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Biomedical subjects

Y Aida

Publications and source records attributed to Y Aida.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Studies on the antigenicity of glucagon.

In order to test the safety of glucagon (GG), the immunogenicity of GG was studied in rabbits and guinea pigs. Any sensitization, as revealed by anaphylactic shock, Arthus reaction, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) or radioimmunoassay, was not demonstrated in animals immunized with GG alone. The anti-GG antibodies were detected by PCA and radioimmunoassay in two of the five animals immunized with GG mixed with Freund's complete adjuvant. Anti-GG IgE antibody production in mice was found in one of the ten mice given 570 micrograms and three of the six mice given 1,000 micrograms of GG with aluminum hydroxide gel (Alum), but other doses of GG with Alum produced no IgE antibody. These results indicate that the antigenicity of GG is very weak.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1983

[Pharmacological action of bromazepam suppository].

Differences between the pharmacological effects of bromazepam given by oral and rectal administration were investigated in mice and rats. 1) Bromazepam dose-dependently prolonged the sleeping time induced by thiopental-Na, ethanol and ether by both administration routes. 2) The analgesic action of bromazepam was recognized by the hot-plate method and the algolytic test. In the hot-plate test, analgesic actions of morphine and pentazocine were potentiated by bromazepam in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg by both routes. 3) The muscle relaxant effect of bromazepam administered rectally was more potent than that administered orally in the inclined screen test and the rotarod test. This effect of bromazepam by rectal administration was approximately 2 times as potent as that by oral administration. 4) Bromazepam inhibited the convulsion induced by maximum electric shock, pentylenetetrazol and picrotoxin. In pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsion, the inhibitory effect of bromazepam administered rectally was 2 times as potent as that administered orally. In the other convulsion test, no significant differences between oral and rectal administration could be recognized. 5) Hyperemotionality and muricide (mouse-killing behaviour) of rats with bilateral olfactory bulb ablations (OB rat) were reduced by oral and rectal administrations of bromazepam in a dose-dependent manner. The effects by rectal administration were more potent than that by oral administration. Bromazepam was approximately 20 times as potent as diazepam administered by the same route. Fighting behaviour in mice subjected to footshock was suppressed by rectal administration of bromazepam, and this effect was as same as that by oral administration. 6) The rate of lever pressing response in the lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation test in the Skinner box was markedly increased by rectal administration of 0.2 mg/kg bromazepam. 7) Methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity of mice was significantly suppressed only by bromazepam administered rectally in a dose of 5 mg/kg. 8) The falling effect of bromazepam on body temperature in normal rats was the same in both administration routes and was dose-dependent. From these data, significant differences of the pharmacological effects between oral and rectal administration of bromazepam were recognized in the duration of action and, in part, potencies; and therefore, rectal administration of bromazepam may be a useful dosage form for clinical use.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Contiguous malignant astrocytoma and Wilms'-like tumor in the brain.

A case of primary brain tumor composed of two contiguous neoplasms in presented. At operation, a nodular tumor was embedded in the infiltrating tumor within the brain parenchyma. With light and electron microscopy, the nodular tumor was similar to Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma). The infiltrating tumor was malignant astrocytoma. Autopsy revealed, besides the recurrence of malignant astrocytoma in the brain and its subarachnoid dissemination, extracranial metastases to the abdominal cavity, liver, lung, and bone marrow. Recurrent and metastatic tumors were glioblastoma multiforme, which was more malignant than the surgical specimen. The possibility of metastatic Wilms' tumor from the kidney was completely ruled out by extensive autopsy survey. The authors present an extremely rare tumor including detailed observations on the electron microscopic appearance of the tumor; the histogenesis of these tumors is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Liver pathology of idiopathic portal hypertension. Comparison with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis of India. The Japan idiopathic portal hypertension study.

Morphological changes of the liver were studied in 24 autopsy cases of noncirrhotic portal hypertension of unknown etiology (idiopathic portal hypertension, IPH), and in 123 surgical biopsies from such patients. For comparison, 15 whole-cut liver slices from autopsy cases of noncirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF) from India were also studied. Liver pathology was very similar in IPH and NCPF, characterized by phlebosclerotic changes and perivascular fibrosis of the portal vein system, and parenchymal atrophy perhaps secondary to portal circulatory insufficiency. The distribution of lesions was uneven, and despite marked fibrosis and occasional surface nodularity, there was no diffuse pseudonodule formation in the parenchyma. Surgical specimens showed similar changes except for more frequent portal cellular infiltrates, but the changes seen in one biopsy specimen were limited and not always diagnostic. It seems that IPH of Japan and NCPF of India are the same disease, and perhaps hepatoportal sclerosis elsewhere is also the same disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Adhesion of polysulfide rubber impression material to dental metals (author's transl)].

In order to investigate the adhesiveness of polysulfide rubber impression material to dental metals, we performed the tension test on the sample specimens which had been prepared by injecting the impression material into the gap between opposite metal surfaces finished brightly, thereafter observed the fractured surfaces. Pure metals decreased their adhesive strength to the impression material in order of Au, Pd greater than Ag greater than Cu. Some noble metal alloys containing gold and palladium in a large amount showed the good adhesiveness. In clinical using of 14 carat gold and gold-palladium-silver alloys for core metal, it should be noticed that polysulfide rubber adheres tightly to these alloys. Adhesive strength of copper was not so great comparing with noble metals, therefore the surface of copper tray should be roughned by emery paper above #500, aiming the mechanical bonding forth to increase. The surface of many metals which had left in regulated atmosphere for many hours showed the tendency to decrease their adhesiveness to the impression material. This tendency was not recognized on the metals which had appeared the failure of adhesion bond on the bright finished surfaces.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1981

Anatomical basis of hepatic venographic alterations in idiopathic portal hypertension.

Hepatic venograms made in 40 authentic cases of idiopathic portal hypertension (Banti's syndrome) were compared with 13 normal venograms and venograms obtained in 88 cases of cirrhosis, and analyzed in the light of the pathological changes seen in 16 postmortem liver specimens. There were frequent anastomoses between hepatic vein radicles, approximation of middle-size branches to the liver surface, reduction in the angles between the main hepatic vein and its tributaries, and difficulty in opacifying portal vein branches in wedged retrograde portography. These angiographic alterations were corroborated by gross pathological findings which comprised displacement of middle-size hepatic vein branches closer to the liver surface and their approximation among themselves, and seem to be accounted for by the disappearance of liver parenchyma secondary to the peripheral portal circulatory failure.

Hepatic Veins↗