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Biomedical subjects

Y A Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Y A Wang.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

HLA-E and NKG2A Mediate Resistance to BCG Immunotherapy in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the first-line therapy for high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), yet many patients experience recurrence due to immune evasion. We identify HLA-E and NKG2A as mediators of adaptive resistance involving chronic activation of NK and T cells in BCG-unresponsive tumors. Prolonged IFN-γ exposure enhances HLA-E and PD-L1 expression on recurrent tumors, accompanied by the accumulation of NKG2A+ NK and CD8 T cells. HLA-Ehigh tumor cells preferentially cluster near CXCL12-rich stromal regions with dense effector cell presence, underscoring a spatially segregated tumor architecture. Although cytotoxic lymphocytes retain effector potential, their activity is restrained by HLA-E/NKG2A and PD-L1/PD-1 pathways located in their immediate neighborhood within the bladder tumor microenvironment. These data reveal a spatially organized immune escape program that limits anti-tumor immunity. Our findings support dually targeting NKG2A and PD-L1 checkpoint blockade as a rational, bladder-sparing strategy for patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

BCG-unresponsive↗
PubMed1990

[Tentative study of geographical epidemiology of schistosomiasis japonica in Yunnan province].

Schistosomiasis prevails in 17 counties and cities in Yunnan Province. Approximately, a population of 301,511 were affected and the snail-ridden area amounted to 219,000,000m2 in the past years. These endemic areas were not evenly distributed, but rather scattered. The endemic foci were vertically distributed at an altitude of 1,350-2,450 metres above sea level. Human cases were found mostly in areas with an elevation of greater than or equal to 1,800 metres, and became progressively fewer with the ascent. However, in areas with an-elevation of less than or equal to 1800 metres, the infection rate in the inhabitants decreased with the descent. In areas with an average temperature of 11.8-19.5 degrees C and the annual rainfall up to 574-970mm, transmission of the schistosomiasis was always present, suggesting an annual mean temperature around 15.7 degrees C and rainfall 800-900mm were favourable factors for schistosomiasis transmission. The cultivated areas with paddy soils were most suitable for the breeding of Oncomelania snails, where schistosmiasis was severely prevalent. Only a few Oncomelania snails and patients were observed in areas covered with red loam. No patient or snail was found in areas with brown loam or mountain meadow soil.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Expression and secretion of preS containing hepatitis B surface antigen in vaccinia virus system.

The expression and secretion of preS containing hepatitis B surface antigen in vaccinia virus system was investigated. The human TK- 143 cells were infected with the recombinant vaccinia viruses vTMS-1 or vTLS-1. Cells infected with vTMS-1, which contains the preS2 + S gene, produced preS2 containing middle HBsAg proteins. Similarly, cells produced preS1 containing large HBsAg proteins upon infection with vTLS-1, which carries the preS1 + preS2 + S gene. The expression products could be secreted and form 22 nm particles. They reacted specifically with anti-preS1 and/or anti-preS2 monoclonal antibodies, and exhibited pHSA-receptor (for polymerized human serum albumin) activity. In addition, the major S components of hepatitis B surface antigen were also present in the products expressed by vTMS-1 and vTLS-1.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1987

Isolated colonic tuberculosis.

Two cases of isolated colonic tuberculosis are reported, and recent literature on this field is reviewed. Isolated colonic tuberculosis is defined as a tuberculosis which exists in the colon except for ileocaecum, without focus in any other organ. The morphological changes are tuberculous granulation primarily located to the submucosa layer of the colon with smooth surfaces of both mucous and serous membrane. Its clinical features are atypical, just like those on X-ray examination, and even on frozen biopsy, it may sometimes be misdiagnosed. The treatment of choice is resecting the diseased segment of colon combined with anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Adult↗