Biomedical subjects

Y C Chuang

Publications and source records attributed to Y C Chuang.

94 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Scleral buckling for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Both vitrectomy and scleral buckling have been used to treat patients with stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The standard procedure of scleral buckling for treatment of stage 4 ROP is encircling scleral buckling. The effectiveness of segmental scleral buckling is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the surgical results of patients with stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity treated with either encircling or segmental scleral buckling. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the anatomic outcomes of 23 eyes (18 infants) with stage 4 A or B ROP treated with scleral buckling. Segmental buckling was used to treat 15 eyes with detachment limited to the temporal side of the retina, while 9 eyes with detachment involving both the nasal and temporal sides were treated with encircling scleral buckling. RESULTS: Macular reattachment during a mean follow-up period of 34 months (range: 2 weeks to 9 years) was accomplished in 11 (79%) of the 14 eyes treated with segmental scleral buckling and 4 (44%) of the 9 eyes that received encircling scleral buckling. There were no intraoperative complications recorded. None of the eyes that achieved macular reattachment developed recurrent macular detachment during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Scleral buckling appears to be effective for treatment of stage 4 ROP. In patients with temporal side retinal detachment only, segmental scleral buckling provides adequate treatment for stage 4 ROP.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of stomach cancer in Taiwan.

Both descriptive and analytical studies were carried out to examine epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of stomach cancer in Taiwan. The age-adjusted mortality rate of stomach cancer has been decreasing since the early 1970s for both males and females. The male-to-female ratio of the disease has remained around 2:1 in the past three decades. Comparison of the incidence of stomach cancer among Chinese in different countries showed a much lower incidence among Chinese in the USA than those in southeastern Asia. A hospital-based matched case-control study carried out in Taipei metropolitan areas showed a positive association of stomach cancer with blood type A, chronic gastric diseases, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, green tea drinking as well as consumption of salted meat, cured meat, smoked food, fried food and fermented beans. There was also a significant negative association between the disease and the consumption of milk.

Alcohol Drinking↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of lung cancer in Taiwan.

The specific aim of this study was to examine epidemiologic characteristics and multiple risk factors of lung cancer in Taiwan. The age-adjusted mortality from lung cancer has been increasing since the early 1950s with a constant male-to-female ratio of around 2.0. International comparison of cumulative mortality from lung cancer showed a much lower male-to-female ratio in Chinese than in other populations. Significantly high mortality from lung cancer was observed in highly urbanized cities and the endemic area of chronic arsenicism in Taiwan. Significant associations of active and passive cigarette smoking with epidermoid carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the lung were observed in a hospital-based case-control study carried out in Taipei metropolitan areas. Alcohol drinking, coffee drinking and various types of indoor air pollution were not related to lung cancer after the cigarette smoking habit was adjusted through a multiple logistic regression analysis.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation and elimination of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit.

A recent outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in a teaching hospital was investigated. A total of 25 MRSA isolates, 16 from the patients and nine from the staffs (carriers), was collected for the study. The possible relationship among the isolates was investigated by using antibiograms and restriction enzyme analysis of plasmid DNA. Control strategy of the MRSA nosocomial infection was proposed after the study of antibiograms and plasmid profile. There were four plasmid patterns (I-IV), each containing 7, 8, 2, and 8 isolates. Six of the 16 isolates from the patients had identical plasmid patterns as the carriers (I and II). Person to person transfer via hand contact by medical personnel was found to be the most frequent mode of transmission identified in the outbreak of MRSA nosocomial infection in the NICU. Our strategy for control of the outbreak and elimination of the MRSA from all patients and carriers was successful after intensive surveillance and control measures. These included (a) strict isolation and cohorting; (b) hand washing between patient contacts to prevent transmission; (c) treatment of the carrier state in health care workers and patients with safe and effective topical agents such as mupirocin.

Cross Infection↗