Biomedical subjects

Y C Vanlandewijck

Publications and source records attributed to Y C Vanlandewijck.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Physical fitness profile of elite athletes with intellectual disability.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to investigate the physical fitness profile of high-performance athletes with intellectual disability (ID) in comparison with able-bodied individuals. METHODS: Participants were 231 male and 82 female athletes. All evaluations were done using the EUROFIT physical fitness test. RESULTS: In comparison with population data, both male and female athletes with ID score better for flexibility and upper body muscle endurance, but have similar or lower values for running speed, speed of limb movement, and strength measures. Compared with age-matched physical education students, male athletes with ID score better for running speed and flexibility, and worse for strength. Female athletes with ID score not different from able-bodied individuals for flexibility, running speed, and upper body muscle endurance, but worse for strength measures. Athletes with ID also have poorer cardio respiratory endurance capacity compared with sportive peers without ID. Furthermore, male athletes have a more differentiated profile depending upon their sports discipline, compared with female athletes. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that high-performance athletes with ID reach physical fitness levels that are equal to or lower than those of able-bodied sportive counterparts. Further research should investigate the importance of reduced muscle strength to be the limiting factor.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Influence of isocapnic hyperpnoea on maximal arm cranking performance.

Isocapnic hyperpnoea has been shown to reliably produce fatigue of the diaphragm. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether incremental isocapnic hyperpnoea (IH(incr)) impairs the arm exercise performance and alters the breathing pattern during subsequent maximal incremental arm cranking. Nine healthy volunteers performed an arm cranking test with prior IH(incr) (AC(IH)) and without prior IH(incr) (AC(control)). Minute ventilation ( V(E)), tidal volume ( V(T)), breathing frequency ( f(b)), O(2) uptake ( VO(2)), CO(2) elimination ( VCO(2)), respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and end-tidal partial pressure of CO(2) ( P(ET)CO(2)) were measured at three different time intervals ( t(1): the average of the 3.30th min to the 6.30th min, t(2): 1 min before the end, t(3): peak value) and expressed as mean (SD). V(T) at t(1) and at t(3) was significantly ( P<0.05) lower during AC(IH) [AC(control): t(1): 1.3 (0.5) l, t(p): 1.9 (0.3) l; AC(IH): t(1): 1.1 (0.3) l, t(p): 1.6 (0.3) l]. f(b) at t(1) and t(2) was significantly ( P<0.05) higher during AC(IH) [AC(control): t(1): 23 (4) breaths min(-1), t(2): 42 (14) breaths min(-1); AC(IH): t(1): 27 (5) breaths min(-1), t(2): 48 (14) breaths min(-1)]. The maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), measured before and immediately after the IH(incr), demonstrated a small but significant decrease from 157 (15) l min(-1) to 150 (14) l min(-1) ( P<0.05) after the IH(incr). In conclusion, rapid shallow breathing occurred during maximal arm cranking exercise after IH(incr). The alteration was irrespective of the workload and had already occurred at the start of exercise.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Field test evaluation of aerobic, anaerobic, and wheelchair basketball skill performances.

Forty-six male wheelchair basketball players performed a set of field tests to evaluate aerobic capacity (25 m shuttle run), anaerobic capacity (30s sprint), and six specific wheelchair basketball skills. Overall test-retest reliability (n = 20) ranged from r = 0.65 to r = 0.97. To study the validity (criterion related evidence) of the shuttle run test, heart rate (HR) was recorded for 15 subjects, who also performed a continuous, multistage arm cranking exercise until volitional fatigue. Moderate to high correlations were calculated between shuttle run distances covered (1375 243,6 m) and VO2max (2208+/-461.6 mL/min) and POmax (93.8+/-17.97 W), measured during maximal arm cranking (respectively r = 0.64 and r = 0.87). Maximal HR during shuttle run (174.9+/-16.6 B/min) and arm cranking (169+/-14.21 B/min) were correlated (r = 0.78). High correlations between shuttle run test and anaerobic field tests, however, indicate high implication of anaerobic and wheelchair maneuverability performances. The 30 s sprint test was validated (n = 15) against a Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) on a roller ergometer. Comparing distance (field test: 90+/-6.7 m) with mean power output (WAnT: 852.1+/-234.9 W) the correlation was r = 0.93. Principal components factor analysis identified 'wheelchair propulsion dynamics' and 'eye-hand-coordination' as the underlying constructs of the six skill proficiency measurements, accounting for 80.1% of the variance. In conclusion, the newly developed field test battery is a reliable and valid tool for anaerobic capacity and skill proficiency assessment in wheelchair basketball players.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Wheelchair propulsion efficiency: movement pattern adaptations to speed changes.

Low mechanical efficiency values in wheelchair propulsion are usually explained on the basis of the supply of force and power generated during the push phase. The purpose of this study is to analyze the movement and muscular activity pattern in handrim wheelchair propulsion, focusing on both the push and recovery phases. Data on cardiorespiratory and propulsion technique parameters were obtained from 40 wheelchair basketball players with extensive experience in wheelchair propulsion in six situations: two exercise levels (60% and 80% of individual VO2peak), and three velocities (1.11, 1.67, and 2.22 m.s-1) with constant power output on a treadmill. A two-factor analysis of variance with repeated measurements was applied with "exercise level" and "speed" as the main factors. A significant effect on gross mechanical efficiency was found when the velocity was increased from 1.67 to 2.22 m.s-1. Decreased mechanical efficiency could be explained by a significant change in the acceleration of the wheelchair-user system during recovery, caused by arm and trunk movements, inducing inertial forces to act on the wheelchair. Consequently, mechanical work increased significantly during the recovery phase. These findings indicate that studies on mechanical efficiency in wheelchair propulsion should not only be focussed on power supply during the push phase, but also on the movement pattern during recovery.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed1994

Wheelchair propulsion: functional ability dependent factors in wheelchair basketball players.

The aim of this study was to examine the user-related parameters, 1) force generation 2) maximal aerobic power and 3) propulsion technique, in respect to functional ability level [ISMWSF] wheelchair basketball classification: groups 1, 2 and 3) of 40 elite wheelchair basketball players. Isometric (position on the handrims = -30, 0 degrees, +30 degrees and +60 degrees) and dynamic force application (velocities = 0.56, 0.83 and 1.11 m.s-1) on the handrims (test 1) was measured by means of a computerised wheelchair simulator, with the subjects sitting in a standardised position. Each subject performed a maximal exercise test (test 2) on a motor driven treadmill at 1.67 m.s-1 and four subsequent submaximal tests (test 3) at two exercise levels (60 and 80% of individual VO2) and two velocities (1.11 and 2.22 m.s-1) with constant power output. In tests 2 and 3, cardiorespiratory and kinematic data were recorded simultaneously. Although no significant differences between functional ability groups were found in relation to force application on the handrims, three different force application strategies were observed (test 1). Maximal aerobic capacity and power output (test 2) differed significantly (p < 0.05) between groups 1 and 2 and between groups 1 and 3. No differences in mechanical efficiency were observed between the three functional ability groups, irrespective of changes in wheelchair velocity and external load (test 3). Propulsion technique was not proven to be functional ability dependent although remarkable differences in movement pattern were observed, especially during the recovery phase.

Activities of Daily Living↗