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Biomedical subjects

Y B Wang

Publications and source records attributed to Y B Wang.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an analysis of 167 cases].

167 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were analyzed. There was a significant difference between some of the clinical features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in China and western countries. The age of onset in China was 10 to 20 years earlier than and the male to female ratio (4.6:1) was 2 times higher than those in the west. Average age of death was 47 years, being earlier than that in the west. Some specific clinical features for early clinical diagnosis were also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Antibacterial mechanisms of lysozyme on Streptococcus mutans.

Lysozyme is a dominant member of the antibacterial complex of human saliva and has the potential to kill bacteria by direct lysis or by mechanisms (not completely understood) that are independent of its muramidase activity. The muramidase-independent bactericidal activity appears to depend upon its cationic character. Bacterial death may be due to inhibition of nutrient transport (eg. glucose) and disruption of membrane integrity. This review also describes common bactericidal mechanisms of several cationic peptides/proteins to support the cationic-dependent bactericidal model of lysozyme.

Cations↗
PubMed1990

[Cricopharyngeal myotomy in upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction].

Upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction is a diseases of a altered esophageal motility characterized by muscular functional obstruction with cervical dysphagia as the main clinical manifestation. It is complicated sometimes by incidental aspiration. Pulmonary infection and even choking. The cricopharyngeal anatomically acts as the upper esophageal sphincter Uncoordinated contraction between cricopharyngeal and pharyngeal muscle could be one of the mechanisms for the development of cervical dysphagia. Cricopharyngeal myotomy has been used to treat functional disorder of the upper esophagus. The rationale for such procedure is to relieve functional obstruction by producing a wide "Opening door" for the upper esophagus. This paper presents 5 cases suffering from severe dysphagia treated with above mentioned procedure. The result is satisfactory that all patients became symptom. Free another female patient who did not undergo the operation has died of sudden choking. Authors concluded that cricopharyngeal myotomy is a simple but effective procedure for treating upper esophageal sphincter dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

In vivo induction of malignant transformation of nude mouse B lymphocytes by a human multiple myeloma.

The bone marrow puncture fluid of human multiple myeloma was inoculated subcutaneously in BALB/C/nu nude mice. After passage of the xenograft from nude mice in vitro, a murine malignant lymphosarcoma cell line was unexpectedly established, which was named NLB-SK. The murine NLB-SK cell line has been cultivated in vitro over 72 passages for 10 months. Repeated cryopreservation showed that the murine NLB-SK cell line revived satisfactorily. Based on cell biological characteristics the malignant transformation might be attributed to horizontal oncogenesis between human malignant tumor cells and nude mouse normal somatic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Prospective studies on nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Epstein-Barr virus IgA/VCA antibody-positive persons in Wuzhou City, China.

A serological mass survey was carried out in Wuzhou City in 1980, 1,136 IgA/VCA-positive persons being followed up for 4 years. Altogether 35 NPC cases were detected, of which 15 (43%) were in stage I and 17 (48.5%) in stage II, early cases (I + II) thus amounting to 91.5%. The detection rate of early cases was 2.9 times higher than in our outpatient clinic. IgA/VCA antibody could be detected 16-41 months prior to clinical diagnosis of NPC. We conclude that, if IgA/VCA-positive individuals are examined routinely once a year, NPC can be detected in the early stages of evolution. The annual detection rate of NPC in IgA/VCA antibody-positive individuals was 31.7 times higher than that of the annual incidence of NPC in the general population in the same age group, while during the 4-year follow-up period the incidence was 7.5 times higher than in the general population for the same age group. These results further indicate that EB virus plays an important role in the development of NPC, and that serological screening and follow-up studies are valuable for the early detection of NPC.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Re-evaluation of 5-fluorouracil as a single agent for gestational malignant trophoblastic neoplasms.

Large doses of 5-fluorouracil, administered by slow intravenous drip, have proven to be very effective in the treatment of malignant trophoblastic tumors. From 1964 through 1975, 5-fluorouracil was used as a single chemotherapeutic agent in 173 cases of invasive mole and 139 cases of choriocarcinoma. This series of patients was further divided into Group A (212 cases) in which 5-fluorouracil was used as initial therapy, and Group B (100 cases) in which 5-fluorouracil was given to those who developed resistance to 6-mercaptopurine and/or to methotrexate. The overall remission rate in Group A patients was 98.4% for invasive mole and 93.0% for choriocarcinoma. In Group B patients the corresponding remission rate was 93.6% and 71.7%, respectively, indicating that 5-fluorouracil is effective in patients who develop resistance to other antimetabolic agents. The rate of recurrence among 213 patients achieving complete remission during follow-up was 1.4% (3 cases). All of the remaining 210 patients had survived for more than 5 years up to the end of 1981, and 96 patients (45.7%) had survived for more than 10 years. In comparison with other antimetabolites, 5-fluorouracil has the advantages of being more effective and less toxic, and can be administered through multiple routes. Therefore, it has remained the agent of first choice in the chemotherapy of malignant trophoblastic neoplasms.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗
PubMed1984

A histological study of the promotive effect of diethylstilbestrol on diethylnitrosamine initiated carcinogenesis of liver in rat.

A single dose (80 mg/kg) of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was given orally to castrated female Wistar rats. One week after that one half of the animals were treated with diethylstilbestrol (DES) 3 mg/kg/once a week subcutaneously. The other half of the animals received no any hormone or hormone derivatives. The change of the liver cells in animals treated with DEN alone failed to progress beyond the stage of hepatocellular alterations in foci or neoplastic nodules within 8 months, while most of those animals which received DES treatment after DEN initiation developed hepatocellular carcinomas after 6 months. This result denotes that the DES exerts a definite promotive effect on DEN initiated liver cell carcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Relation between geographical distribution of liver cancer and climate-aflatoxin B1 in China.

This paper analyses, for the first time in China, the relationship between the data on climate (temperature and humidity) in the country, aflatoxin, hepatitis B and primary liver cancer mortality, by using the methods of geographical epidemiology and generalized factor analysis, and also approaches the characteristics of the geographical distribution of liver cancer in China from a climate-mould viewpoint. The authors come to the conclusion that climate is an important environmental condition that determines the differences in the distributions of liver cancer in different areas, and that aflatoxin B1 is one of the main carcinogenic factors of liver cancer.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1981

Serum zinc levels in patients with basal-cell carcinoma.

Basal-cell carcinoma is a malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the germinative cells of the epidermis and its appendages. Various causative factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis. In recent years, it has become increasingly apparent that alterations in serum zinc concentration may relate to neoplastic diseases. The objective of this study was to determine whether or not a relationship exists between abnormal serum zinc levels and basal-cell carcinomas. The data indicate that a statistically significant elevation in mean serum zinc levels is associated with this neoplasm. This may, however, not be of clinical significance because of variation in environmental or statistical sampling factors.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1980

[The diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (author's transl)].

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is etiologically closely connected to the Epstein Barr virus. NPC is the only carcinoma in man that can be diagnosed serologically. In the serum of patients with NPC characteristic antibody titres of certain viral antigens can be demonstrated during the disease. Conclusions regarding the success of treatment and on possible relapse can be deduced from these antibody titres. Criteria of histological differention for NPC prognosis are described, and the possible mode of infection is discussed. Since the disease also occurs in adolescents the treatment of a typical case of NPC is described.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of peptic ulcer disease with furazolidone.

Furazolidone (FZ) has been used in China as a treatment of peptic ulcer disease for about 20 years. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has good short-term and long-term effects on both human and animal ulcers. The ulcer healing rate is related to the dosage and course of treatment. The healing rate of a high dose, 2 week course is about 70-75% and the relapse rate after 3 years is 9.5%. The adverse reactions to FZ are not severe, and are well tolerated in most patients. However the mutagenic studies of several biological systems indicate that it has a mutagenic effect, but the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects on humans and animals remain questionable, because FZ has been biotransformed into other metabolites. The mechanisms of FZ in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease are not fully understood, perhaps partly due to the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory reaction and partly to the antibacterial activity to Helicobacter pylori (HP). The long-term effects of FZ are still not clear.

Animals↗