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Biomedical subjects

Y Aydin

Publications and source records attributed to Y Aydin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Protective effect of high-dose thiamine (B1) on rat detrusor contractility in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

We investigated the effect of thiamine (B1) treatment on bladder dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a group given thiamine only, a diabetic group and a diabetic group given thiamine therapy. Diabetes was induced in the rats by 65 mg/kg STZ via an intraperitoneal injection. Thiamine was given 50 mg/kg/day. Diabetic cystopathy was confirmed on cystometry 8 weeks later in diabetic groups. Rats' body and bladder weights were measured. Contractile response to carbachol and potassium chloride (KCl) of detrusor strips in all groups was studied in vitro. The body weights were significantly decreased (p<0.01), the bladder weights were significantly increased (p<0.01), and the cystometric bladder capacity and the residual urine volumes were significantly increased (p<0.001, p<0.01 respectively) in STZ-induced diabetic groups compared to the control group and the group given thiamine only. Contractile responses increased in the diabetic group in high carbachol and KCl concentrations (p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively). On the other hand, there were no differences in the other groups. These data suggest that high-dose thiamine (B(1)) treatment may be beneficial in delaying the progression of diabetic cystopathy in this experimental animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Nitric oxide in postmenopausal women taking three different HRT regimens.

OBJECTIVE: To search and compare the effects of three different HRT regimens on nitric oxide levels of postmenopausal women. METHODS: Four groups of postmenopausal women were included in this prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study. 34 women used 0.625 mg conjugated estrogen continuously combined with 5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate, 32 women used 2.5 mg tibolone, 26 women used 50 mcg transdermal estrogen alone continuously and 32 women used placebo for 12 months. Before the treatment and after 1 year, serum NO (nitrate/nitrite) and some other biochemical parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: All HRT using groups had increased serum nitric oxide levels significantly compared to placebo group and also there was not any difference among three HRT using groups concerning to increases in nitric oxide levels. CONCLUSION: Both conjugated estrogen combined with continuous progestin and transdermal estrogen alone and also tibolone increases serum nitric oxide levels of postmenopausal women equally for 12-months of treatment.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2004

Effects of clonidine pre-treatment on bupivacaine and ropivacaine cardiotoxicity in rats.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Clonidine has cardiac and systemic effects that can modify the potentially lethal cardiovascular effects of local anaesthetics. We evaluated the effects of clonidine pre-treatment on cardiotoxicity induced by an infusion of bupivacaine or ropivacaine and the success rate of resuscitation in anaesthetized rats. METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were anaesthetized with thiopental and ketamine. Lung ventilation was maintained mechanically, and the electrocardiograph and invasive blood pressure were recorded continuously. Two separate groups of rats were treated with intravenous clonidine 5 microg kg(-1) (n = 16) or saline (n = 16) in a randomized fashion. Fifteen minutes later, each group was randomly subdivided into two equal groups and an infusion of bupivacaine or ropivacaine, 3 mg kg(-1) min(-1), was given until cardiac arrest (asystole) occurred. The times when the cardiotoxic events (25%, 50% and 75% reduction of arterial pressure and heart rate, first dysrhythmia and asystole, respectively), induced by the local anaesthetic, occurred and the resuscitation outcome scores were recorded. RESULTS: Clonidine reduced heart rate and arterial pressure (P < 0.01). Clonidine did not alter cardiotoxicity or the success rate of resuscitation in bupivacaine-treated rats. In the ropivacaine group, clonidine increased the 25%, 50% and 75% reduction times of arterial pressure and the 50% and 75% reduction times of heart rate, times to first dysrhythmia and asystole (P < 0.05). Clonidine also increased the success rate of resuscitation in ropivacaine-treated rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although pre-treatment with clonidine protects the effects of ropivacaine cardiotoxicity and increases the success rate of resuscitation, it does not affect bupivacaine toxicity.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed2004

Anterior cervicothoracic meningocele treated by cystopleural shunt. Case report and review of the literature.

Anterior meningocele is a rare disease which is commonly observed in the sacral region. Anterio cervicothoracic meningocele is generally diagnosed in adult age and there are few reports in infancy. Different treatment procedures are performed such as ligation, resection and wrapping. The case of a 9-month-old male infant with acute respiratory distress and cyanosis is described. He had also recurrent lung infections for 3 months. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed an anterior cervicothoracic meningocele which was compressing the lung, aorta, esophagus and trachea associated with skeletal abnormalities and C2 - C7 syringohydromyelia. There was no evidence of neurofibromatosis. He was submitted to thoracotomy and treated with cystopleural shunt without valve system. Postoperatively his respiratory distress improved dramatically. Radiologically, the size of meningocele decreased and the syringomyelic cavity disappeared. There was no evidence of recurrence during his followup. Cystopleural shunt procedure is a reliable, simple and effective treatment modality in anterior cervicothoracic meningocele cases. This treatment regimen prevents possible neural damage and also treatments to the associated anomalies such as syringohydromyelia.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMed2002

Overview of 321 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Retrospective analysis of the clinical features and response to therapy.

In this retrospective study, we evaluated the clinical features and the effects of various treatment modalities on the clinical course in patients diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) at our center between 1984-2000. We retrospectively examined the medical records of 321 (229 females, 92 males) ITP patients. One hundred and seventy-one (53.3%) patients were lost to follow-up. When evaluating the clinical features, all 321 patients were included; however, when the response to treatment modalities was evaluated only 150 patients followed up regularly were considered. The median age of the patients on initial diagnosis was 34 years (range: 14-78). At initial diagnosis, 235 (73.2%) patients had signs of bleeding. Of patients diagnosed with ITP initially, six later turned out to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and two myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The median follow-up of 150 patients followed up regularly was 30 months (range: 4-396). One hundred and thirty-seven of these subjects had an indication for treatment and 94.2% of them were administered either standard or high-dose steroids as the first-line therapy. Complete remission (CR) was defined as any platelet count >100,000/mm(3) lasting for 3 months or longer without treatment. CR was achieved in 51.9% of the patients given steroids as the initial therapy. During a median follow-up of 33 months, relapse occurred in 58.2% of these patients, and after a median follow-up of 11 months the rest of them were still in remission. Ninety-eight patients followed up regularly were administered second-line therapies. CR was obtained in 44.4% of the patients who used steroids as second-line therapy. Within a median follow-up of 15 months, 20.8% of these patients relapsed. Splenectomy was performed in 76 patients and CR was obtained in 68.4% of the regularly followed up patients. Relapse occurred within a median of 96 months in 15.4% of the patients who had CR. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the duration of CR obtained by splenectomy was significantly higher than that obtained by steroids (p<0.001). The 10-year disease-free survivals in patients who used steroids and who underwent splenectomy were, respectively, 13% and 58%. In our adult ITP patients, steroids induced nearly similar rates of CR both as first-and second-line therapies. Splenectomy seems to be effective in patients unresponsive to steroids. The duration of CR obtained by splenectomy is significantly longer when compared with the duration of CR obtained by steroid therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Hematological abnormalities in adolescent menorrhagia.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of underlying hematological disorders as the cause of acute adolescent menorrhagia. METHODS: The records of 25 patients that were hospitalized with acute adolescent menorrhagia in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Cerrahpaşa Medical School of Istanbul University between 1988 and 1995 were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 13.9 +/- 1.6 (SD) years. A hematological abnormality that caused bleeding diathesis and acute menorrhagia was diagnosed in 7 of the 25 patients (28%). There were four cases of immune thrombocytopenic purpura, two cases of Van Willebrand disease and one case of acute promyelocytic leukemia. All seven patients with a coagulation disorder required blood transfusions and the mean hemoglobin level at presentation was 6.2 g/dl.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Diffuse mesenteric lipodystrophy (massive fat necrosis) in a cat.

Clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings of diffuse mesenteric lipodystrophy in a 3-year-old, female domestic short-haired cat are described. The animal had fallen from a height of approximately 20 metres 6 weeks previously, after which it developed respiratory distress and anorexia. The cat was thin, exhausted and had rapid, shallow, open-mouthed breathing. Serial upper gastrointestinal contrast radiographs showed a prolonged transit time of the contrast medium due to restricted gastric emptying, and filling defects of the duodenojejunal portions of the small intestines. The cranial abdominal cavity contained large, firm, white masses that adhered to most of the anterior abdominal organs. The intestinal walls were completely surrounded by large, hard, lobulated masses of lipomatous tissue. The masses were characterised histologically by extensive areas of coagulative necrosis of adipocytes containing foci of saponification. The lesions resembled those of massive fat necrosis or lipomatosis in cattle, pigs and deer.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2001

Symptomatic treatment of premenstrual mastalgia in premenopausal women with lisuride maleate: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the therapeutic effect of lisuride maleate on premenstrual mastalgia in premenopausal women. DESIGN: Double-blind randomized prospective study. SETTING: Department of obstetrics and gynecology at a university hospital. PATIENT(S): Sixty women with premenstrual mastalgia were included in the study. Study and control groups consisted of 30 women each. INTERVENTION(S): Women enrolled in the study and control group were given one tablet daily (0.2 mg) of lisuride maleate or placebo orally for 2 months. Severity of mastalgia was evaluated using the visual analog scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Severity of mastalgia and side effects of the drug administered. RESULT(S): Mastalgia subsided significantly in women receiving lisuride maleate compared with controls. There were no significant side effects from lisuride maleate. Prolactin levels decreased significantly in the group receiving lisuride, which correlated well with pain resolution. CONCLUSION(S): Lisuride maleate may be useful for the symptomatic treatment of premenstrual mastalgia.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Elective free-tissue transfer in pediatric patients.

Twenty-two elective free-tissue transfers for reconstruction of various defects were performed in 20 pediatric patients over a 7-year period. Patient ages ranged from 5 to 17 years (mean: 12.5 years). There were six open wounds, six unstable scars, five tumor resection defects, three facial gunshot wounds, one facial paralysis, and one penis agenesis. Ten free flaps were transferred to the head and neck region, seven to the lower extremity, four to the upper extremity, and one to the genital area. Ten fasciocutaneous flaps, seven muscle or myocutaneous flaps, and five vascularized bone grafts were transferred. All flaps survived, except for one in an electrical burn patient. The success rate was 95 percent. No vessel spasm was observed. Children tolerated long operation periods better than adults. The recovery time after surgery was considerably shorter than in adults. The mean operative time was 6 hr, and the average hospital stay was 12 days. The mean follow-up period was 27 months. Results of this study indicate that microvascular free-tissue transfer is a safe and reliable method for the reconstruction of various defects in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Reconstruction of shallow upper buccal sulcus deformity secondary to cleft lip and palate repair.

Shallow upper buccal sulcus deformity, one of the secondary deformities after cleft lip-palate repair, causes both aesthetic and functional problems. This deformity also prevents or makes difficult orthodontic and prosthodontic procedures. An upper buccal sulcus deepening procedure was performed in 14 patients during the last 5 years. In 12 cases, premaxillary-based mucosal flaps were combined with one of the following: lip re-repair, Abbé flap, or bilateral buccal mucosal advancement flaps; in two cases, premaxilla was grafted with buccal mucosal graft together with bilateral buccal mucosal advancement flaps. The follow-up period was 2 to 5 years. Results were satisfactory for the surgeon, orthodontist, prosthodontist, and the patient. Upper buccal sulcus reconstruction with premaxillary thin mucosal flap or full-thickness mucosal graft combined with tissue-sparing techniques provides successful and durable results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Malignant schwannoma of the sciatic nerve originating in a spinal plexiform neurofibroma associated with neurofibromatosis type 1--case report.

A 26-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) presented with a giant malignant schwannoma of the sciatic nerve. The differential diagnosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) was based on clinical, radiological, and histological evidence. The tumor apparently originated in a spinal plexiform neurofibroma. The lesion was resected totally without neural damage to the sciatic nerve. However, the tumor recurred within 2 months. The patient died of unknown factors probably associated with the spinal involvement. MPNST associated with NF1 has a poor prognosis due to recurrence or metastasis despite complete macroscopic removal.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Solitary plasmacytoma of the calvarium.

A solitary plasmacytoma of the calvarium was removed radically without postoperative radiotherapy. A 69-year-old female patient was operated for a giant solitary plasmacytoma in the frontal region and the follow-up over 10 years revealed no recurrence. The authors discuss that solitary plasmacytoma of the calvarium may have a good prognosis if radically removed and the radiotherapy may not be necessary.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Soft-tissue reconstruction of sole and heel defects with free tissue transfers.

Reconstruction of the weight-bearing surface of the foot is a challenging problem for the reconstructive surgeon. Because local tissues are not usually available for reconstruction, distant tissue transfers are often necessary. The authors report 20 patients with sole and heel defects that were reconstructed with free flaps. Two patients had bilateral reconstruction. Three patients were younger than 10 years. Etiological causes were burn scar (N = 7), trauma (N = 7), chronic wound (N = 3), and tumor resection (N = 5). All defects were located at a weight-bearing area. Gracilis muscle (N = 11), neurosensorial radial forearm (N = 7), latissimus dorsi muscle (N = 2), rectus abdominis muscle (N = 1), and posterolateral thigh flaps (N = 1) were used for reconstruction. Muscle flaps were preferred for the deep and irregular defects or chronic, open infected wounds. All flaps survived except for one total and two partial complications of necrosis. Recurrence of ulceration was observed in 1 patient with spinal cord trauma. The mean follow-up period was 33.7 months (range, 1-84 months). Patients were evaluated by direct gait observation, footprints, pedograms, and the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test. All patients returned to normal daily activity with individual gait patterns. Functional outcomes of both muscle and fasciocutaneous flaps were satisfactory. Presence of deep sensation, preservation of musculoskeletal integrity, and patient compliance are the main factors for durability of reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

An experimental study of skin flap associated with muscle: is muscle nourishment possible through the musculocutaneous perforators?

An experimental study was planned to examine whether the blood supply of muscle would be maintained by reverse flow from the cutaneous arteriolar microcirculatory system via the musculocutaneous perforators. A flap model containing both muscle and skin based on the inferior superficial epigastric vessels was designed with the blood supplied directly from the cutaneous arteriolar microcirculatory system. A total of 154 male Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. Group I included the standard vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap based on the superior deep epigastric vessels (N = 48). Group II included the acute cutaneous muscle flap (N = 53). Group III contained the delayed cutaneous muscle flap (N = 53). Skin flap survival area, muscle scintigraphy with technetium-99m-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile, microangiography, and histopathological examination of the flaps were conducted. The mean percentage of surviving skin paddle area was 96.4 +/- 5.2%, 84.9 +/- 21.6%, and 91.0 +/- 16.8% in groups I, II, and III respectively. There was no significant difference between groups. Microangiography revealed the blood flow from skin to muscle through the musculocutaneous perforators. The radioisotope uptake of the muscle flap was expressed as A percentage of the intact contralateral muscle. Mean uptake in group I was 90.1 +/- 4.9% immediately after flap elevation, 62.5 +/- 13.5% on day 2, and 88.3 +/- 12.0% on day 7. These values were 53.7 +/- 7.1%, 63.6 +/- 14.1%, and 89.2 +/- 18.1% in group II, and 64 +/- 7.8%, 75.5 +/- 9.8%, and 92.8 +/- 40.1% in group III. Radioisotope uptake in group I was significantly higher than groups II and III immediately after flap elevation (p < 0.05, analysis of variance), whereas there was no significant difference on days 2 and 7. Histopathological examination revealed surviving muscle tissue without marked atrophy. There was no marked difference between groups histopathologically. These results indicate that muscle tissue may survive by reverse flow through the musculocutaneous perforators when elevated with an axial skin flap.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Temporalis muscle flap for craniofacial reconstruction after tumor resection.

Temporalis muscle flap provides a good solution for the reconstruction of craniofacial defects after tumor resection. Nine patients with complicated defects located at the upper two thirds of the face, anterior cranial base, or mastoid region are presented. Five patients had orbital exenteration, two with total maxillectomy and two with anterior craniofacial resection. Temporalis muscle flap provided profuse well-vascularized tissue for the obliteration of orbital exenteration and total maxillectomy cavities and coverage of surface defects. Cranial, oral, and nasal spaces were separated successfully in all patients. Temporalis muscle flap is a very reliable technique with low complication rates and few donor site problems. This safe and technically easy flap can be preferred for the reconstruction of craniofacial defects after ablative tumor surgery, especially in older and debilitated patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Malignant tumors requiring maxillectomy.

Seventy cases with malignant tumors requiring maxillary resection in the past 10 years were reviewed, retrospectively. The primary site of tumor was adjacent skin in 53%, maxillary sinus or maxilla in 20%, palate and alveolar arch in 13%, lip and buccal mucosa in 13%, and mandible in 1% of the cases. The most common histopathological diagnoses was squamous cell carcinoma (54%), followed by basal cell carcinoma (20%). Most of the patients had advanced tumors, either neglected or recurred. Orbital exenteration was performed in 28 cases, mandibulectomy in six cases, combined craniofacial resection in seven cases, and radical neck dissection in 18 cases. Major skin loss was present in majority of the patients. Postsurgical defects were reconstructed with pedicled flaps in 37 cases and free flaps in 12 cases. Lining of the maxillary sinus defects was provided with split-thickness skin grafts. Patients with palatal defects were encouraged to use prosthetic obturators. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed in 32 patients and combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy in 12 patients. Communication could be established with only 52 patients. Sixty-three percent of them have survived without recurrence and distant metastasis. Resection of the tumor with free surgical margins and appropriate evaluation of the surgical defect for the most suitable reconstruction are the mainstays of treatment of the midfacial tumors.

Adolescent↗