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Biomedical subjects

Y Attia

Publications and source records attributed to Y Attia.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Geographical distribution and pathogenesis of chronic calcifying pancreatitis in tropical zones. Results of a multicenter survey in French-speaking Black Africa].

Chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) is rare in countries with low alcohol consumption except in some tropical countries where malnutrition is widespread (southwest India) and in which CCP occurs in young non-alcoholics. In Black Africa sporadic cases of CCP have been reported in English-speaking countries (Uganda, Nigeria). The purpose of this study was to: a) assess the geographical distribution of CCP in French-speaking Africa; b) estimate the relative proportion of alcoholic CCP (ACCP) and juvenile tropical pancreatitis (JCCP). A total of 92 cases were included in this study, conducted in 16 French-speaking African countries (including Madagascar). There were no cases in countries with partly desert to climates and Moslem populations. Of these 92 cases, 86 corresponded to ACCP due to over consumption of various types of alcoholic beverages depending on the region. All were males with a mean age at diagnosis of 40.7 yrs. The remaining 6 cases were JCCP which were observed in areas of malnutrition with low intakes of animal protein and lipids. In this group the male/female ratio was 1/1 and the mean age at discovery was 15 yrs. Manioc toxicity did not appear to play any role. The "mixed" form, i.e. associating current alcohol consumption with childhood malnutrition, which has been described in young moderate drinkers in Burundi, was a possibility in 4 of the 86 cases of ACCP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Exocrine pancreatic function of children from the Ivory Coast compared to French children. Effect of kwashiorkor.

One hundred nineteen children, either French or from the Ivory Coast, aged 1-8 years, were submitted to pancreatic function testing by duodenal aspiration. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, phospholipase, amylase, volume, bicarbonate, chloride, and calcium were estimated before and after an intravenous injection of 1 CU secretin + 3 CHR units pancreozymin per kilogram of body weight. Sixty-two patients were normal European children, and 11 were normal African children. Twenty-five African children presented with kwashiorkor and 10 African children had presented with kwashiorkor but had recovered at the time of the test. Three cases of recurrent kwashiorkor are also included. In the normal group of African children, phospholipase concentration, volume, and bicarbonate were significantly decreased but chymotrypsin and trypsin concentrations were not, when compared to the normal European population. In kwashiorkor patients, lipase, amylase, phospholipase, and chymotrypsin concentration were significantly decreased compared to normal Africans. Trypsin, volume, and bicarbonate were not affected. These modifications disappeared after refeeding. In cases of recurrent kwashiorkor, all enzymes, including trypsin, were decreased. Calcium was never modified. These modifications were very different from those observed in chronic alcoholic and hypercalcemic pancreatitis. In a two-year study, chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) was diagnosed in 14 patients (13 males), hospitalized in Abidjan. The mean age at onset of the disease was 41 years (SD 12.71), which is very similar to European cases. The most frequent cause was alcoholism, as in Occidental countries. The nutrition of the population was low in protein, calories being provided mostly by manioc, but no apparent symptoms of malnutrition were observed in the parents of our patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Cardiac findings in bilharziasis without pulmonary arterial hypertension].

1. A systematic search was made for cardiac abnormalities (clinical, radiological and ECG) and haemodynamic disorders (catheterisation of the right side of the heart and pulmonary artery) in 37 cases of confirmed biharziasis. It was generally found that:--14 patients (37.8%) had no symptoms;--8 patients (21.6%) had pulmonary hypertension (PH) with the corresponding cardiac signs (these will be reported separately);--15 patients (40.5%) had cardiac signs with no PH; these are studied in this paper. 2. Iatrogenic myocarditis was noted on the ECG. It was found in 3 of the 37 cases (8.1%). This points to the importance of careful monitoring of treatment. There was also ECG evidence of anaemyic myocardial changes in 5 cases of the 37 (13.5%). In 3 of these 5 cases this was found to be due to bleeding. Hypertensive myocardial disease was found in 1 case (2.7%), a patient with renal disease. Myocardial signs were also found in 3 cases because of coexistant disease. 3. Three cases (8.1%) remain in whom there were ECG changes, but without PH and without any other definable cause. These could have been due to bilharzia myocarditis; the authors review the experimental and clinical evidence for such a possibility. The real incidence of this condition remains to be determined. 4. Although there was no such case in this series, the authors suggest that bilharziasis might cause endomyocardial fibrosis (EMCF). 5. The authors put forward the hypothesis that the pulmonary arteritis is a tissue immunological reaction, and also that the myocarditis (and possibly the EMCF) is a manifestation of circulating antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Systematic cardiologic study in 37 schistosomiasis patients].

1) A systematic search was made for cardiac abnormalities (clinical, radiological and EKG) and for haemodynamic disorders (catheterisation of the right side of the heart and pulmonary artery). It was generally found that: -- 14 patients (37.8%) had no symptoms; -- 8 patients (21.6%) had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAHT) with the corresponding cardiac signs; -- 15 patients (40.5%) had cardiac signs with no evidence of PAHT. 2) The 8 patients with PAHT (21.6%) had precapillary type of PAHT with an arteriocapillary gradient. The symptoms were those of PAHT and of the right ventricular failure; but this desorder could be latent. PAHT can be in relation with inflammatory lesions. In these 8 patients, S. Mansoni was to blame in 6 cases and 5 S. Hematobium in 2. 3) In 9 patients (24.3%), cardiac signs were connected indirectly with bilharziasis by anemia, iatrogenic injury or hypertensive myocardial disease of renal origin. 4) In 3 patients (8.1%), cardiac signs were found because of coexistant disease. 5) In 3 patients (8.1%), cardiac signs could have been due to bilharzia myocarditis. The authors reviewed the experimental and clinical discussions for such a possibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic calcifying pancreatitis in hospitals in the Ivory Coast].

The authors report on 34 cases of chronic calcifying pancreatitis in Ivory Coast. Chronic calcifying pancreatitis is rare (0.24 P.C. of admitted patients) and appears mainly in man 40 years old, revealed by diabetes (73.5 P.C.). Principal aetiology was alcoholism, 50 P.C. Genuine tropical chronic calcifying pancreatitis exists in small number. It seems its physiopathological mechanism is not only nutritional.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Heart and schistosomiasis (author's transl)].

The review is based on three studies previously reported and involving the clinical, epidemiological and hemodynamic aspects of this problem. Schistosomasis may give frequently (21.6 p. 100) an arterial pulmonary hyperpressure related to the development of granulomas and arteriolitis. A myocarditis may be suspected but is rarely proved. Anemia and specific treatment are also responsible for myocardial deficiency. The parasitic changes of the urinary tract may give a systemic hypertension. Some very rare cases of acute pulmonary heart insufficiency have been reported and the responsibility of schistosomiasis in constrictive fibrous endomyocarditis is still questionned.

Animals↗