PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Y D Singh

Publications and source records attributed to Y D Singh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Medical problems in surgical patients.

OBJECTIVES: There has been an increase in surgical cases due to physical violence, accidents and weapon related injuries. This study was undertaken to assess the medical problems in general surgical cases and due to various injuries. METHODS: All general surgical cases and casualties arising out of weapon related, accidents and blunt injuries admitted to a zonal hospital over a period of one and half years were studied. Only cases who developed a medical illness due to surgical cause, anaesthetic or surgery were included. Evaluation and treatment was done alongwith the surgeon till discharge/death. Details were analysed to ascertain the type of surgical illness, medical complication and the outcome of treatment. RESULTS: There were seven hundred sixty two (53.8%) general surgery cases and six hundred fifty four (46.2%) cases due to various injuries. After excluding cases with prior known medical illness, thirty seven patients were studied. There were eight (1.05%) patients out of seven hundred sixty two general surgery cases and twenty nine (4.43%) out of six hundred fifty four injury cases. Weapon related injury cases were the maximum. Their medical problems related to the organ injury, fat embolism and sepsis. Soft tissue injury was next common, they all developed renal failure. Vehicle accident victim(3) were few and developed fat embolism, aspiration. Two patients out of thirty seven succumbed to post anaesthetic complications. CONCLUSION: The incidence of medical problem in injury related cases are more than in general surgery cases. The type of injury contributes to the medical problem. Increase in mortality and morbidity is because of emergency nature of surgery. This problem needs special study.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1995

Detection and prevention of childhood disability with the help of Anganwadi workers.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of Anganwadi Workers (AWW) for detection and prevention of disability in children below 6 years of age. DESIGN: Cross sectional and longitudinal follow up. SETTING: Ten Anganwadi Centers in ICDS Urban Project. METHODS: Trained AWWs identified disabilities and instituted preventive measures like immunization and supplementary nutrition. Simultaneous independent verification by pediatricians. Repeat survey after 6 mo of follow-up. RESULTS: Amongst the 1545 children, AWW identified disability in 126 subjects which were verified in 118 cases by pediatricians. The disability rate was 7638 per 100,000 population. Visual, mental, orthopedic, speech and hearing disabilities rates were 4790, 2654, 583, 518 and 453 per 100,000 population, respectively. In the repeat survey, 35 of the 74 children with visual disability (mostly xerophthalmia), 4 of the 9 with orthopedic disability and 3 of the 7 with hearing disability could be managed satisfactorily. CONCLUSIONS: AWW can help in early detection and appropriate management of incipient and preventable childhood disabilities.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1994

Growth patterns in breastfed babies during first six months of life.

Growth of exclusively breastfed 126 normal newborns in urban slums and those delivered at Nehru Hospital, Medical College, Gorakhpur were studied upto six months of age. The average weight of both boys and girls was almost equivalent to the 25th percentile of NCHS standard upto 3 months but fell below these standards thereafter. The average length in both boys and girls was between 25th and 50th percentile of NCHS data. The average head circumference in girls was between 25th and 50th percentile of NCHS data at all ages but in boys it was between 10th and 25th percentile at 4, 5 and 6 months of age. The average weight, length, head and chest circumference in both boys and girls were comparable to ICMR standards. The observations indicate that exclusive breastfeeding should be promoted for adequate growth of infants during first six months of life.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1993

Pregnancies in adolescents: fetal, neonatal and maternal outcome.

We studied the perinatal morbidity and mortality among adolescent pregnancies in the semi-urban population of Gorakhpur. The number of eligible couples (females 15-44 yrs) were 24,000. Out of 430 adolescent married girls, 242 (56.3%) became pregnant during the study period. Nineteen (7.8%) of adolescent pregnancies were in the maternal age group less than 15 years and 110 (45.5%) and 113 (46.7%) pregnancies were in the age group 15-17 yrs and 17-19 yrs, respectively. The incidence of low birth weight babies was 67.3% of all live births. Infections during neonatal period, congenital anomalies and birth injuries were seen in 21.6, 8.6 and 13.1% newborns, respectively. Neonatal mortality rate was 136.2/1000 live births. Three adolescent mothers died during pregnancy or puerperium due to causes related to pregnancy. The incidence of LBW, neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality associated with adolescent pregnancies were significantly higher.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

JE virus encephalitis: 1988 epidemic at Gorakhpur.

Gorakhpur region experienced the most serious outbreak of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in 1988 in which 875 children were admitted in the Department of Pediatrics, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur. Children between 7-10 years age group constituted half (49.3%) of these cases, convulsions (83.8%), altered sensorium (78.2%), headache (68.8%) and hypertonia (77.0%) were the main presenting features. IgM against JE virus was demonstrated in 18/25 CSF and 27/53 sera collected from these children. Significant titres of HI antibodies against JE were present in 498/670 patients. Patients were managed symptomatically. Dexamethasone and dopamine were given to only 137 (15.7%) children admitted with shock and peripheral circulatory failure. Almost a third (31.8%) of the patients expired, 51.4% recovered completely and 10.7% recovered partially. Corticosteroids did not improve the outcome. Twenty four patients had recurrence of symptoms after excellent recovery from acute attack of whom two died and 5 developed neurological deficits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Mortality patterns in low birth weight babies in ICDS urban slum area.

There were 920 live-births over the period of one year in urban slums (covering 40 anganwadi centres) of Gorakhpur city. Incidence of low birth weight (LBW) babies weighing 2.5 kg or less and those weighing 2 kg or less were 40.7% (19.8% preterm LBW and 80.2% term LBW) and 24% (25.3% preterm LBW and 74.7% term LBW) respectively. Incidence of preterm babies was 8.5%. Infections and respiratory distress were found to be the major killers of LBW babies. The neonatal mortality rate was observed to be significantly high in LBW and preterm babies. Again, babies weighing 2 kg or less and preterm were at greater risk and should be referred to specialised neonatal centres while those weighing 2.001-2.5 kg could be looked after at home by trained personnel in domiciliary newborn care.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1989

Prescription audit of under six children living in periurban areas.

One hundred and seventy two children were prescribed, in 212 episodes of illness, antimicrobial agents (28.4%), followed by antidiarrheals (10.9%), nutritional products (9.4%), analgesics (7.5%) and steroids (6.8%). Ampicillin (22.7%) and cotrimoxazole (12.7%) were the most commonly prescribed antimicrobials. Tetracyclines, which are not indicated in children below 8 years, were used in 7.1% of total exposures of chemotherapeutic agents. Penicillin, a comparatively safe and useful drug, was used only in 4.5% exposures. Analgin and hydroxyquinolines were used frequently. Corticosteroids were used for simple ailments like diarrhea, fever and jaundice. ORS was used in only 13.9% episodes of diarrhea. Adverse drug reactions were noted in 30 (17.4%) cases and death in 6 (3.5%) cases. The average cost per prescription for neonates was Rs 32.43 and for a child was Rs 30.65. Weight of the children was not taken prior to prescribing drugs. There is need for prescription audit as there is high consumption rate of drugs, with overuse of antimicrobial and nutritional products, and misuse of steroids.

Child↗