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Biomedical subjects

Y Akashi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Akashi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Hepatic parenchymal changes after the intraarterial injection of lipiodol in tumor-bearing rabbits.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The influence of lipiodol injection on hepatic morphology and function was investigated in 119 rabbits with hepatic VX2 tumors. METHODS: The rabbits were divided into the following three groups, according to the materials injected via the proper hepatic artery: group 1 received doxorubicin (Adriamycin [ADM]); group 2 received lipiodol (LPD); and group 3 received LPD plus ADM. Groups 2 and 3 were each divided into three subgroups, according to the dose of LPD injected (0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mL). Non-tumorous regions in the tumor-bearing lobe and the tumor-free lobe were examined histologically; low-kilovolt x-ray studies and computed tomography (CT) also were performed in 84 rabbits. Liver function tests were performed in 35 rabbits. RESULTS: Elevation of the serum aminotransferase levels was observed after the administration of LPD. Hepatocellular degeneration was marked in the tumor-free lobe, but was much more severe in the tumor-bearing lobe in groups 2 and 3. The degree of degeneration depended on the dose of LPD. Both low-kilovolt x-ray studies and CT showed the heavy accumulation of LPD in the tumor-bearing lobe. CONCLUSIONS: The current study shows that the histologic and functional adverse effects of oily chemoembolization depend on the dose of LPD administered to the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Stimulus time dependence of cerebral blood flow response to photic stimulation].

The time dependency of rCBF response to photic stimulation in the primary visual cortices was studied using H215O bolus-injection and PET. The subjects consisted of 5 normal volunteers aged from 25 to 40 years old. Their regional CBF was measured at 2 min and 7 min after the start of photic stimulation (frequency, 10 Hz). The percentage increases of rCBF were 19.6 +/- 7.9% (mean +/- SD, range: 8.9-27.6%) in the primary visual cortex on the left side and 23.2 +/- 13.6% (2.5-35.8%) on the right side at 2 min, respectively, while, in comparison, they were 25.3 +/- 20.0% (1.8-49.7%) on the left side and 25.3 +/- 16.4% (3.5-44.5%) on the right side at 7 min, respectively. No significant difference was found in the rCBF responses between at 2 min and 7 min. Therefore, the taming effect does not need to be considered when carrying out a photic stimulation study.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

ANCA associated vasculitis allergica cutis (VAC) and mild proliferative necrotizing glomerulonephritis.

We report here the case of a 69-year-old male with vasculitis allergica cutis (VAC) accompanied by a nephrotic syndrome associated with serum perinuclear-staining anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA). Renal biopsy specimens showed mild proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescentic and necrotizing lesion in the glomeruli, while lesional skin biopsy specimens showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis in the deep dermis. Pauci-immune deposits were evident (deposits of immunoglobulins and complements were absent) by immunofluorescence microscopy in both tissues. The appearance of weakly positive P-ANCA associated with skin lesions and renal dysfunction occurred twice in this patient. Following corticosteroid administration, renal dysfunction was remarkably diminished and proteinuria decreased. P-ANCA titer were decreased, reaching the normal level. ANCA associated glomerulonephritis complicated by VAC has not been reported previously. In the present case, the vasculitis cutis and glomerulonephritis is assumed to be associated with the appearance of weakly positive P-ANCA.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Cor triatriatum sinistrum--value of pulmonary vein flow in hemodynamic assessment].

We report on two patients (a 52-year-old female and a 32-year-old male) with cor triatriatum sinistrum, both clinically inconspicuous. The former had undergone strenuous athletic training without difficulty for eight years of her youth. In both cases, cor triatriatum sinistrum was found by chance during transthoracic echocardiography undertaken for hypertension. The exact insertion-site of the left atrial membrane only became apparent by using biplane transoesophageal echocardiography. Neither of the patients showed associated cardiac malformation. Hemodynamics were evaluated by pulsed waved Doppler analysis of pulmonary venous flow profile; no signs of inflow obliteration into the left atrium were found in either case.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Difference in the distribution of 123I-IMP and 99mTc-HMPAO in the striatum--comparison with 15O-PET].

Brain perfusion SPECT studies of 123I-IMP and 99mTc-HMPAO were performed in 10 patients with various brain disorders and the difference in the distribution of 123I-IMP and 99mTc-HMPAO in the cortices and striatum was compared with the cerebral blood flow by 15O-PET method. The ratios of the radioactivity in 14 ROIs of the cortices, striatum and cerebellum to that of the reference region or the right frontal cortex were compared among the 3 studies. The coefficient variance between 123I-IMP and PET was 0.71 and that between 99mTc-HMPAO and PET was 0.74 in the regions excluding the striatum. The striatal activity ratio in 123I-IMP was slightly less than those in 99mTc-HMPAO and PET which were close to each other. The visual activity in the striatum in 123I-IMP was also slightly less than those in 99mTc-HMPAO and PET. All the striatal lesions of decreased perfusion diagnosed by PET were observed in 123I-IMP, however 2 lesions were missed in 99mTc-HMPAO. This seems to be relevant to the difference in the distribution of 123I-IMP and 99mTc-HMPAO.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Acute subendocardial infarction with diffuse intense Tc-99m PYP uptake and minimal Tl-201 abnormality.

Tc-99m PYP scintigraphy performed on a patient with severe anterior chest pain showed diffuse intense uptake with central decreased activity corresponding to the left ventricular cavity. Tl-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy at rest revealed a minimal perfusion abnormality with decreased apical uptake in the lateral view. Because of these findings, diffuse subendocardial infarction was suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[A case of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae accompanying high adenosine deaminase activity in pleural effusion].

We experienced a 5-year-old male case of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia accompanying Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) activity in pleural effusion. Chest roentgenograms revealed the infiltration in the left upper lung field and the left pleural effusion. In serum, the M. pneumoniae CF titer increased to 1:512. The pleural effusion was yellowish in color, with a specific gravity of 1.030, protein 3.7 g/dl, glucose 101 g/dl, and ADA 50 IU/l. Pleural effusion accompanying M. pneumoniae pneumonia is rare, and the high ADA activity in this case has been reported only in one other case. This is a report of a high activity of ADA in the pleural fluid by M. pneumoniae pneumonia.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1992

Nephrotoxicity of germanium compounds: report of a case and review of the literature.

A 55-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital, complaining of general malaise, muscular weakness, anorexia and weight loss. She had a history of ingesting of a certain germanium (Ge) compound over the preceding 19 months, with a total dose of 47 g as Ge element. She was found to have renal failure (blood urea nitrogen, 44 mg/dl; serum creatinine, 2.6 mg/dl) without abnormal findings in urinalysis, and muscular and nervous damage. Initially, polymyositis was diagnosed and prednisolone administered. However, no improvement was seen, and neuromuscular symptoms and signs steadily worsened, ending in death. Microscopic study of the kidney showed that lipofuscin granules increased in the cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop to the distal convoluted tubule accompanying mild tubular atrophy and that some of the tubules of these segments had vacuolar degeneration or desquamation. No apparent glomerular and vascular changes were observed. High Ge content was found in serum, urine and various tissues, e.g., spleen, liver, kidney, adrenal gland and myocardium, while in controls Ge could not be detected in sera, urine or tissues. We also review case reports about Ge toxicity, and discuss the pathogenesis of renal failure induced by Ge compounds.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1992

[A case of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma with frostbite in extremities].

We describe a patient who presented frostbite in extremities in addition to characteristic symptoms, such as severe hypertension, sweating attacks, palpitations and headache. The patient was eventually diagnosed as having single extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma. The frostbite in extremities rapidly resolved after the removal of the tumor as well as other characteristic clinical symptoms. It is speculated that this frostbite might have been induced by severe continuous constriction of peripheral artery and loss of heat by frequent sweating attacks. Regarding cutaneous symptoms in this disease, pallor, acrocyanosis and cold extremities are commonly found. However, it seems that typical frostbite associated with pheochromocytoma has not been reported so far.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Hepatic parenchymal changes after intraarterial administration of lipiodol: an animal experiment].

The effect of Lipiodol (LPD) on the hepatic parenchyma bearing VX2 tumor was investigated in 12 rabbits. In these rabbits Adriamycin (ADM) soluble Urografin and LPD were injected through the hepatic artery. As the control another 12 rabbits bearing VX2 tumor which were intraarterially injected with ADM solution in saline were used. Liver function tests revealed significantly higher values of serum transaminases in the LPD group than in the control group. Histologically in the LPD group, hepatocellular degeneration was observed and the severity was at its peak 3 days after injection whereas control animals preserved almost normal structure. The degeneration of the tumor-bearing lobe was more severe than that of the tumor-free lobe. This study showed the histologically and functionally demonstrable adverse effects of LPD.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Prognosis of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: an evaluation based on multivariate analysis of 90 cases.

A multivariate analysis of data from 90 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma was performed using Cox's regression model to identify factors possibly affecting their prognoses. Thirty-one patients underwent arterial anticancer chemotherapy, and the remaining 59 patients received transcatheter arterial embolization with anticancer agents. Four of 27 variables tested for all the patients (i.e., encapsulation [p less than 0.05], gross appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma [p less than 0.01], clinical stage [p less than 0.01] and therapy [p less than 0.01]) were found to be prognostically significant. Five of 27 variables tested were prognostically significant for the transcatheter arterial embolization group; they were an extension rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (p less than 0.01), encapsulation (p less than 0.01), alpha-fetoprotein (p less than 0.01), prothrombin time (p less than 0.01) and serum sodium (p less than 0.01). Regression equations were used to describe a prognostic index. A prognostic index was defined as the regression equation derived from the results of a total of 90 patients; PI-1 = eY, where PI-1 = prognostic index 1 Y = 1.549 (gross appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma - 1.344) + 0.778 (encapsulation - 1.622) + 0.818 (clinical stage - 1.800) + 1.760 (therapy - 1.344) and prognostic index 2, the regression equation derived from the results of the transcatheter arterial embolization group of patients; PI-2 = eY, where PI-2 = prognostic index 2 Y = 1.210 (extension rate of hepatocellular carcinoma - 1.576) + 1.179 (encapsulation - 1.475) + 0.0001277 (alpha-fetoprotein - 1420.792) -0.039 (prothrombin time - 72.237) - 0.214 (serum sodium - 138.427).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of abnormal lipid metabolism to glomerular injury].

To clarify the effect of abnormal lipid metabolism and lipid deposition in glomerular injuries, we conducted clinical and pathological examination of various glomerulonephritis. There was no relationship between serum TC, TG or apo B and renal deposition of apo B or TG in glomerulonephritis. Apo B staining was intense for MCNS but was very weak for FGS. The staining was more intense in higher grade of glomerular injury in IgAN. Apo B demonstrated a specific pattern for MN, MPGN and lupus nephritis. These data suggest that apo B deposition reflects disturbance of glomerular permselectivity of macromolecules including abnormal influx, transport and endocytosis of macromolecules.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1991

[An autopsy case of allergic granulomatous angiitis--serial angiographical study and severe rheumatoid factor (RF) production in his clinical course].

We here present a case of allergic granulomatous angiitis (AGA) in a patient who died of perforation in the gallbladder and small intestine in spite of vigorous corticosteroid therapy. During his clinical course, we made close observations of the progress of this disease using visceral angiography; at first, multiple small aneurysms were detected in the proper hepatic and cystic arteries. Additionally, marginal irregularity was detected in a superior mesenteric arteriography. Secondly, after corticosteroid therapy these multiple small aneurysms were decreased remarkably in number but severe narrowing and marginal irregularity worsened. Furthermore, incessant production of rheumatoid factor (RF) was demonstrated; the serum level of RF was only slightly elevated upon admission, but gradually increased thereafter. It attained its maximal level at the time of death. Postmortem examination revealed healed necrotizing vasculitides with marked narrowing of the arterial lumina. It is speculated that a severe RF production might have been relevant to the progress of AGA in this case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical evaluation of distant metastases from a hepatocellular carcinoma with reference to location, frequency, symptoms, treatment & prognosis].

A clinical analysis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with a distant metastases has been undertaken by the authors. Studied were eight patients (Group A) whose distant metastases were detected at the time of their initial examination, and 24 patients (Group B) whose distant metastases had been diagnosed during the course of treatment of their primary lesions. Complications arising from liver cirrhosis in Group A was less than in Group B. The location of the metastases were the bone in 16, the lung and the adrenal gland in four, the brain and the skin in two and the kidney in one. The mean survival times were 4.6 months (Group A), and 6.3 months (Group B). The cause of death was chiefly a progression of the primary lesion, except for one brain metastases. This analysis had shown that treatment of a bone metastasis is necessary for the relief of pain, and that care should be taken for the prevention of a fracture or paralysis, and that control of the primary lesion is necessary for improving the chances of survival.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Monoclonal antibody analysis of glomerular, tubulo-interstitial infiltrating immune cells in various glomerulonephritis].

To investigate the role of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in glomerulonephritis (GN), we identified the infiltrating immune cells both within the glomerulus and in the interstitium. Frozen sections from 103 patients with various forms of GN: 10 with minor glomerular abnormality (MGA) as control, 10 with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 10 with membranous nephropathy (MN), 9 with focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS), 30 with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), 22 with acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), and 2 with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) were examined using monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) by indirect immunoalkaline-phosphatase labelling. In most glomerulonephritis, monocyte/M phi and helper/inducer T cells were predominantly infiltrating in the interstitium, but intraglomerular infiltration was rare, except for APSGN. This interstitial infiltration increased proportionally to the level of serum creatinine, and was most prominent in RPGN. Apparently different distribution was seen in APSGN, that is, prominent increase in total number of intra-glomerular monocyte/M phi infiltration with slightly increased T cells. The change was correlated with time after onset; namely the more leucocytic infiltration was observed when the tissue was taken earlier. These data suggest that in APSGN, monocyte/M phi accumulate in glomeruli via cell mediated immunity in addition to humoral immune mechanism resulting in glomerular hypercellularity, whereas in most chronic glomerulonephritis interstitial leucocyte infiltration, particularly helper T cells and monocyte/M phi may play an important role in the progression of glomerulonephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Fascicular parasystole associated with tachycardia-dependent right bundle branch block.

A 43-year-old female with a chief complaint of palpitation was subjected to clinical electrophysiological studies. Initial standard 12-lead ECG revealed that her palpitation was caused by fascicular parasystole firing at the basic cycle length of 1.25-1.40 seconds, and that both sinus and parasystolic beats were associated with left anterior fascicular block and tachycardia-dependent RBBB. His-bundle electrocardiogram suggested that the parasystolic focus was located in the proximal portion of the anterior fascicle of the left bundle branch and that the site of tachycardia-dependent conduction block was located in the main right bundle branch. These findings suggest that diffuse pathological changes in the intraventricular conducting system were responsible for both the conduction block and automatic impulse formation in the present case.

Adult↗