 72 h) of superoxide dismutase activity induction and *OH generation implies that the generation of *OH possibly depends on the superoxide anion (O2*-). Superoxide anion (O2*-) might be the precursor radical undergoing the Haber-Weiss reaction to form *OH. Possible pathways for radical chain reactions in the formation of the hydroxyl radical in vivo after 2,4-DCP administration are proposed. Other parameters with respect to antioxidant defense (e.g., superoxide dismutase and catalase) and oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation level) indicate that the fish were subjected to oxidative stress induced by 2,4-DCP and that the mechanisms of oxidative stress possibly involve the in vivo stimulation of hydroxyl radical formation.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Effects of long-term exposure of low level zinc and zn-EDTA complex on zinc accumulation and antioxidant defense system in liver of Carassius auratus].

The effects of low level zinc(Zn2+)and its EDTA complex on zinc accumulation and antioxidant enzymes,such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver of Carassius auratus are studied after 40 day exposure. The results show that zinc accumulation is significantly increased with higher zinc concentration. When fish are exposed to Zn-EDTA, the zinc accumulation in the liver of fish increased slightly according to the control. SOD, GST, CAT and GPx activity all decrease with adding to Zn2+ and Zn-EDTA in waters. However, the decrease of CAT and GPx activities of fish liver are alleviated with the addition of EDTA. The GST activities increased at lower concentration solutions ( < 0.05mg-L(-1) ), however its activities were inhibited at higher Zn2 + solution ( > 0.05mgL- ). These results suggest that CAT and GPx are more sensitive to low zinc exposure than SOD and GST, and they can be served as biomarkers of low concentration zinc exposure in aquatic ecosystem.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Free radical generation and lipid peroxidation induced by 2,4-dichlorophenol in liver of Carassius auratus].

Free radical generation in liver of larval fish (Carassius auratus) after 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) injected intraperitoneally 24 h was studied with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping technique and alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (PBN) as spin trap reagent. The results show that there is a significant increase of free radical generation in the liver of the fish treated with 2,4-DCP (0.025, 0.05, 0.5, 5, 25 mg/kg) compared with that of the control (p<0.05). The free radical generation correlates well with the dose of 2,4-DCP administered. The regress equation for dose-effect relation is y = 1189ln(x) + 9220, r2 = 0.9856. The six-line composed of three groups with two hyperfine splitting peaks in each shows a typical PBN/*OH EPR spectrum. The hyperfine splitting constants for the PBN-adducts is alphaN = 13.7 Gauss, alphaH= 1.8 Gauss, g factor is 2.0058, which is consistent with the characteristics of PBN-hydroxyl radical adduct reported from the literature. Results also show that there is a significant increase for malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the treated groups compared with that of the control (p<0.05). The mechanisms of free radical generation and lipid peroxidation induced by 2,4-DCP are discussed in this study.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of Chinese guidelines issued in 2001 on in-hospital management and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Chinese guidelines issued on December 2001 on in-hospital management and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in patients hospitalized in our hospital with acute myocardial infarction from January 1994 to December 2004. RESULTS: There were 1783 patients enrolled in our study. Reperfusion therapy was undergone in 21.7% of patients hospitalized between 1994 and 2001, and in 35.8% of patients hospitalized between 2002 and 2004 (P < 0.001). Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers, lipid regulating agents and antithrombins were used more extensively between 2002 and 2004 than before (all P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the usage of nitrates and antiplatelets before and after the guidelines was issued (98.8% vs 97.9%, P = 0.172; 97.4% vs 98.6%, P = 0.113 respectively). After the guidelines issued, the incidence of angina pectoris, heart failure and death in hospital were lower than before (32.2% vs 41.2%, P < 0.001; 17.2% vs 26.2%, P < 0.001; 6.4% vs 9.4%, P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Chinese guidelines issued on December 2001 have great effect on the management and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. After the guidelines was issued the management became more standardized and the incidence of in-hospital complications was lower than before.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

Characteristics of PM2.5 in rural areas of southern Jiangsu Province, China.

To understand pollution level and possible sources of atmospheric fine particulates in rural areas of southern Jiangsu Province of China, samples of PM2.5 were collected and analyzed in Xueyan Town and Taihu Lake Station over three seasons from July 2002 to January 2003. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 and 14 principal component elements were obtained. The results showed that pollution of PM2.5 was serious and the concentration levels of S, Zn, Pb and As were similar to city. There are different seasonal distribution laws of pollutant elements in PM2.5 between two sampling sites, probably due to contribution of local sources, medium or long distance transportation of fine particulates and complicated meteorological conditions. The enrichment levels of S, Zn, Pb, As, K were high, reflecting the influence of anthropogenic activities. Particularly enrichment level of S was much higher in summer, which was probably related to meteorological condition. The result of principal components analysis showed major sources of PM2.5 included crustal resuspension, coal burning, metal processing industry or waste incineration, vehicular emission, which suggests anthropogenic activities is of important influence on PM2.5 in rural areas of southern Jiangsu Province.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2004

[Effects of copper (Cu2+) and Cu-EDTA complex on the induction of HSP70 in the fish brain].

The effects of copper (Cu2+) and Cu-EDTA complex on the induction of HSP70 in the fish brain were studied. After the fish (Carassius auratus) were exposed to the experimental concentrations for forty days, the SDS-PAGE and Western Blotting techniques were used to detect the expression level of HSP70 in the fish brain. The results showed that Cu2+ and Cu-EDTA complex can induce the expression of HSP70 significantly. Comparing with the test groups exposed to Cu2+, the Cu-EDTA complex had changed the bioavailability and decreased the toxicity of the heavy metal. It was found that the fish exposed to the concentration of Cu2+ which below the national fishery water quality standard of 0.01 mg/L , also had a significant increase in the expression level of HSP70. Therefore, HSP70 as an environmental biomarker can be a more sensitive and rapid indicator than conventional end points in the aquatic ecosystem.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[A survey of children with HIV/AIDS in highly epidemic villages of AIDS].

OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence of HIV/AIDS among children and the transmission routes in a highly endemic villages of AIDS. METHODS: Totally 208 high-risk women of child bearing age and 159 of their children aged 0 - 14 years were investigated. Their medical histories of blood donation or transfusion were collected, blood samples were taken and sera were separated for HIV test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot assay were performed for HIV antibody. The Nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay amplifying gag gene p17 was performed on samples of children aged less than 18 months. RESULTS: Thirty-seven HIV infected cases were found among 159 children aged 0 - 14 years of whom 33 were infected by mother-to-child transmission (89.2%, 33/37), 3 by blood transfusion (8.1%, 3/37) and one by iatrogenic route (2.7%, 1/37). Sixty seven mothers who were seropositive for HIV and their 86 children who were born after 1992 were investigated, 33 cases of them were infected with HIV. The rate of vertical transmission was 38.4% (33/86). The HIV vertical transmission rate among mothers with AIDS (68.8%, 22/32) was significantly greater than that among mothers with asymptomatic HIV infection (20.4%, 11/54, P < 0.05). The number of children infected with HIV through vertical transmission increased from 1993 to 2001. Among 37 children infected with HIV, 12 cases developed AIDS and 4 of them died, of whom 2 cases died from tuberculosis. The morbidity of AIDS was 27.3% (9/33). Ninety three point nine percent (31/33) of infected mothers didn't know their HIV seropositive status before pregnancy and delivery. Of 8 pregnant women infected with HIV, one had aggravation of AIDS, 2 miscarried, 2 terminated their pregnancy and 3 continued their pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV was the major route of HIV/AIDS transmission to the children. The main reason leading to HIV infection in children was the lack of prenatal HIV counseling and testing for the high-risk women of childbearing age and lake of interventions. The countermeasures must be taken to control the further transmission of AIDS in order to protect the health of women and children in the highly endemic areas of AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A new silymarin preparation based on solid dispersion technique.

Silymarin is a hepatoprotective agent that is poorly soluble in water. The present study describes a new preparation of solid dispersions in the form of "dripping pills" designed to enhance solubility. Dripping pills of silymarin were prepared at a 1:4 ratio by the traditional fusion method with the use of a mixture of silymarin and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000). The prepared dripping pills were spherical and 3 to 4 mm in diameter, with an average weight of 30 mg per pill and with each pill containing 5 mg of silymarin. The dissolution rates of silymarin in dripping pill and of 3 other silymarin preparations, including Yiganling Film-Coating Tablet, Yiganling Sugar-Coating Tablet, and Legalon Capsule, were determined in pH 1.2 medium. The dissolution rate (T50) of the silymarin dripping pill was found to be significantly higher (by a factor of 7.5-11) than those of the other 3 preparations.

Polyethylene Glycols↗