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Biomedical subjects

Y Chaouat

Publications and source records attributed to Y Chaouat.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma occurring in periodic disease: apropos of a case].

INTRODUCTION: Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare malignant neoplasm that might be linked to chronic peritoneal inflammation. As well, the association peritoneal mesothelioma-familial Mediterranean fever is uncommon. EXEGESIS: We report the case of a 60-year-old man who presented for 30 years with standard periodic familial Mediterranean fever accompanied by acute abdominal episodes, sensitive to colchicine. Between 1988 and 1995, acute abdominal episodes were accompanied by more and more profuse recurrent ascites, partially resolving under colchicine treatment. In 1995, the last episode was severe (with loss of weight and inability to tolerate feeding) and conducted to the patient's death due to peritoneal mesothelioma, as confirmed by the biopsy. CONCLUSION: Profuse and recurrent ascites is unusual in standard periodic familial Mediterranean fever. Asbestos exposure at the origin of peritoneal mesothelioma is not well documented. Furthermore, the disease clinical and paraclinical features are misleading, and the diagnosis is based on histology. The prognosis is severe, and treatment is usually disappointing. Our observation clearly demonstrates the interconnection between an unusual form of profuse and relapsing ascites that occurred in the course of a periodic disease and peritoneal mesothelioma. The potential role of recurrent peritonitis related to familial Mediterranean fever in the pathogenesis of the tumor is discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1993

[A one-year prospective study of disodium etidronate versus 17 beta estradiol in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis].

This prospective, controlled, nonrandomized, one-year trial in women included less than ten years after menopause was designed to compare the preventive efficacy on postmenopausal bone loss of replacement percutaneous 17 beta estradiol versus intermittent disodium etidronate. Twenty-five patients took oral disodium etidronate in a daily dosage of 200 mg in two-month courses separated by two-month intervals, with 1 g/day elemental calcium. Twenty-three patients used percutaneous 17 beta estradiol in daily dosage of 1.5 mg for the first twenty days of each month, then 20 mg oral dydrogesterone for the remaining ten days. At baseline the two groups were comparable as concerns age, mean time since menopause (5.1 versus 4.3 years), weight, height, and lumbar bone mineral density as measured by dual-photon X-ray absorptiometry. After one year of treatment, in both groups, bone mineral density was unchanged as compared with baseline, whereas serum alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly reduced. In the estrogen group, biochemical markers for bone turnover showed no significant changes, where as in the etidronate group urinary calcium and urinary hydroxyproline were significantly reduced. These data suggest that disodium etidronate is a satisfactory alternative to estrogens for the short-term prevention of postmenopausal bone loss when hormone replacement therapy is contraindicated or refused by the patient and when preventive therapy is warranted on the basis of measurable risk markers.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

[Primary hyperparathyroidism. History].

The term primary hyperparathyroidism currently refers to the clinical and biological manifestations resulting from the hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone by one or several parathyroid adenomas. This entity is a recent one since it goes back to 1925. The clinical picture resulting from this anomaly, were first described as Recklinghausen's fibrous osteitis, which was not justified since Recklinghausen had not established the relationship between the clinical manifestations and the adenoma discovered by Mandl, then under the name of parathyroid osteosis. This term was justified at a time when the disease presented only bony manifestations with biological evidence. Primary hyperthyroidism is the current appellation, demonstrating that the disease is now a biological disease, often discovered systematically, with therapeutic progress, progress in biological identification and possibility of medical forms without mandatory surgical outcome. Bibliographic references accompany the various stages of this historical reminder.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

[Fibroblastic rheumatism. A clinical and histological entity].

In 1980 was described for the first time a disease which seemed unknown until then. From that time three cases have been published. The current study summarizes their common characteristic, combining joint involvements to nodular-type involvements to systemic involvement, i.e. a specific histology. This entity has been named fibroblastic rheumatism. Nosologically, it is situated between juvenile fibroblastoses without joint involvement and with nodules, and adult sclerodermis with joint and systemic involvement without nodules.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Arthroscopy of the non-inflamed knee (traumatic or not). Apropos of 500 cases].

Arthroscopy is not a new technique, as it has been in use for more than half a century, but it is now coming of age. On the basis of 500 cases, the authors demonstrate its value in the investigation and treatment of internal derangements of the knee for which it is very often difficult to make an aetiological diagnosis. In the case of meniscectomy, it makes up for the lack of formal reliability of arthrography. It can detect a little known disease: diseases of the synovial reflections and it reveals the incidence of meniscal and ligamentous lesions which often pass unnoticed. In each of these areas; arthroscopy is not only a valuable aid to diagnosis, but also a therapeutic advance in that it allows short stay hospitalization and although, like all forms of surgery, it carries its risks, it seems to be an advance on the techniques used up until now.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Acute leukaemias after treatment using cytotoxic agents for rheumatological purpose. 19 cases among 2006 patients(author's transl)].

The authors undertook a retrospective study to determine the number of acute leukaemias developing amongst 2006 patients suffering from chronic inflammatory rheumatic conditions and connective tissue disorders, treated with cytotoxic agents. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 13 years. Nineteen leukaemias were found, essentially granulocytic, with a latent period of 5.7 +/- 2, 8 years after the beginning of treatment. This incidence of almost 1% of leukaemias is probably less than the actual percentage since a number of patients were lost on follow up and since the period of observation is as yet too short. The majority of patients has been treated for more than one year. No cases were seen amongst patients treated for less than six months, or with less than 1g of chlorambucil or 50 g of cyclophosphamide. The risk would seem to be the same for both alkylating agents. No patients treated with azathioprine developed leukaemia, but few patients received this drug. Amongst 35 patients treated for severe psoriatic arthropathy with chlorambucil, 4 developed leukaemia. This particularly high percentage is such that all trials of alkylating agent in this condition should be stopped. The prevalence of leukaemia seen in the series as a whole is comparable to that found in mass studies carried out in various malignant diseases treated by cytotoxics. Awareness of this risk should, lead to even stricter limitations before the use of cytotoxic drugs in rheumatological conditions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Treatment of psoriatic rheumatism].

The authors report on the results of a cooperative study done in collaboration with dermatologists and rheumatologists in order to determine the therapeutic incompatibilities resulting from the co-existence of two diseases, both of unknown cause, namely arthropathies and dermopathies. They make an non exhaustive review of the litearature concerning the different medical or physical methods used. They attempt to outline a therapeutic schema according to the different clinical forms and the more or less large extent of the skin disease.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗