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Y Bouhnik

Publications and source records attributed to Y Bouhnik.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Fecal recovery in humans of viable Bifidobacterium sp ingested in fermented milk.

Bifidobacterium sp is a natural component of the dominant colonic microflora that was recently introduced into several fermented dairy products. The aim of the present study was to study the fate of this microorganism in the human gut. On the basis of antibiotic resistance characters, a variant of Bifidobacterium sp that could be distinguished from indigenous bifidobacteria in the fecal flora was selected, and its survival and colonization in the colon was examined. This strain was used to ferment milk, and 125 g of the fermented product obtained was ingested by eight healthy volunteers three times daily for 8 days. Stools were recovered and weighed throughout the study. The results showed that the exogenous Bifidobacterium sp appeared in the stools and reached a mean level of 8.8 +/- 0.1 log colony-forming units per gram. This level was maintained as long as the fermented dairy product was consumed. When its ingestion stopped, the exogenous Bifidobacterium sp gradually decreased and was no longer detectable 8 days after cessation. The mean recovered quantity during the 8-day period of administration of the ingested bifidobacteria excreted in stools was 12.1 +/- 0.1 log colony-forming units per gram, i.e., 29.7% +/- 6% of the ingested bacteria, which was similar to the percentage that reached the colon in previous studies. It is concluded that under physiological conditions, exogenously administered Bifidobacterium sp do not colonize the human colon. However, the high fecal concentrations of exogenous bifidobacteria reached are compatible with metabolic "probiotic" activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Survival of bifidobacteria ingested via fermented milk during their passage through the human small intestine: an in vivo study using intestinal perfusion.

The ability of a strain of Bifidobacterium sp to survive passage through the upper gastrointestinal tract when ingested in fermented milk was investigated in six fasting healthy adults by using in vivo ileal perfusion. After ingestion of 10.0 +/- 0.5 log10 bifidobacteria in 400 g fermented milk, ileal flow of bifidobacteria increased significantly and reached a maximum of 8.8 +/- 0.2 log10 bifidobacteria/h 1.7 +/- 0.4 h after ingestion of fermented milk. The average number of bifidobacteria recovered from the terminal ileum during the 8 h after fermented-milk ingestion was 9.0 +/- 0.1 log10 and constituted 23.5 +/- 10.4% of the number ingested. These results indicate that in healthy adults Bifidobacterium sp survive transit through the gastrointestinal tract when ingested in fermented milk. Further studies are needed to investigate the behavior of these exogenous bacteria in the colonic lumen and to explore their effects on the physiology of the human gastrointestinal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium sp. in the small intestine following ingestion in fermented milk. A rational basis for the use of probiotics in man].

Oro-ileal intubation was performed in 6 healthy volunteers who ingested, either 100 g of a fermented milk containing 10(8)/g Lactobacillus acidophilus and 10(7)/g Bifidobacterium sp or sterilized fermented milk along with a meal in random order. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium were counted in the ileal fluid which was aspirated continuously for 8 h, and flow rates were calculated using the constant slow infusion of PEG 4000. After ingestion of fermented milk but not after control, hourly ileal flow rates of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium increased form 4.8 +/- 0.2 and 4.9 +/- 0.6 to 7.2 +/- 0.3 and 8.0 +/- 0.3, respectively (mean +/- SE log10 CFU). 8.3 +/- 0.2 Lactobacillus acidophilus and 8.8 +/- 0.1 Bifidobacterium were recovered in the ileum which represented 1.5 percent and 37.5 percent of the ingested bacteria, respectively. In conclusion, under usual conditions of fermented milk ingestion, a large number of living Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium pass through the upper gastrointestinal tract and reach the colon.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Calcemic response to magnesium or 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol treatment in intestinal hypomagnesemia.

The mechanism of hypocalcemia was assessed prospectively in 10 gastroenterological hypomagnesemic patients. Baseline serum magnesium was 0.9 +/- 0.1 mg/dl and calcium, 7.2 +/- 0.4 md/dl. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH)D) was low in 5 patients and normal in the others. Plasma parathormone (PTH) and urinary cyclic AMP (ur. cAMP), although twofold above normal values, were inappropriately low and increased sharply after a magnesium bolus injection. There was no renal resistance to PTH as ur. cAMP increased after i.v. bovine PTH bolus injection. Subsequently, patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, each including patients with low or normal levels of 25 (OH)D, receiving either MgCl2 (group I) or 1 microgram/d of 1-alpha (OH)D (group II) for one week. Although magnesium status remained low in group II patients, increase in plasma calcium was identical in both groups. Serum calcium levels in patients receiving combined 1-alpha (OH)D and MgCl2 during a second week of treatment returned to normal. In the 4 tested patients, plasma 1,25 (OH)2D levels were low before, but also after correction of hypomagnesemia, suggesting that low level of 1,25 (OH)2D might not be due to hypomagnesemia. Therefore, treatment with low dosage of 1-alpha (OH)2D associated with magnesium chloride repletion can be recommended to restore normal calcium homeostasis in patients with intestinal hypomagnesemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Protein-losing enteropathy syndrome caused by a localization of Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS].

A 35-year-old HIV positive patient with skin and gastrointestinal localization of a Kaposi's sarcoma was admitted for severe diffuse edema. Increased alpha-I-antitrypsin clearance (150 ml/24 h) allowed us to confirm the diagnosis of protein loosing enteropathy resulting from sarcoma infiltration in the stomach, the duodenum and the entire small bowel. At autopsy, ileal ulcerations were found. Gastrointestinal involvement occurring during Kaposi's sarcoma is common and usually symptomless. The discovery of a protein loosing enteropathy in our patient suggests that this gastrointestinal involvement could play a role in the hypoalbuminemia often found in these patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolated and spontaneously regressive colonic neurofibromatosis].

This case report concerns a man presenting protein losing enteropathy. Multiple polypoid colonic lesions were discovered corresponding to intra and submucosal neurofibromas. No extradigestive sign was noticed, and the diagnosis of isolated colonic neurofibromatosis was upheld. Eight years later, it was observed that both protein losing enteropathy and the colonic neurofibromas had apparently spontaneously disappeared. Isolated digestive neurofibromatosis and spontaneous tumoural regressions are discussed.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic idiopathic constipation in adults. Pathogenesis and treatment].

The purpose of this review article is to outline the main factors underlying adult chronic idiopathic constipation (colic substrates, bacterial fermentation, colic peristalsis, perineal anomalies and psychological factors) as well as readily available exploratory methods (colic transit time, anorectal manometry). A review is made of the various therapeutic possibilities, taking into account hygienico-dietetic and pharmacological treatments (mono- or multifactorial laxatives), biofeedback and psychological approaches. The main cases seen in clinical practice are described.

Adult↗