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Biomedical subjects

Y Bayazit

Publications and source records attributed to Y Bayazit.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Urinary nephrocalcin excretion in children with urolithiasis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of nephrocalcin in childhood urolithiasis. Forty-one patients with urinary stones and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were admitted to the study. Blood and timed urine samples were taken from both patient and control groups for biochemical analysis. Serum and urine creatinine (Cr) and urinary nephrocalcin (NC) were measured. NC excretion was expressed as a NC/Cr (mg/g) ratio. NC-PreA/Cr and NC-D/Cr ratios were found to be significantly higher in patients than in the control group. No statistically significant differences were found in NC-A/Cr, NC-B/Cr, NC-C/Cr ratios between the patient and control groups. The high NC-PreA/Cr ratio (p = 0.012) observed in stone-forming patients indicates that this ratio may also be an important stimulatory factor for urinary stone disease.

Calcium↗
PubMed2002

Laparoscopic renal biopsy in bilateral pelvic kidney with chronic glomerulonephritis.

Percutaneous needle biopsy under the guidance of ultrasound or computerized tomography is the most valuable method in the diagnosis of parenchymal kidney diseases. However, sometimes it can be difficult to perform in the presence of certain anomalies, anatomic variations, or medical problems. In the presence of bilateral pelvic kidney, which is a rare anomaly, laparoscopy can be used to obtain biopsy. Biopsy of kidney was planned in a 26-year-old woman who presented with a history of hypertension for 7 years and proteinuria with the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome. For the biopsy, the laparoscopic approach was chosen since the patient had bilateral pelvic kidneys. Under general anesthesia, using three port sites, the right kidney was reached, which was located more anterior than the left one. Three biopsy specimens for histologic evaluation were taken with a Tru-Cut biopsy needle. No complications were encountered during or after the operation. The patient was ceased from urological follow-up after performing an ultrasound on the first postoperative day. This is the first case of pelvic kidney with chronic glomerulonephritis reported in the literature in which the histologic diagnosis was made with the help of laparoscopy. Laparoscopic kidney biopsy is a minimally invasive technique that can be done in cases with anatomic variations, making percutaneous needle biopsy impossible.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Clinical and histopathological correlates of the proliferative activity in squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the clinical and histopathological significance of the proliferative activity as determined by PCNA and Ki67 levels and mitotic counting (MC) in laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC). STUDY DESIGN: An analysis of clinical, histopathological and immunhistochemical (PCNA0 and Ki67) results of 28 patients, who were treated for LSCC, was made. METHODS: Clinical data of the patients were reviewed and corresponding archival paraffin embedded tissue samples were obtained. Histopathological studies and MC were performed, and PCNA and Ki67 positivity was assessed. RESULTS: There was no association between the mean values of the proliferative markers, and N stage and T stage of the patients as well as laryngeal site of involvement (p > 0.05). There was a correlation between the proliferative indicators and tumor grade (p < 0.05). A correlation was also encountered between the PCNA, Ki67 and MC values (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The proliferative markers studied are not reliable indicators for the presumptive diagnosis of occult neck metastasis. They may be used as complementary tools to the conventional histopathologic grading systems to assess the tumour differentiation in LSCC.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Fusiform enlargement of the nasolacrimal canal: a rare anatomic variation.

To determine the standard width and shape of the nasolacrimal canal (NLC) in the coronal plane, a retrospective review of 950 coronal paranasal CT sections was undertaken. The coronal diameter of NLC was measured at its upper and lower ends and anomalies in its configuration noted. The mean diameters of the NLC were 4.8 +/- 1.2 mm and 4.7 +/- 1.1 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. There was no difference in the mean NLC diameter between the right and left sides, upper and lower portions or males and females. In two cases, an abnormal dilation of the NLC at its inferior portion was encountered. A marked enlargement of the NLC can occur in the absence of a neoplastic or obstructive process and may be detected as an isolated finding representing idiopathic or congenital enlargement. Segmental NLC dilatation is not always an indicator of pathology, particularly in asymptomatic cases, and should be considered a rare anatomic variation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone.

Histiocytosis X or Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disease that possesses three less distinctive and overlapping states called eosinophilic granuloma (EG), Hand-Schuller-Christian (HSC) disease and Letterer-Siwe (LS) disease. EG is the least severe and localized form of all LCHs and possesses the best prognostic result. A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose the EG, especially when an ear disease is refractory to medical treatment. Early detection is important to manage the EG properly and to minimize the complications or sequels of treatment. Definitive diagnosis of histiocytosis is made by histopathological means and immunohistochemical detection of S-100 and CD1 antigens in the tissue samples. And differential diagnosis of the subgroups is made according to the clinical manifestations such as visceral organ or bone involvement. Surgical excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, either alone or in combination, are the main treatment options.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2001

Morbidity of flank incision in 100 renal donors.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the morbidity of lumbotomy incision used in the last 100 living related donor nephrectomies retrospectively. METHODS: Since March 1991, 100 donor nephrectomies were made to living donors with lumbar incision. Incisions made in lateral decubitus position, subcostally or by an 11th or 12th rib resection. Left nephrectomy to 83, and right nephrectomy to 17 donors was performed. In 2 patients, there had been a peritoneal defect which was closed with primary sutures. In 19 patients 3 cm or shorter and in 5 patients longer than 3 cm of pleural entry had occurred. In all of the patients laceration was repaired without placement of a chest tube, however a chest tube had to be placed in 2 donors after obtaining a control chest x-ray postoperatively. RESULTS: All the patients mobilized and began to take orally in the first post-operative day. Wound infection, pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis had detected in none of the patients. The patients were discharged on the 4th and 5th postoperative day. During their control after 1 month from the operation it was found that all of them had returned to their daily life. In the postoperative period incisional hernia occurred in 7 patients which didn't need surgical repair and none of them complained of cosmetic problem. There was no any other late term complication was seen due to flank incision. CONCLUSION: Lumbotomy incision in donor nephrectomy, either a rib resection or supracostal approach, is reliable, provides excellent exposure for surgeon and has minimal morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

A giant renal calculus treated without nephrectomy.

The case of a patient with a giant renal calculus weighing 770 g in a solitary functioning kidney is reported. A 57-year-old man presented with right lumbar pain and macroscopic hematuria, and a giant stone was diagnosed in his right kidney. Nine days after a percutaneous nephrostomy placement, the patient underwent selective right renal angiography and transcatheter superselective embolization due to a sudden gross hematuria observed from both the nephrostomy tube and urethra. Embolization was successful. Right anatrophic nephrolithotomy was performed after stabilization of the patient. There were no complications during the recovery period. The case reported here is significant not only because it is the 7th biggest and the heaviest stone in the literature but also because it is the first giant stone reported to be in a solitary functioning kidney and treated without nephrectomy.

Humans↗
PubMed2001

Assessment of migraine-related cochleovestibular symptoms.

The objective was to assess the cochleovestibular symptoms in migraine. Therefore, a questionnaire form was prepared to record the data obtained from 20 migraineurs. All patients were assessed with audiometry, bithermal caloric testing and auditory brainstem response testing (ABR) between the migraine attacks, and 8 of them were also assessed during the attacks. Dizziness (30%) was the most common symptom that was followed by vertigo (25%) and tinnitus (20%). All patients had hearing within normal limits. Positional test (Hallpike maneuver) was positive in 2 (10%). Bithermal caloric testing revealed canal paresis in 3 (15%) patients. ABR results were normal in 13 patients. Seven patients (35%) had abnormal ABR results. Four of them (20%) had elongation in the absolute wave latencies (wave I, III and V) and normal IPLs of wave I-III, III-V and I-V. Three (15%) patients had elongation in the absolute wave latencies as well as in the IPLs of wave I-III, III-V and I-V. In conclusion, cochleovestibular symptoms can be seen in migraineurs. The test results between and during attacks are similar. The subjective cochleovestibular symptoms did not correlate with the objective tests performed (audiometry, ABR and caloric testing).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Use of the auditory brainstem response testing in the clinical evaluation of the patients with diabetes mellitus.

The objective of the study was to assess whether a relationship exists between the auditory brain stem response (ABR) results and diabetes mellitus with and without complications. In the clinical and audiometry laboratory settings, diabetic patients with and without complications (retinopathy and/or nephropathy) were examined using ABR testing, and the results were interpreted for their applicability in clinical practice. Fifty-nine patients with diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy (study group) and 20 diabetic patients without any known diabetic complication (control group) were assessed with audiometry and ABR testing. ABR revealed that the absolute latencies and interwave intervals of the waves I through V were prolonged significantly in the study group when compared to the control group. The amplitudes of waves I through V were diminished in the study group when compared to the control group, but a statistical significance was present only for wave V amplitude. Quantitative (wave I to wave V amplitude ratio) and qualitative analyses of the ABR waves showed abnormal waveforms in the study and control groups by 55.2 and 27.6%, respectively. There is a brain stem neuropathy in diabetes mellitus which can be assessed with ABR testing. The likelihood of encountering a diabetic complication increases as the ABR results become abnormal.

Audiometry↗
PubMed2000

A new approach to the classification of maxillary sinus hypoplasia with relevant clinical implications.

The purpose of this study was to discover the prevalence of maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) and associated malformations. A total of 490 consecutive axial and coronal computerized tomographic (CT) scans of the paranasal sinuses were obtained from patients with chronic sinusitis. CT scans were assessed for the presence of MSH and associated anatomic variations. A new classification of MSH was made, and the diagnostic criteria listed. The frequency of anatomic variations coexisting with MSH was also estimated. MSH was encountered in 21 (4.2%) of the 490 patients. Unilateral types I, II and III MSH were seen in 7 (1.4%), 6 (1.2%) and 8 (1.6%) respectively. MSH was bilateral only in 3 (0.6%) patients, one of which was a bilateral type II. In the remaining two bilateral MSH cases, there was a type II MSH on one side and type III MSH on the other in each patient. Middle conchal pneumatization was the most common coexisting anatomic anomaly in MSH, followed by agger nasi cell, secondary middle concha, paradoxical middle concha and superior conchal pneumatization. A patient with MSH should be carefully evaluated prior to any sinus surgery in order to avoid surgical complications. With precise CT assessments, an MSH can be diagnosed and distinguished from other maxillary sinus anomalies. With the additional criterion of orbital enlargement, and the help of reproducible measurement techniques explained in this study, an objective diagnosis and classification can be made in further investigations of MSH.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Significance of Fas protein in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

The purpose was to elucidate the clinical significance of Fas protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSSC). Medical records of 30 patients who were operated for LSCC between 1991 and 1997 were reviewed, and histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of the archival tumor tissues were performed. Conventional histopathology included tumor grading, mitotic counting (MC) and status of the cervical lymph nodes. The monoclonal antibodies to Fas (DAKO M 3554) and nm23 (DAKO A0096 Lot 035) proteins were used for immunohistochemical staining. Streptavidin-Biotin, horseradish method was used. Positive staining for both Fas and nm23 was obtained in 27 (90%) tumor samples. There was no correlation between neck metastasis and Fas positivity (r = 0.126, p = 0.505 and chi2 = 0.062, p = 0.996, respectively). Fas positivity did not correlate to grade (r = 0.282, p = 0.130), tumor size or T (r = 0.0457, p = 0.810, chi2 = 0.0.018, p = 0.999) or laryngeal site of involvement (chi2 = 0.0937, p = 0.992). However, a correlation was found between Fas and MC (r = 0.482. p = 0.007). There was also a correlation between Fas and nm23 positivity (r = 0.614, p < 0.0001). Fas protein expression has no prognostic value in LSCC, because the Fas values do not correlate with grade, stage or nodal status of neck. However, 90% of LSCCs expressed Fas protein. Understanding the functional status of the Fas receptor proteins may lead to development of new therapeutic options for LSSC in the future.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Management strategy of mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the typical clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis (MCL). Medical records of 87 patients who were treated for MCL were retrospectively reviewed. Definitive diagnosis of MCL was made when a neck mass persisted for several weeks or months and one or more of the following was obtained: (1) positive mycobacterial cultures from biopsy material; (2) Positive mycobacterial staining of biopsy material; (3) Granulomatous inflammation and caseating necrosis on histopathological examination of biopsy material. Clinical findings were reviewed prior to treatment. The treatment included standard antituberculous medications followed by surgery in which either total excision or selective nodal dissection of the cervical lump was made. Follow-up results are presented. The chief complaint was a cervical mass that was localized mostly to the posterior cervical or submandibular regions. A fistula formation was encountered in 11.5 per cent. All patients recovered from MCL by combined antituberculous drug and surgical treatments. Clinical presentation of the disease and histopathological assessment are important in the diagnosis of MCL as well as in the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and nontuberculous MCL. Utilizing the combined medical and surgical treatment options, both tuberculous and non-tuberculous cervical adenitis can be treated successfully.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Predictive value of acoustic reflectometry (angle and reflectivity) and tympanometry.

OBJECTIVE: Tympanometry and acoustic reflectometry are suggested tools for confirmation of otoscopic diagnosis of secretory otitis media. The issues on sensitivity and specificity of both devices are contradictory. In this study, our purpose was to compare sensitivity and specificity of both devices and to look for whether it is possible to reach higher values by combining them. METHODS: This study included 150 normal ears and 150 ears with chronic effusion. In tympanometry, only B tracings were accepted as predictor of effusion. In acoustic reflectometry, reflectivity (cut point: 5) and curve angle with two cut-points (75 degrees and 90 degrees) were used. RESULTS: Acoustic reflectometry presented higher specificity by both reflectivity (cut point: 5) and by curve angle (cut point: 75 degrees) (99.33% by both) than tympanometry (92%) (chi2 analysis, P < 0.001). But, their sensitivities (65.33 and 78%) were lower than tympanometry (96%) (chi2 analysis, P < 0.001). With curve angle of 90 degrees, specificity of acoustic reflectometry decreased to 85.33%, sensitivity increasing to 97.33%, which was not different from tympanometry (chi2 analysis, P > 0.1). When data of curve angle and tympanometry were combined, specificity and sensitivity of the combined test were found to be 91.33 and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: (i) Acoustic reflectometry should not be proposed as a better device than tympanometry, because its test efficiency was not higher than tympanometry. (ii) The only advantage of AR (reflectivity > or = 5 and curve angle < or = 75 degrees) was its high specificity to effusion. In addition, higher curve angles than 90 degrees were found to be highly predictive for normal ears as much as tympanometry. But, predictivity of curve angle between 76 degrees and 90 degrees was low. (iii) When tympanograms and curve angle were combined, it was found that prediction of this combination for curve angles between 76 degrees and 90 degrees was perfect. (iv) We consider that both test devices provide complementary data to each other, which would be particularly important for screening studies and that they are good tools for confirmation of clinical impression, particularly for less experienced clinicians.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1999

Posterior fossa vestibular nerve section for the management of peripheral vertigo.

Patients with vertigo resistant to conservative treatment require surgical management. Between March 1991 and August 1996, vestibular nerve sections were performed in 108 patients with peripheral vertigo not responding to conservative treatment. The diagnoses were classic Ménière's disease in 96 patients and recurrent vestibulopathy in 12 patients. Combined retrosigmoid retrolabyrinthine (n = 106) and retrolabyrinthine (n = 2) approaches were used. Patients were grouped according to follow-ups of less than 2 years and more than 2 years. In the former group (n = 49), hearing preservation and vertigo control were achieved in 93.9% and 100%, respectively. In the latter group (n = 59) the rates were 89.8% and 96.6%, respectively. Overall complications were uncommon. Three patients had cerebrospinal fluid leakage and one had total hearing loss. According to our results, posterior fossa vestibular nerve section was found to be an effective treatment for the management of patients with intractable vertigo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Functional results of Plastipore prostheses for middle ear ossicular chain reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: Assessment of plastipore prostheses for middle ear ossicular chain reconstruction. Hearing results with total and partial Plastipore ossicular replacement prostheses (TORP and PORP) were evaluated in open- and closed-cavity operations. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of 237 patients who underwent operation for chronic ear disease as well as ossiculoplasty with plastipore prostheses. In order to assess the functional results, only 156 of 237 patients were included in the study. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 46 months. METHODS: Canal wall up and canal wall down operations were performed. Either TORP or PORP ossiculoplasty was performed in each operation. An airbone gap closure to within 20 dB was considered successful. RESULTS: With TORPs, the airbone gap closure to within 20 dB was achieved in 43.1%, and similar results were obtained with PORPs in 63.3%. In canal wall down and canal wall up operations, the success rates were 55.8% and 55.7%, respectively. The best results were obtained with PORPs in canal wall down operations, with a success rate of 82%. The extrusion rate of the prostheses was 4.2%. CONCLUSION: Hearing results of PORPs are better than TORPs. In canal wall up and canal wall down operations similar hearing results are obtained. PORP ossiculoplasty in a canal wall down operation yields the most favorable hearing result.

Adolescent↗