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Xin-Sheng Ju

Publications and source records attributed to Xin-Sheng Ju.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Immunoglobulin-like transcripts ILT2, ILT3 and ILT7 are expressed by human dendritic cells and down-regulated following activation.

Immunoglobulin-like transcripts (ILT) represent novel immunoglobulin superfamily receptors that are expressed in myeloid, lymphoid and dendritic cells (DC). Here, we studied by gene expression profiling with DNA microarrays ILT expression in different DC subsets, including plasmacytoid DC (PDC), monocyte-derived DC (Mo-DC) and DC obtained by in vitro differentiation from CD34(+) progenitor cells, and DC activated in the presence of different activating agents. ILT2 and ILT3 were expressed in PDC, Mo-DC and DC obtained from CD34(+) cells. ILT7 mRNA was present in PDC, but absent in Mo-DC and DC obtained from CD34(+) cells, indicating that ILT7 mRNA expression seems to be a marker for PDC. CpG-DNA and inflammatory stimuli, such as TNF alpha, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), and different combinations thereof are frequently employed for DC activation. Here, we demonstrate that ILT2 and ILT3 expression is down-regulated following DC activation by CpG-DNA and inflammatory stimuli at both mRNA and protein levels. Thus, activation of human DC with such stimuli involves down-regulation of inhibitory ILT2 and ILT3 receptors, and this could represent a novel mechanism contributing to DC activation.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed2004

Gene expression profiling of dendritic cells by DNA microarrays.

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells that play a pivotal role in initiating primary immune responses and have been implicated in determining the balance between immunity and tolerance. DC originate from hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and different DC subsets have been identified according to their phenotype, function, activation state and location. Gene expression analysis of DC by DNA microarrays represents a systemic approach to the underlying complexity of DC biology and is expected to provide important clues to the application of DC in the clinic. Here we review the recent findings from the use of DNA microarrays in DC biology and discuss the challenges emerging from these studies.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Transcriptional profiling identifies Id2 function in dendritic cell development.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells with a pivotal role in antigen-specific immune responses. Here, we found that the helix-loop-helix transcription factor Id2 is up-regulated during DC development in vitro and crucial for the development of distinct DC subsets in vivo. Id2-/- mice lack Langerhans cells (LCs), the cutaneous contingent of DCs, and the splenic CD8alpha+ DC subset is markedly reduced. Mice deficient for transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta also lack LCs, and we demonstrate here that, in DCs, TGF-beta induces Id2 expression. We also show that Id2 represses B cell genes in DCs. These findings reveal a TGF-beta-Id2 signaling pathway in DCs and suggest a mechanism by which Id2 affects the lineage choice of B cell and DC progenitors.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2003

Towards determining the differentiation program of antigen-presenting dendritic cells by transcriptional profiling.

Dendritic cells (DC) represent professional antigen-presenting cells that develop from hematopoietic progenitors through successive steps of differentiation. Employing DNA microarray technology, we analysed the specific changes in gene expression that occur when human progenitor cells differentiate into DC. CD34 progenitor cells were first amplified in vitro with stem cell factor (SCF), Flt3 ligand (FL), thrombopoietin and IL-6/soluble IL-6 receptor fusion protein, and cells were then induced to differentiate into DC with IL-4 and GM-CSF. DC maturation was induced by TNFalpha. Progenitor cells and DC were subjected to transcriptional profiling by DNA microarrays that represent 13000 human genes. Our analysis revealed specific changes in the expression of a large number of cell surface antigens including molecules involved in antigen uptake and processing, cell migration and antigen presentation. Genes encoding such molecules were upregulated during DC differentiation as were genes encoding cytokines, cytokine receptors, chemokines and chemokine receptors. Stem cell genes and genes related to the multilineage differentiation potential and proliferative state of progenitor cells were downregulated. Our analysis also provides information on the expression profiles of transcriptional regulators such as the NF-kappaB/rel and STAT transcription factors. Interestingly, NF-kappaB/rel factors were found to be expressed in both progenitor cells and DC at similar levels and were induced by TNFalpha. In contrast, expression of STAT factors increased during DC differentiation and their expression was virtually unaffected by TNFalpha.

Antigens, CD↗