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Biomedical subjects

Y Chavrier

Publications and source records attributed to Y Chavrier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Primary testicular tumors in children. Apropos of 23 cases].

23 cases of primary testicular tumors (TT) were observed in 6 different French divisions of Pediatric Surgery during a 10 year period. This series combined with a survey of the literature serve to stress the rarity of such tumors in boys under the age of 15 years. Yolk sac tumors are the most frequent ones (40%), followed by teratomas (32.5%) which, in children and in this localization, are almost always benign tumors of nongerminal origin, in particular rhabdomyosarcomas and tumors of sexual cords, represent 22% of an TT. They are different from what is observed in adults, in whom the most frequent tumors are seminomas, embryonal carcinomas and teratocarcinomas. Most testicular tumors reveal themselves as unilateral testicular masses. High serum alpha-foeto-protein is specific to yolk sac tumors and its post-operative surveillance is mandatory. Scrotal ultrasonography constitutes the main investigation in view of diagnosis and also serves to detect less evident tumors in case of precocious puberty, gynecomastia. Since lymphatic invasions are unusual in children, surgical exploration of the retro-peritoneal space is no longer considered necessary for the stagging and is replaced nowadays by ultrasonography and CT scan. In case of teratomas and others benign tumors, high inguinal orchiectomy is sufficient; in certain cases (well-delineated and superficial tumor in single-testis), tumorectomy alone is possible. As concerns Yolk sac tumors, the addition of chemotherapy from the age of 2, cures more than 90% of stage I tumors; radiotherapy is necessary when it comes to stage II or III. As for testicular rhabdomyosarcomas, in which prognosis is better than in others areas, the combination of surgery, chemotherapy and perhaps radiotherapy is able to cure from 80 to 90% of them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Principles of the surgical treatment of cloacal malformation. Apropos of 3 cases].

The persistent cloaca is one of the most complex and challenging developmental malformation. It is a rare anomaly occuring only in the female newborn and represented by the association of a urogenital sinus with an anorectal malformation. We report here three cases seen and recently treated in Montpellier (France) in the unit of visceral pediatric surgery (Pr J.G. Pous) between 1981 and 1983. A precise knowledge of normal embryology is very helpful in order to understand these complex anatomical situations. Every case is probably unique, but some main principles of management can be stressed. Neonatal loop colostomy is probably safer in most cases and can allow temporizing until the child is 6 months to 1 year of age. Interim management is often needed: intermittent catheterisation of the bladder and/or urine-filled vagina via the uro-genital sinus, avoiding urinary diversions, except possible temporary supra-pubic cystostomy. Definitive reconstruction is often a long and complex procedure, strictly dependent on absolutely thorough radio-endoscopic pre-operative investigations. It is vital to know exactly the length of the cloacal canal and of the urethra, because surgical reconstruction will vary according to the level at which the various structures converge. Cloacas represent a wide anatomic spectrum: as the severity of the defect increases, there is urogenital sinus with anterior anus ("Near cloacal malformation"), low and high confluence of all three systems. The goal of surgery is to perform in a single operation, the separation of the different conduits and to preserve all the sphincteric mechanisms for urinary-anal continence and genital functions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

[Congenital tracheoesophageal fistulas in children].

Among 107 cases of congenital H-Type tracheoesophageal fistula without esophageal atresia collected, since 1955 to 1983 about 69 have been reported. The clinical aspect is significative when the digestive and respiratory symptoms are associated and very doubtful when only one is recovered. Often, the tape recording confirms the diagnosis, sometimes repeated examinations are necessary. The tracheoscopy with a rigid tube is probably more than the fibroscopy. The surgical correction is easy and induce the cure.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

[Esophageal atresia associated with cricoid stenosis. Apropos of a case].

We study the chart of a new born with an oesophageal atresia. The weight of baby is two pounds and half and clinic look seems moderate: a gastrostomy and feeding jejunostomy are decided. After anaesthetic induction, intubation is impossible, and the tube knocks just under the vocal cords. Dilatations are no possible, and a straight approach is undertaken to cut stenosis and allow an extended intubation. Immediate and distant post operative series have brought the authors on abstract of their attitude after a review of literature.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1980

[Injuries of the pancreas in children. Apropos of 4 cases].

The authors report 4 cases of pancreatic injury in children : 1 distal transection, 2 simple contusions and 1 pseudocyst of the head. They review the diagnostic approach to and treatment which is centered on the state of the pancreatic duct: external drainage when the pancreatic duct is safe, simple contusion or even pseudocyst, distal pancreatectomy, with or without splenectomy when the pancreatic duct has been transected in a complete pancreatic transection complicated or not with a pseudocyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Human celosomias].

Definition and nomenclature of celosomia are based on a historical review which provides a system of classification. Morphology and organogenesis of celosomia were studied on 64 embryonic and foetal bodies. The anatomical study of 6 cases of human celosomia provided a definition of the characteristics of major celosomia, by showing the constant elements of the syndrome (particularly the parietal malformation) and the anomalies frequently found in each of the different types:--anterior (or superior) celosomia;--middle celosomia, including laparoschisis;--posterior (or inferior) celosomia, among which exstrophy of the bladder may be either one of the constant elements of the syndrome, or a limited form of the inferior celosomia;--total celosomia, of which one case was studied for this report, and of which the major forms, the schistosomia, chelinosomia and strophosomia types, seem to constitute forms of transition with other types of monstruosity. With improved knowledge of anatomy and organogenesis the possibilities of treatment have improved over the past few years, but still remain limited in the more monstrous forms of celosomia.

Abdomen↗